Information technology

PORTFOLIO
Name:- K. Sai. Aarush
Class:- 9th
Section:- A
Roll number:- 21
Topic:- Practicals
 Practical 1
Digital documentation
2. Applying editing features:-
To apply editing features in a word
processor, follow these steps:
I. Select Text: Highlight the text you
want to edit.
II. Format Options: Use the toolbar or
the Home tab to access formatting
options such as Font, Font Size, Font
Colour, Bold, Italics, or Underline.
III. Paragraph Formatting: Adjust
paragraph settings like alignment,
line spacing (e.g., double spacing),
and indentation using the Paragraph
settings in the toolbar.
IV. Spell Check: Use the spell check
feature to review and correct any
spelling or grammatical errors.
V. Track Changes: If collaborating,
enable Track Changes to monitor
edits made by you or others.
 Editing
Procedure to use
Function
Click the I-Beam
cursor at the point to
Inserting
insert, and type in the
text to be inserted.
Double click OVR on
the Status Bar at the
bottom of the screen.
Type text. Double click
OVR to end overtyping
Overtyping or press Insert on the
keyboard to begin
overtyping, press
Insert again to end
overtyping.
New Press the Enter key
Paragrap twice after the end of
h the previous text.
Join Place cursor at the
Paragrap end of the first
hs paragraph and
press Delete twice or
 place cursor at the
beginning of the
second paragraph and
press Backspace twic
e. Press
the Spacebar.
Delete Press the Delete key.
to right (Ctrl + Delete deletes
of cursor a word to the right).
Press
Delete the Backspace key.
to left of (Ctrl + Backspace
cursor deletes a word to the
left).
Delete a Place the cursor on
blank the blank line and
line press Delete.
Insert a Place the cursor where
blank you want the new line
line and press Enter.
Undo Click the Undo button
last or click the Edit menu
action then select Undo.
Click the Redo button
Redo to redo the last
last “Undo” or click the
“Undo” Edit menu then select
Redo.
Typing
Replaces Select (highlight) text
Selectio and type in new text.
n
Select the second part
of the text to be
swapped. Click
Transpos
the Edit menu, then
e
click Cut. Click the
text (swa
cursor where you want
p)
the text to be placed.
Click the Edit menu,
then click Paste.
 Practical 2
Digital Documentation
6.Understanding and apply mail
merge:-
A "mail merge" in a word processor is
a feature that allows you to
create a batch of personalized
documents, like letters or labels,
by combining a standard
template with data from an
external list (like an Excel
 spreadsheet), automatically
inserting relevant information
like names and addresses into
each document, effectively
creating multiple individualized
documents with the same basic
structure.

Key points about mail merge:

