NETTUR TECHNICAL TRAINING FOUNDATION

DIPLOMA IN MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING

III SEMESTER – QUESTION BANK
SUBJECT NAME: CNC TECHNOLOGY SUBJECT CODE: CP33301T
PART-A
1.0 CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER
1.1 What does CNC stand for?
a) Centralized Numerical Computation c) Controlled Numeric Control
b) Computerized Numerical Control d) Computational Neural Code
1.2 Which type of spindle drive is commonly used in CNC machines for precise control?
a) AC and DC Servo Motor c) Pneumatic
b) Hydraulic d) Stepper Motor
1.3 What is the main application of CNC machines?
a) Controlling traffic c) Data storage
b) Precision manufacturing d) Cleaning tools
1.4 What is the primary function of a ball lead screw in CNC machines?
a) Power generation c) Controlling axis feedback
b) Friction reduction in linear motion d) Cooling system operation
1.5 Which motor is used for precise spindle drive in CNC machines?
a) Stepper Motor c) Hydraulic Motor
b) AC/DC Servo Motor d) Pneumatic Motor
1.6 What is the primary function of a ball lead screw in CNC machines?
a) Cooling c) Increasing friction
b) Reducing friction d) Feedback generation
1.7 In a CNC machine, which type of feedback device measures velocity?
a) Encoder c) Transducer
b) Tacho Generator d) Servo Motor
1.8 In a CNC machining process, what does DNC stand for?
a) Distributed Numerical Control c) Device Numerical Control
b) Direct Numerical Control d) Data Numerical Control
1.9 What is a common cause of accidents in CNC machines?
a) Proper operator training c) Regular machine maintenance
b) Ignoring safety guidelines d) Usage of safety equipment
1.10What is the primary use of ball lead screws in CNC machines?
a) Reducing friction c) Adjusting the feed rate
b) Cooling the spindle d) Providing rotational motion
1.11 What is G90 in CNC programming?
a) Incremental coordinate positioning c) Circular interpolation
b) Absolute coordinate positioning d) Feed rate adjustment
1.12 What is the purpose of an automatic tool changer in CNC machines?
a) Changing machine settings c) Lubricating the spindle
b) Switching tools during operations d) Removing swarf
1.13 Which axis is typically the rotational axis in a CNC lathe?
a) X-axis c) Z-axis
b) Y-axis d) C-axis

