The document outlines key learning targets in AP Psychology Unit Five, focusing on health psychology, stress, and coping mechanisms. It explains how stress affects behavior and mental processes, the physiological responses to stress, and the impact of various stressors. Additionally, it discusses psychological disorders, their symptoms, and treatment approaches, emphasizing the importance of understanding individual and cultural differences in coping strategies.
The document outlines key learning targets in AP Psychology Unit Five, focusing on health psychology, stress, and coping mechanisms. It explains how stress affects behavior and mental processes, the physiological responses to stress, and the impact of various stressors. Additionally, it discusses psychological disorders, their symptoms, and treatment approaches, emphasizing the importance of understanding individual and cultural differences in coping strategies.
The document outlines key learning targets in AP Psychology Unit Five, focusing on health psychology, stress, and coping mechanisms. It explains how stress affects behavior and mental processes, the physiological responses to stress, and the impact of various stressors. Additionally, it discusses psychological disorders, their symptoms, and treatment approaches, emphasizing the importance of understanding individual and cultural differences in coping strategies.
The document outlines key learning targets in AP Psychology Unit Five, focusing on health psychology, stress, and coping mechanisms. It explains how stress affects behavior and mental processes, the physiological responses to stress, and the impact of various stressors. Additionally, it discusses psychological disorders, their symptoms, and treatment approaches, emphasizing the importance of understanding individual and cultural differences in coping strategies.
Physical Health AP Psychology Unit Five Learning Target Checklist ● Explain how health psychology addresses issues of physical health and wellness as they apply to behavior and mental processes. ● Explain how stress applies to behavior and mental processes. ● Explain how reactions to stress apply to behavior and mental processes. ● Explain how the ways that people cope with stress applies to behavior and mental processes. ● Explain how positive psychology approaches the study of behavior and mental processes. ● Explain how positive subjective experiences apply to behavior and mental processes. ● Describe the approaches used to define behaviors and mental processes as psychological disorders. ● Explain how psychological perspectives define psychological disorders. ● Explain how interaction models define psychological disorders. ● Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected neurodevelopmental disorders. ● Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected schizophrenic spectrum disorders. ● Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected depressive disorders. ● Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected bipolar disorders. ● Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected anxiety disorders. ● Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected obsessive-compulsive disorders and related disorders. ● Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected dissociative disorders. ● Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected trauma and stressor-related disorders. ● Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected feeding and eating disorders. ● Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected personality disorders. ● Describe research and trends in the treatment of psychological disorders. ● Describe ethical principles in the treatment of psychological disorders. ● Describe techniques used with psychological therapies. ● Explain how group therapy is different from individual therapy. ● Describe effective uses of hypnosis. ● Describe interventions derived from the biological perspective. Today’s learning targets
Explain how health psychology addresses issues of physical
health and wellness as they apply to behavior and mental processes.
Explain how stress applies to behavior and mental processes.
Explain how reactions to stress apply to behavior and mental
processes.
Explain how the ways that people cope with stress applies to behavior and mental processes. K: Health psychology studies how behavior, thoughts, and emotions affect physical health. Stress impacts both the body and mind, influencing emotions and actions. People react to stress in different ways, from staying calm to feeling overwhelmed. Coping strategies help manage stress and improve mental well-being.
U: Recognize how stress affects health and daily life.
See how different people react to stress. Learn which coping methods are helpful or harmful. KUDLI Do: Identify personal stressors and how they affect you. Know, Understand, Do, Language, Observe your own stress reactions. Try different coping strategies like deep breathing or exercise. International Mindedness L: See vocab list
I: Different cultures have unique ways of handling stress.