 Components:
o Main document: The template
letter where you insert
placeholders (merge fields) for
personalized data.
o Data source: The external list
containing the recipient
information (names, addresses,
etc.) usually stored in a
spreadsheet.
o Merged document: The final
personalized document created
by combining the main document
with data from the data source.
 How to use mail merge:
1. Open your Word document
and start the mail merge:
Navigate to the "Mailings" tab and
click "Start Mail Merge".
2. Choose document type: Select
the type of document you want to
create (letter, email, label,
envelope).
3. Select recipients:
o Click "Select Recipients".
o Choose "Use an Existing List" if
you have a prepared data source
(like an Excel file).
o Select your data source file and
choose the relevant columns
containing recipient information.
4. Insert merge fields:
o In your main document, place the
cursor where you want each piece
of personalized information to
appear.
 o Go to the "Mailings" tab and click
"Insert Merge Field".
o Select the corresponding data
field from your data source (like
"First Name", "Last Name",
"Address").
Example use cases:
 Sending personalized marketing
emails: Create a standard email
template with merge fields for
recipient names and then pull data
from a customer list to send
individual emails.
 Generating personalized thank
you letters: Design a thank you
letter template and use a list of
donor names and donation amounts
to create separate letters for each
donor.
 Printing mailing labels: Create a
label template with merge fields for
addresses and use a contact list to
print labels for a mailing campaign.
 Practical 3
Electronic spreadsheet
2. Apply Formula and functions in
spreadsheet:-
Introduction
Spreadsheets are powerful tools used
for data management, calculations, and
analysis. The ability to apply formulas
and functions enhances their utility,
allowing users to automate calculations
and process data efficiently. In this
portfolio, we will explore various
spreadsheet formulas and functions,
their applications, and practical
examples.
Theory
1. Understanding Formulas
A formula in a spreadsheet is an
expression that performs calculations
using values, cell references, operators,
and functions. Formulas always begin
with an equal sign (=).
Example:
= A1 + B1
This formula adds the values in cells A1
and B1.
2. Common Operators in Formulas
Operat Examp
Description
or le
=A1+B
+ Addition
1
- Subtraction =A1-B1
Multiplicatio =A1*B
*
n 1
Operat Examp
Description
or le
/ Division =A1/B1
Exponentiati =A1^B
^
on 1
3. Functions in Spreadsheets
Functions are predefined formulas that
perform specific calculations. Some
commonly used functions include:
 SUM: Adds a range of numbers.
 =SUM(A1:A5)
 AVERAGE: Calculates the mean of a
range.
 =AVERAGE(A1:A5)
 IF: Performs a conditional check.
 =IF(A1>50, "Pass", "Fail")
 VLOOKUP: Searches for a value in a
column and returns corresponding
data.
 =VLOOKUP(101, A2:C10, 2, FALSE)
  HLOOKUP: Similar to VLOOKUP but
searches in rows.
 =HLOOKUP("Product", A1:D3, 2,
FALSE)
 LEFT, RIGHT, MID: Extracts parts of
text.
 =LEFT(A1, 5)
 LEN: Returns the number of
characters in a cell.
 =LEN(A1)
 CONCATENATE (or CONCAT): Joins
text values.
 =CONCAT(A1, " ", B1)
Practical Exercises
Exercise 1: Basic Arithmetic
Operations
Task: Calculate the total marks
obtained by students.
Stude Mat Scien Engli
Total
nt h ce sh
John 78 85 90 =B2+C2+
Stude Mat Scien Engli
Total
nt h ce sh
D2
=B3+C3+
Emma 88 76 92
D3
Exercise 2: Using SUM and
AVERAGE
Task: Find the sum and average
sales of five months.
Month Sales
Jan 10000
Feb 15000
Mar 12000
Apr 13000
May 14000
Total =SUM(B2:B6)
Avera =AVERAGE(B2:B6
ge )
Exercise 3: Using IF Function
Task: Determine pass or fail for
students.
Stude Mark
Result
nt s
=IF(B2>=50, "Pass",
Alex 45
"Fail")
=IF(B3>=50, "Pass",
Sarah 67
"Fail")
Exercise 4: Using VLOOKUP
Task: Fetch product price based on
Product ID.
Product Pric
Product Name
ID e
5000
101 Laptop
0
2000
102 Phone
0
1500
103 Tablet
0
Search
101
Product ID:
=VLOOKUP(101, A2:C4,
Price:
3, FALSE)
Conclusion
Using formulas and functions in
spreadsheets simplifies calculations,
enhances data management, and
automates tasks. By mastering these
concepts, users can efficiently analyse
and manipulate large datasets.