Page 2 of 2
1.14 In CNC milling, what is G91 used for?
a) Incremental coordinate positioning c) Setting the spindle speed
b) Absolute coordinate positioning d) Tool change
1.15 What is a basic preparatory function in CNC programming?
a) G-code commands c) Tool calibration
b) Spindle speed adjustment d) Axis feedback
1.16 In a CNC program, NC stands for ___________
a) Non control c) Numerical control
b) Non-conventional d) Numerical causes
1.17 CNC controls are also referred to as_____NC systems
a) Soft-wired c) manual
b) Hard-wired d) Automated
1.18 In a CNC machine, contents in _____are lost when the controller is turned off.
a) ROM c) RAM
b) EPROM d) E RAM
1.19 CNC machines are generally _______than manually operated machines.
a) More sophisticated c) More complicated
b) More expensive d) More critical
1.20 CNC machines can be updated by improving the ________used to drive the machines.
a) Hardware c) Software
b) Programming language d) Machine make
1.21 In CNC machines, stepper motors convert ______and direction signals into rotary motion.
a) Analog pulse c) Sensing pulse
b) Digital pulse d) Mechanical pulse
1.22 In conventional machine tools, the_______is normally used for this purpose.
a) Buttress thread c) Square (Acme) thread
b) Metric thread d) BSA thread
1.23 The Guideway in CNC machines is one of the important elements of___________.
a) Cutting tool c) Measuring tool
b) Machine tool d) Gauges
1.24 For measuring and monitoring the speed of the drive motor in a CNC machine_____is used.
a) Positioning feedback c) Open loop system
b) Velocity feedback d) Closed loop system
1.25 For measuring and monitoring the position or displacement of the CNC machine slides___is
used.
a) Positioning feedback c) Open loop system
b) Velocity feedback d) Closed loop system
1.26 A tachogenerator is simply a ___that gives voltage output which is proportional to its speed.
a) Current generator c) Speed controller
b) Voltage generator d) Feed controller
1.27In a CNC machine, a device used to change a signal or data into a code In a CNC machine,
is called______.
a) Servo control c) Gripper
b) Encoder d) Spindle
1.28Tool magazines in CNC machines are classified as______________
a) Tool turret c) Chain type
b) Drum or disc type d) All the above
1.29 In twin-pallet CNC machines, ____pallets are used.
a) 2 c) 4
b) 3 d) 5
1.30 CNC machining is considered to be a ________of production.
a) Huge mass type c) Control type
b) Safe type d) Skilled type
1.31 While CNC machining operation, ignorance and lack of caution lead to____________.
a) Accident c) Severe injuries or death.
b) Not hazardous d) Fatigue
1.32 Generally, in CNC machines, accident in any shop floor is caused highly due to______.
a) Unsafe condition c) Both a & b
b) Unsafe acts d) None
1.33 In a CNC program each block may contain __________ words in sequence.
a) Several code c) Numerical code
b) Several machine d) Algebraic code
1.34 CNC machining is also called as __________.
a) Conventional machining c) Manual machining
b) Subtraction machining d) Portable machining
1.35 Before starting the CNC machine__________ activities should be done.
a) Focused improvement c) Quality maintenance
b) Planned maintenance d) Autonomous maintenance
1.36 Name one axis commonly used in CNC lathes.
a) X-axis c) Z-axis
b) U-axis d) Both (a) and (c)
1.37 In a CNC program, which G-code is used for step turning?
a) G91 c) G02
b) G90 d) G03
1.38 What is the purpose of G91 in CNC programming?
a) Incremental positioning c) Spindle speed control
b) Absolute positioning d) Setting tool offset
1.39 Preparatory functions used in a CNC program are also called __________
a) G-codes c) Alphanumeric codes
b) M-codes d) Numeric codes
1.40 Miscellaneous functions used in a CNC program are also called __________
a) G-codes c) Alphanumeric codes
b) M-codes d) Numeric codes
1.41 One disadvantage of CNC machines is_________.
a) Inability to handle repetitive tasks c) High initial cost
b) Low accuracy d) High labor requirements
1.42 Which industry commonly uses CNC machines?
a) Automotive c) Both (a) and (b)
b) Aerospace d) Education
1.43What device is used to change tools automatically in CNC machines?
a) Automatic Tool Changer c) Axis Drive Motor
b) Ball Lead Screw d) Position Feedback Device
1.44 Tools are selected in a CNC program through the _______
a) F word c) S word
b) T word d) D word
1.45 Feed is specified in a CNC program through the _______
a) F word c) S word
b) T word d) D word
1.46 Speed is specified in in a CNC program through the _______
a) F word c) S word
b) T word d) D word
1.47 Basically, during CNC machining________ point had to be taken.
a) Machine origin c) Part origin
b) Program origin d) All the above
1.48 Point to point control system in a CNC program is also called as______system.
a) Position control c) Continuous path
b) Straight control d) Deep-cut system
1.49 Contouring system in a CNC program is also called as______system.
a) Position control c) Continuous path
b) Straight control d) Deep-cut system