Some focus on individual coping, while others rely on family and community. Learn from global approaches like mindfulness or social support systems. 5.1 Introduction to Health Psychology a subfield of psychology that provides psychology’s contribution to behavioral medicine
Health Psychology Physical health
Wellness Stress a physiological and psychological response to challenges or demands that exceed an individual's coping abilities. It involves the activation of the body's stress response system, including the release of hormones like adrenaline and cortisol, which prepare the body to react to perceived threats or pressures. Stress does not cause illnesses or diseases, but by altering our immune functioning it may make us more vulnerable What is stress? to them and influence their progression.
Stress is the process of appraising and
responding to a threatening or challenging event. Stress can take many forms, known as stressors: ● Catastrophes - unpredictable large-scale events, such as natural disasters ● Significant Life Changes - moving, marriage, divorce, pregnancy, death of a loved one ● Daily Hassles - traffic, dead cell phone, no Wifi, strained budgets, deadlines Stressors Eustress: positive stress that motivates individuals to achieve goals, improve performance, and enhance well-being Distress: negative stress that exceeds an individual's ability to cope effectively, leading to feelings of anxiety, frustration, or overwhelm • Traumatic • Daily hassles Appraisal Model Stress & Conflict
Conflict is perceived as an incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas.
● Approach-approach conflict: occurs when you must choose between two desirable outcomes. ● Avoidance-avoidance conflict: occurs when you must choose between two unattractive outcomes. ● Approach-avoidance conflict: exists when one event or goal has both attractive and unattractive features. ● Multiple approach-avoidance conflicts: here you must choose between two or more things, each of which has both desirable and undesirable features. Adverse Childhood Abuse Experiences Neglect (ACEs) Household
challenges Hans Selye & General Adaptation Syndrome Hans Selye’s studies of animals’ reactions to various stressors, such as electric shock and surgery, helped make stress a major concept in both psychology and medicine. Selye proposed that the body’s adaptive response to stress is so general that, like a single burglar alarm, it sounds, no matter what intrudes. He named this response the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), and he saw it as a three-phase process. Let’s say you suffer a physical or an emotional trauma: ● In Phase 1, you have an alarm reaction , as your sympathetic nervous system is suddenly activated. Your heart rate zooms. Blood is diverted to your skeletal muscles. You feel the faintness of shock. With your resources mobilized, you are now ready to fight back. ● During Phase 2, resistance , your temperature, blood pressure, and respiration remain high. Your adrenal glands pump hormones into your bloodstream. You are fully engaged, summoning all your resources to meet the challenge. As time passes, with no relief from stress, your body’s reserves begin to dwindle. ● You have reached Phase 3, exhaustion . With exhaustion, you become more vulnerable to illness or even, in extreme cases, collapse and death. Impact of Stress Although the human body copes well with temporary stress, prolonged stress can damage it. Severe childhood stress gets under the skin, leading to greater adult stress responses and disease risk. The brain’s production of new neurons also slows and some neural circuits degenerate. One study found shortened telomeres (DNA pieces at the ends of chromosomes) in those who suffered severe childhood stressors. Telomere shortening is a normal part of the aging process; when telomeres get too short, the cell can no longer divide and it ultimately dies. Severe stress seems to prematurely age people. Facing stress, women may have a tend-and-befriend response(providing or gaining support from others), while men may withdraw socially, turn to alcohol, or become aggressive. Why are some people more prone to coronary heart disease than others? ● Coronary heart disease, the United States’ number one cause of death, has been linked with the competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and (especially) anger-prone Type A personality. ● Compared with relaxed, easygoing Type B personalities, who are less likely to experience heart disease, Type A people secrete more stress hormones. ● Catharsis (release of aggressive energy to relieve pent up frustration) doesn’t work to reduce the anger that can be so harmful to our health, but waiting, distracting, and distancing do. ● Chronic stress also contributes to persistent inflammation, which is associated with heart and other health problems, including depression. Type A/B test - if you are curious Interesting Video about Type A personalities Tend-and-Befriend Theory Tending to needs
Connection with others
Problem-Focused Coping Solution Emotion-Focused Coping Deep breathing