Practical 4
Digital Presentation
2. Creating a Presentation

1. Introduction
A presentation is a structured way of
conveying information to an audience
using visual and verbal communication.
Effective presentations are essential in
academics, business, and various
professional settings.
2. Importance of a Well-Designed
Presentation
 Helps in better understanding and
retention of information.
 Engages the audience effectively.
 Enhances professionalism.
 Improves communication skills.
3. Software and Tools for Creating
Presentations
 Microsoft PowerPoint – Most
widely used tool with advanced
features.
 Google Slides – Cloud-based, easy
collaboration.
 Canva – User-friendly with beautiful
templates.
 Prezi – Non-linear presentations with
engaging animations.
4. Steps to Create a Presentation
Step 1: Planning
 Define the purpose of the
presentation.
 Identify the target audience.
 Outline key points and structure.
Step 2: Designing Slides
 Choose a clean and readable
template.
 Maintain consistency in fonts, colors,
and alignment.
Step 3: Adding Content
 Use bullet points for clarity.
 Avoid excessive text; keep it concise.
 Highlight key points with bold or
color.
Step 4: Using Multimedia Elements
 Images: Add relevant visuals to
support content.
 Videos: Use short clips to enhance
understanding.
  Charts & Graphs: Represent data
visually.
 Animations & Transitions: Keep
them minimal and professional.
Step 5: Final Review and Practice
 Recheck for errors (grammar,
spelling, consistency).
 Practice delivering the presentation
confidently.
 Ensure all multimedia elements work
correctly.
5. Practical Examples with Images
Example 1: Slide Layout
Image 1: Basic Slide Layout (Title,
Content, Image)
Example 2: Using Charts
Image 2: Pie Chart Representing
Data
Example 3: Proper Use of Fonts and
Colors
Image 3: A well-formatted slide vs.
a cluttered slide
Example 4: Adding Transitions
Image 4: Example of smooth slide
transitions
6. Conclusion
Creating an effective presentation
requires planning, good design, and
clear communication. Using the right
tools and following best practices can
help deliver an impactful message to
the audience.
 Practical 5
Digital Presentation
4. Format text and apply animations

Introduction
Presentations are an essential tool for
conveying information effectively.
Formatting text and applying animations
enhance the visual appeal and
engagement of the audience. This
portfolio covers theoretical concepts and
practical steps for formatting text and
applying animations in presentations.

1. Formatting Text in Presentations

1.1 Importance of Text Formatting
 Enhances readability and clarity.
 Highlights key points effectively.
 Creates a professional and organized
look.
1.2 Common Text Formatting
Options
 Font Style & Size: Choose
appropriate fonts (e.g., Arial, Calibri,
Times New Roman) for readability.
 Bold, Italics, and Underline:
Emphasize key points.
 Colour & Highlighting: Use
contrasting colours to make text
stand out.
 Alignment & Spacing: Left, centre,
right, or justified alignment.
  Bullets & Numbering: Organizes
information for clarity.
1.3 Practical Steps to Format Text
in PowerPoint
1. Open Microsoft PowerPoint and
create a new slide.
2. Click on the text box and type the
desired text.
3. Select the text and go to the
"Home" tab.
4. Use font settings to adjust size,
color, bold, italics, or underline.
5. Use "Align Text" options for
proper alignment.
6. Click on "Bullets" or "Numbering"
for better organization.
Example Image:

2. Applying Animations in
Presentations
2.1 Importance of Animations
 Keeps the audience engaged.
  Helps in step-by-step explanation.
 Makes the presentation visually
appealing.
2.2 Types of Animations in
PowerPoint
 Entrance Effects: Fade, Appear,
Fly-in, etc.
 Emphasis Effects: Spin, Grow,
Pulse, etc.
 Exit Effects: Disappear, Fly-out, etc.
 Motion Paths: Custom animations
to move objects along a path.
2.3 Practical Steps to Apply
Animations
1. Select the text or object you want
to animate.
2. Go to the "Animations" tab.
3. Choose an animation effect from
the options.
4. Click on "Effect Options" to
modify direction and style.
 5. Adjust the "Duration" and "Delay"
for smooth transitions.
6. Use "Animation Pane" to manage
multiple animations.
Example Image:

3. Combining Text Formatting and

Animations
1. Format text using font styles,
colours, and alignment.
2. Apply animations to emphasize
key points.
3. Use transition effects between
slides for smooth flow.
4. Ensure consistency in fonts and
animation speed.
Example Image:

Conclusion
Formatting text and applying animations
enhance the effectiveness of
presentations. Proper use of these
techniques ensures clarity, engagement,
and professionalism. By following the
practical steps outlined, users can
create impactful presentations.