1.50 A CNC program consists of ________________.
a) Blocks c) Addresses
b) Words d) All the above
1.51 A command given to the control unit in a CNC program is called a_____.
a) Block c) Address
b) Word d) Function
1.52 A block in a CNC program is composed of ________________.
a) Blocks c) Addresses
b) One or more words d) Commands
1.53 A word in a CNC program is composed of an identification letter and a_____________.
a) Blocks c) Symbols
b) Series of numerals d) Alphanumerical
1.54 The identification letter at the beginning of each word in a CNC program is called _______.
a) Block c) Address
b) Word d) Function
1.55 In a CNC program, sequence number is specified by__________address
a) N c) M
b) G d) S
1.56 In a CNC program, coordinate word is specified by__________address
a) A c) C
b) B d) All the above
1.57 Which axis is typically the vertical axis in CNC lathes?
a) X-axis c) Z-axis
b) Y-axis d) A-axis
1.58In a CNC program, parameter for circular interpolation is specified by_________address
a) I c) K
b) J d) All the above
2.0 FILL IN THE BLANKS
2.1 In CNC machines, instructions are programmed using ________.
2.2 In a CNC machine, NC machines use punched ________ for programming.
2.3 In a CNC program, the S-code sets the ________ speed in revolutions per minute (RPM).
2.4 In a CNC program, the T-code specifies the ________ number to be used.
2.5 In a CNC program, the M-code ________ is used to stop the spindle.
2.6 One application of CNC machines is ________ manufacturing.
2.7 CNC machines are preferred for ________ production runs.
2.8 In a CNC machine, DNC refers to __________ Numerical Control.
2.9 DNC is primarily used to connect ________ to CNC machines.
2.10 In a CNC machine, stepper motors require motor driving voltage and _______________.
2.11 Friction in linear motion is reduced in CNC machines using a __________ lead screw.
2.12 A common cause of accidents in CNC machines is _____________ training of operators.
2.13 In a CNC machines, emergency ________ switches should always be functional.
2.14 While CNC machining process, operators should always wear appropriate ________
equipment.
2.15 CNC machines should be operated by ________ personnel only.
2.16 In CNC machines, hydraulic drives are typically used for heavy ________.
2.17 In CNC machines, recirculating ball screw is also called as____________.
2.18 In CNC machines, servo motors are used for ________ position and speed control.
2.19 In CNC machines, spindle bearings are essential for supporting ________ motion.
2.20 In CNC machines, ball lead screws are used for reducing friction in ________ motion.
2.21 The primary purpose of a stepper motor in a CNC machine, is to provide ________ motion.
2.22 Guide ways in CNC machines, is also called as_____________.
2.23 In CNC machines, guideways can be made of metallic or ________ materials.
2.24 In CNC machines, device that generates feedback based on rotary motion is called an _____.
2.25 In CNC machines, velocity feedback is normally provided by a device called
________________.
2.26 In CNC machines, velocity feedback provides information on the ________ of the spindle or
axis.
2.27 In CNC machines, encoders convert ________ motion into digital signals.
2.28 In CNC machines, ATC stands for_____________________________.
2.29 An automatic tool changer reduces __________ time during CNC machining operations.
2.30 In CNC machines, APC stands for_____________________________.
2.31 Automatic pallet changers improve ________ of CNC machines.
2.32 In CNC machines, FANUC stands for ________________________________________.
2.33 In a CNC machine, cutting tools should be orderly loaded as per the ________________.
2.34 In cut planning, the __________ and sequence of cuts are defined to optimize CNC
machining.
2.35 Speed functions in CNC programming control the __________ speed and feed rate.
2.36 In a CNC program, the preparatory function G00 is used for ________ positioning.
2.37 In CNC machines, work coordinate system defines the origin relative to the ___________.
2.38 Facing, turning, and step turning are basic operations in CNC ___________.
2.39 In a CNC program, G-code ________ is used for absolute positioning.
2.40 In a CNC program G-code ________ is used for incremental positioning.
2.41 Basic preparatory functions in CNC lathe are represented by ________ commands.
2.42 The principle axis of a CNC turning machine contains_______axis.
2.43 Machine coordinate system in a CNC machine is also called as_________________.
2.44 Cut planning in CNC milling determines the ________ of machining operations.
2.45 Workpiece coordinate system in a CNC machine is also called as______
2.46 In CNC machines, VMC stands for__________________________________________.
2.47 In CNC machines, HMC stands for__________________________________________.
2.48 Tool change commands in CNC part programming are represented by ________ codes.
2.49 Cutting tools are defined in the CNC program using ________ functions.
2.50 Speed control is an essential function CNC programmed using ________ commands.

