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Percentyield_experiment_modified

This document outlines a laboratory procedure for determining the percent yield of a precipitation reaction between copper(II) chloride and sodium carbonate. It details the materials needed, safety precautions, and step-by-step instructions for conducting the experiment, including measuring and recording data. The process involves calculating the theoretical yield and comparing it to the actual yield obtained from the reaction to find the percent yield.

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Kaushik248
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12 views

Percentyield_experiment_modified

This document outlines a laboratory procedure for determining the percent yield of a precipitation reaction between copper(II) chloride and sodium carbonate. It details the materials needed, safety precautions, and step-by-step instructions for conducting the experiment, including measuring and recording data. The process involves calculating the theoretical yield and comparing it to the actual yield obtained from the reaction to find the percent yield.

Uploaded by

Kaushik248
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PERCENT YIELD

How do you use stoichiometry to determine the percent yield of a reaction?

• Erlenmeyer flask, 250-mL • Ring stand


• Graduated cylinder, 10-mL • Iron ring to fit funnel
• Beakers, 100-mL (2) • Copper(II) chloride (CuCl2), 1 g
• Stirring rod with rubber policeman (2) • Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), 1 g
• Funnel • Pencil
• Fast-flow filter paper to fit funnel • Wash bottle with distilled water
• Balance (readability: 0.01 g)

You can measure the amount of a product formed by carrying out a precipitation reaction. The amount
of CuCO3 in this reaction is the actual yield. Calculate the theoretical yield from stoichiometric
calculation. By comparing the actual yield to the theoretical yield the percent yield is determined.

Perform a double replacement precipitate reaction between copper(II) chloride (CuCl2) and sodium
carbonate (Na2CO3). Predict the amount of product that is formed according to the reaction:

CuCl2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) → CuCO3(s) + 2NaCl(aq)

Follow these important safety precautions in addition to your regular classroom procedures:
• Always wear protective eyewear to prevent chemical splashes from entering your eyes.
• Handling chemicals like copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂) can cause skin irritation, so wear gloves.
• Perform the experiment in a well-ventilated area to prevent inhaling any fumes.
• Measure and transfer chemicals carefully to avoid spills.
• Use separate stirring rods for each solution to avoid unintended reactions.
• Follow proper disposal procedures for leftover chemicals and used filter paper.
• Wash beakers and equipment to remove any residual chemicals.
• Handle beakers and graduated cylinders carefully to prevent breakage.
• Ensure you clean your hands thoroughly after handling chemicals.

Measure approximately 1.00 g each of CuCl2 and Na2CO3 solids. Record this amount in Table 1 on
your answer sheet.
Place each solid in a separate beaker and add 10 mL of distilled water to each beaker. Gently stir the
mixtures to dissolve the salts. Use a different stirring rod for each beaker to avoid cross–
contaminating the solutions.

Record the color of each solution in Table 1.

Slowly add a little CuCl2 solution to the Na2CO3. Swirl to mix. Record your observations in Table 1.

Continue to slowly add the CuCl2 to the Na2CO3 and swirl to mix. The continuous, slow addition of
CuCl2 along with swirling allows the greatest number of reactant ions to contact each other. The
result is a greater amount of products formed.

When all of the solution is added, rinse the empty beaker with 3–5 mL of distilled water and add the
rinse water to the mixture. This removes any remaining CuCl2 ions. Record final observations of the
reaction mixture in Table 1.

Obtain a piece of filter paper. Fold it in half and then in half again as
shown. Write your name in pencil near the top outside edge of the
filter paper.

Measure and record the mass of the filter paper in Table 2 on your
answer sheet.

Place the filter paper in the funnel and set the funnel inside the iron
ring to suspend it above the empty flask as shown. Allow the funnel
to enter the neck of the flask.

Wet the filter paper with a little distilled water so three folds of
paper are on one side and one paper thickness is on the other. This
helps it stick to the funnel and keeps it in place.

You will now separate the CuCO3 solid precipitate from the aqueous NaCl product. Swirl the
mixture to suspend the solid in the solution. Slowly pour the mixture into the filter paper. As you
pour, do not allow the mixture to rise above the top of the filter paper. Check to see that the filtrate
(the solution draining into the flask below the funnel) is clear. If it is not clear, the filter paper may
be torn or some mixture has escaped above the top of the paper. In either case you will need to re-
filter the filtrate to ensure that you capture all of the solids.

Use the wash bottle and rubber policeman to make sure all of the precipitate is rinsed out of the
solution flask and into the filter paper.

Remove the filter paper containing the CuCO3 solid and place it in the area designated by your
instructor to dry overnight.

During the next class period, weigh your dry filter paper and solid. Record the color and mass of the
CuCO3 in Table 2.

Complete the analysis on your answer sheet.

Answer the questions on your answer sheet.

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