3.0 MATCH THE FOLLOWING

I II
3.1 M00 - a) Spindle start (reverse CCW)
3.2 M03 - b) Spindle stop
3.3 M04 - c) Chuck - clamping
3.4 M05 - d) Program stop
3.5 M10 - e) Spindle start (forward CW)

I 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

II
 I II
3.6 G20 - a) Rapid positioning
3.7 G21 - b) Radius programming
3.8 G00 - c) Thread cutting
3.9 G24 - d) Inch input(in.)
3.10 G32 - e) Metric unit(mm)

I 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10

II

I II
3.11 CNC part program - a) Letters & Numbers
3.12 N75 - b) Feed
3.13 Coordinates - c) Number of NC-block
3.14 Word - d Sequence of instructions
3.15 F - e) X, Y, Z

I 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15

II

I II
3.16 G Codes - a) Tool Selection
3.17 M Codes - b) Speed Control
3.18 T Codes - c) Spindle Functions
3.19 S Codes - d) Movement Commands
3.20 E Codes - e) Miscellaneous Functions

I 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20

II

I II
3.21 G90 Code -a) Tool Usage
3.22 G91 Code -b) Absolute Positioning
3.23 Axis Nomenclature -c) Incremental Positioning
3.24 Coordinate System -d) Axis Identification
3.25 Tool Function -e) Reference Frame
 I 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25

II

I II
3.26 Automatic Tool Changer - a) Safety Standards
3.27 Automatic Pallet Changer - b) Precautionary Measures
3.28 Automatic Swarf Removal - c) Tool Replacement
3.29 Machine Safety - d) Pallet Exchange
3.30 Accident Prevention - e) Chip Removal

I 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.34 3.35

II

I II
3.31 Velocity Feedback - a) Track Movement
3.32 Tacho Generator - b) Control Servo
3.33 Position Feedback Transducer - c) Measure Speed
3.34 Encoders - d Generate Pulse
3.35 Servo Controls - e) Measure Position

I 3.36 3.37 3.38 3.39 3.40

II

I II
3.36 AC Servo Motor -a) Reduces Linear Friction
3.37 DC Servo Motor -b) Spindle Bearings
3.38 Hydraulic Drive -c) Alternating Current Control
3.39 Reciprocating Ball Bushes -d) Direct Current Control
3.40 Supports Spindle Motion -e) Fluid-based Power

I 3.41 3.42 3.43 3.44 3.45

II
 I II
3.41 Human Error -a) Linear interpolation
3.42 Machine Fault -b) Circular interpolation
3.43 Environmental Factor -c) Lack of Training
3.44 Straight Contour -d) Poor Maintenance
3.45 Circular Contour -e) Improper Lighting

I 3.46 3.47 3.48 3.49 3.50

II

PART- B
1.0 ANSWER ANY OF THE FOLLOWING (2 MARK QUESTIONS)
1.1 Define Numerical Control (NC).
1.2 State two differences between NC and CNC.
1.3 What is Direct Numerical Control (DNC)?
1.4 What are the characteristics of the CNC Machine?
1.5 Write few advantages of CNC.
1.6 Write few disadvantages of CNC.
1.7 Mention different parts of CNC machine tools.
1.8 Mention two industries where CNC machines are widely used.
1.9 What is part program?
1.10 What is a program input device?
1.11 What is a machine control unit (MCU)?
1.12 What is the role of a spindle drive in a CNC machine?
1.13 What is the use of guideways in CNC machines?
1.14 What is the use of spindle in CNC machines?
1.15 What is the purpose of a ball lead screw in a CNC machine?
1.16 What is the purpose of an automatic tool changer (ATC)?
1.17 What is the purpose of an automatic pallet changer.
1.18 Mention two advantages of hydraulic spindle drives.
1.19 Name two feedback devices used in CNC systems.
1.20 Give important causes of accidents in CNC machine.
1.21 List two safety precautions to be followed when operating a CNC machine.
1.22 Define Part programming?
1.23 State two differences between absolute programming and incremental programming.
1.24 What are the types of cuts used in CNC turning centre machine?
1.25 What are the axes used in CNC turning centre machine?
1.26 Name the different types of coordinate system used in CNC turning centre?
1.27 Write short notes on tool function used in CNC turning centre.
1.28 Write short notes on speed function used in CNC turning centre.
1.29 Write short notes on CNC milling.
1.30 Name all part programming fundamentals of CNC milling.
1.31 How the CNC controls are classified in a machining centre (Milling)?
1.32 How the axis nomenclature was calculated in CNC milling?
1.33 Write short notes on coordinate system used in CNC milling.
1.34 Name different types of words used in CNC program.
1.35 Write short notes on Tool function used in CNC machining centre.
1.36 Write short notes on Speed function used in CNC machining centre.

2.0 ANSWER ANY OF THE FOLLOWING ( 3 MARK QUESTION)

2.1 List three major applications of CNC machines in the manufacturing industry.
2.2 Write few notes on recirculating ball screw mechanism used in CNC machines.
2.3 Write the characteristics of metallic and non-metallic bearings used in CNC machines.
2.4 Write the characteristics of guide ways used in a CNC machine.
2.5 What is a stepper motor, and why is it used in CNC machines?
2.6 What is a servo motor, and why is it used in CNC machines?
2.7 Write short notes on automatic swarf removal mechanism used in CNC machines.
2.8 Write short notes on CNC Turning.
2.9 What are the safety precautions that must be taken to avoid electrical hazards in CNC
machines?
2.10 What are the basic steps in CNC machine followed for planning and programming?
2.11 Write few notes on offsets used in CNC turning centre machine?
2.12 Write short notes on preparatory function used in CNC turning centre.
2.13 Write short notes on miscellaneous function used in CNC turning centre.
2.14 What is cut planning in CNC programming, and why is it important?
2.15 How the cutting parameters planned for a program in CNC milling?
2.16 Write short notes on programming structure used in CNC milling.
2.17 Write short notes on preparatory function used in CNC machining centre.
2.18 Write short notes on miscellaneous function used in CNC machining centre.
3.0 ANSWER ANY OF THE FOLLOWING ( 5 MARK QUESTIONS)

3.1 Explain the basic working principle of a CNC system using a block diagram and how it
differs from conventional machining.
3.2 Briefly explain stepper motors and servo motors in terms of their working principle and
applications in CNC axis drives.
3.3 Explain the any three friction reducing elements and its advantages used in CNC machines.
3.4 Write a brief note on the general safety precautions to be followed during CNC machine
operations.
3.5 Explain the fundamental steps followed in process planning for programming in CNC lathe.
3.6 What are basic preparatory functions in CNC milling? Provide examples and explain their
uses.
3.7 Write a CNC part program for step turning using G90 code.

3.8 Briefly explain the purpose of each step in this CNC milling program, from the initial setup
to returning to the home position.

***ALL THE BEST***

 ANSWERS
CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER
1.1 b) Computerized Numerical Control
1.2 a) AC and DC Servo Motor
1.3 b) Precision manufacturing
1.4 b) Friction reduction in linear motion
1.5 b) AC/DC Servo Motor
1.6 b) Reducing friction
1.7 b) Tacho Generator
1.8 b) Direct Numerical Control
1.9 b) Ignoring safety guidelines
1.10 a) Reducing friction
1.11 b) Absolute coordinate positioning
1.12 b) Switching tools during operations
1.13 d) C-axis
1.14 a) Incremental coordinate positioning
1.15 a) G-code commands
1.16 c) Numerical control
1.17 b) Hard-wired
1.18 c) RAM
1.19 b) More expensive
1.20 a) Hardware
1.21 b) Digital pulse
1.22 c) Square (Acme) thread
1.23 b) Machine tool
1.24 b) Velocity feedback
1.25 a) Positioning feedback
1.26 b) Voltage generator
1.27 b) Encoder
1.28 d) All the above
1.29 a) 2
1.30 c) Control type
1.31 a) Accident
1.32 c) Both a & b
1.33 a) Several code
 1.34 b) Subtraction machining
1.35 b) Planned maintenance
1.36 d) Both (a) and (c)
1.37 a) G91
1.38 a) Incremental positioning
1.39 a) G-codes
1.40 b) M-codes
1.41 c) High initial cost
1.42 c) Both (a) and (b)
1.43 a) Automatic Tool Changer
1.44 b) T word
1.45 a) F word
1.46 c) S word
1.47 d) All the above
1.48 a) Position control
1.49 c) Continuous path
1.50 d) All the above
1.51 b) Word
1.52 b) One or more words
1.53 b) Series of numerals
1.54 c) Address
1.55 a) N
1.56 d) All the above
1.57 b) Y-axis
1.58 d) All the above

FILL IN THE BLANKS:

2.1 G-codes.
2.2 cards.
2.3 spindle
2.4 tool
2.5 M05
2.6 mass manufacturing
2.7 short-to-medium
2.8 Direct Numerical Control.
2.9 computers
2.10 pulse signals.
2.11 ball.
2.12 lack of
2.13 stop.
2.14 safety.
2.15 qualified.
2.16 machining.
2.17 ball lead screw.
2.18 precise.
2.19 rotary .
2.20 linear .
2.21 rotary .
2.22 rails.
2.23 ceramic .
2.24 encoder.
2.25 tachogenerator.
2.26 speed.
2.27 rotary.
2.28 Automatic Tool Changer.
2.29 tool change.
2.30 Automatic Pallet Changer.
2.31 productivity.
2.32 Feizo Automatic Numerical Unit Control.
2.33 tooling plan.
2.34 tool selection
2.35 spindle
2.36 rapid
2.37 part.
2.38 lathe.
2.39 G90
2.40 G91
2.41 G
2.42 Z-axis
2.43 machine home.
 2.44 order.
2.45 part origin.
2.46 Vertical Machining Center.
2.47 Horizontal Machining Center.
2.48 M
2.49 T
2.50 S

MATCH THE FOLLOWING

3.1 - 3.5

 3.1 M00 -> d) Program stop

 3.2 M03 -> e) Spindle start (forward CW)
 3.3 M04 -> a) Spindle start (reverse CCW)
 3.4 M05 -> b) Spindle stop
 3.5 M10 -> c) Chuck - clamping

3.6 - 3.10

 3.6 G20 -> d) Inch input (in.)

 3.7 G21 -> e) Metric unit (mm)
 3.8 G00 -> a) Rapid positioning
 3.9 G24 -> b) Radius programming
 3.10 G32 -> c) Thread cutting

3.11 - 3.15

 3.11 CNC part program -> d) Sequence of instructions

 3.12 N75 -> c) Number of NC-block
 3.13 Coordinates -> e) X, Y, Z
 3.14 Word -> a) Letters & Numbers
 3.15 F -> b) Feed

3.16 - 3.20

 3.16 G Codes -> d) Movement Commands

 3.17 M Codes -> e) Miscellaneous Functions
 3.18 T Codes -> a) Tool Selection
 3.19 S Codes -> b) Speed Control
 3.20 E Codes -> c) Spindle Functions

3.21 - 3.25

 3.21 G90 Code -> b) Absolute Positioning

 3.22 G91 Code -> c) Incremental Positioning
 3.23 Axis Nomenclature -> d) Axis Identification
 3.24 Coordinate System -> e) Reference Frame
 3.25 Tool Function -> a) Tool Usage
3.26 - 3.30

 3.26 Automatic Tool Changer -> c) Tool Replacement

 3.27 Automatic Pallet Changer -> d) Pallet Exchange
 3.28 Automatic Swarf Removal -> e) Chip Removal
 3.29 Machine Safety -> a) Safety Standards
 3.30 Accident Prevention -> b) Precautionary Measures

3.31 - 3.35

 3.31 Velocity Feedback -> c) Measure Speed

 3.32 Tacho Generator -> d) Generate Pulse
 3.33 Position Feedback Transducer -> e) Measure Position
 3.34 Encoders -> a) Track Movement
 3.35 Servo Controls -> b) Control Servo

3.36 - 3.40

 3.36 AC Servo Motor -> c) Alternating Current Control

 3.37 DC Servo Motor -> d) Direct Current Control
 3.38 Hydraulic Drive -> e) Fluid-based Power
 3.39 Reciprocating Ball Bushes -> a) Reduces Linear Friction
 3.40 Supports Spindle Motion -> b) Spindle Bearings

3.41 - 3.45

 3.41 Human Error -> c) Lack of Training

 3.42 Machine Fault -> d) Poor Maintenance
 3.43 Environmental Factor -> e) Improper Lighting
 3.44 Straight Contour -> a) Linear interpolation
 3.45 Circular Contour -> b) Circular interpolation