SWARNA BHARATHI INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

LAB MANUAL

ELECTRICAL MACHINES – II LAB

CLASS : II B TECH II SEM

SEMESTER : II SEM

SUBJECT CODE : EE408PC

REGULATION : R-22

SUBJECT : ELECTRICAL MACHINES – II LAB

 SYLLABUS

1. Sumpner’s test on a pair of single phase transformers.

2. No-load & Blocked rotor tests on three phase Induction motor.
3. Regulation of a three –phase alternator by synchronous impedance & m.m.f. methods.
4. V and Inverted V curves of a three-phase synchronous motor.
5. Equivalent Circuit of a single phase induction motor.
6. Determination of Xd and Xq of a salient pole synchronous machine.
7. Brake test on three phase Induction Motor.
8. Regulation of three-phase alternator by Z.P.F. and A.S.A methods.
9. Load test of a three-phase alternator.
10. Scott connection of transformers.
11. Parallel operation of Single phase Transformers

CYCLE-I

1. Brake test on three phase Induction Motor.

2. Sumpner’s test on a pair of single phase transformers.
3. 2. No-load & Blocked rotor tests on three phase Induction motor
4. Equivalent Circuit of a single phase induction motor
5. Parallel operation of Single phase Transformers

CYCLE-II

1. Determination of Xd and Xq of a salient pole synchronous machine

2. Regulation of three-phase alternator by Z.P.F. and A.S.A methods.
3. Load test of a three-phase alternator.
4. Scott connection of transformers.
5. Regulation of a three –phase alternator by synchronous impedance & m.m.f. methods
6. V and Inverted V curves of a three-phase synchronous motor
 EXPERIMENT-1

SUMPNER’S TEST ON A PAIR OF SINGLE PHASE

TRANSFORMERS
 SUMPNER’S TEST ON 1-PHASE TRANSFORMER

AIM: (i) To conduct sumpner’s test on two identical single phase transformers.
(ii) To find out the iron loss, copper loss and the efficiency of each transformer.

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

1-PHASE TRANSFORMER
S.No. NAME RATING

1 Power

2 Voltage

3 Frequency

4 Taps On H.V

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
S.No. NAME TYPE RANGE QUANTITY

1 Voltmeter MI (0-30)V 1
(0-300)V 1

2 Ammeter MI (0-2.5)A 1
(0-20)A 1

3 Variac - (0-20)A 1

4 Wattmeter Dynamometer 300V,5A,LPF 1

type 75V,10A,UPF 1
PROCEDURE:
OC TEST:
1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram.
2. Set the autotransformer at low voltage position.
3. Switch on the low voltage side auto transformer.
4. Apply rated voltage by adjusting the auto transformer.
5. Note the values of applied voltage, current and power readings is given by wattmeter.
6. The readings of wattmeter will give the iron losses.

SC TEST:
1. Close the DPST switch
2. Switch ON the supply 1-phase,50hz,230v on secondary side of the transformer
3. By slowly varying the 1-phase auto t/f till the rated current is reached
4. Now take the voltage voltmeter(v1&v2),ammeter(A1&A2),W1&W2 respectively
5. Switch OFF the supply

PRECAUTIONS:
(i) Connections must be made tight
(ii) Before making or breaking the circuit, supply must be switched off.

OBSERVATIONS:
O.C TEST
S.NO. Vo (V) Io (A) Wo(W)

S. C TEST:

S.NO. VSC (V) ISC (A) WSC(W)

MODEL GRAPHS: PLOTS DRAWN BETWEEN

(i) % Efficiency Vs Output

(ii) % Regulation Vs Power Factor
MODEL CALCULATIONS:
Find the equivalent circuit parameters R0, X0, R01, R02, X01 and X02 from the O. C. and S. C.
test results and draw the equivalent circuit referred to L. V. side as well as H. V. side.

Let the transformer be the step-down transformer

Primary is H. V. side.
Secondary is L. V. side

cos 0 = =

Sin 0 =

R 
V00 = Where Iw = I0 cos 0
Iw

X0 
V0 = Where Im = I0 sin 0

Im

WSC
R  
02 2
I sc
V
Z02  I SC
SC

2 2
X 02  Z 01  R 01 =

X01  K2 V2
X 02
= Where K 1 Transformation ratio.

R  K = V1
2
R
01 02 =
CALCULATIONS OF EFFICIENCY AND REGULATION
For example at ½ full load
Cupper losses = Wsc x (1/2)2 watts, where WSC = full – load cupper losses

Constant losses = Wi watts

Output = ½ KVA x cos  [cos  may be assumed]
Input = output + Cu. Loss + constant loss

%
efficiency 
Output x 100

Input

Efficiency at any load =

Regulation:

From open circuit

% Re gulation I1 R01 cos   I1 X 01 sin

 x 100

V1

‘+’ for lagging power factors

‘-‘ for leading power factors

FOR S.C. TEST:

Regulation: From Short circuit test

% Re gulation I2 cos   I 2 X sin

  x 100
R02 02

V2
EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT:

REGULATION MODEL GRAPH:

TABULAR FORM
S.No. Load Cu.loss Output Input % S.N. Load Cu.loss Output Input %
(W) (W)
(W) (W) (W) (W)

1. ¼F.L. ¼F.L.

2. ½F.L. ½F.L.

3. ¾F.L. ¾F.L.

4. F.L. F.L.

Lagging Pf Leading Pf

S.N. P.F. % Reg. S. N. P. F. % Reg.

1. 0.3 1. 0.

2. 0.4 2. 0.4

3. 0.5 3. 0.5

4. 0.6 4. 0.6

5. 0.7 5. 0.7

6. 0.8 6. 0.8

7. Unity 7. Unity

RESULT:
 EXPERIMENT NO -2
NO-LOAD AND BLOCKED ROTOR TEST ON 3-
PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR NO LOAD TEST:

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR BLOCKED ROTOR TEST:

 NO-LOAD AND BLOCKED ROTOR TEST ON 3-PHASE
INDUCTION MOTOR
AIM: To draw the equivalent circuit of a 3 phase induction motor and construct the circle diagram
by conducting No-load and blocked rotor tests.

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

S.No. NAME RATINGS

1 Power

2 Voltage

3 Current

4 Phase

5 Frequency

6 Speed

APPARATUS:
S.No. NAME OF THE TYPE RANGE QUANTITY
EQUIPMENT

1 Voltmeter MI 0-150V 1

0-600V 1

2 Ammeter MI 0-5A 1

3 Wattmeter - 600V/5A,LPF 2

150V/10A,UPF 2

4 Tachometer - - 1
PROCEDURE:
NO LOAD TEST:

1. Connect the no load circuit as per the circuit diagram.

2. Close the DPST and start the motor with the help of DOL starter.
3. Note the voltage ,no load current, power in wattmeter.
4. Switch off the starter and open the DPST.

BLOKED ROTOR TEST:

1. Connect the blocked rotor circuit as per the circuit diagram.
2. Keep the autotransformer at minimum position and blocked the rotor by lightening the belt
over the pulley.
3. Close the DPST and apply the rated current by increasing voltage with the help of
autotransformer.
4. Note down the voltage, load current, power in wattmeter.
5. Minimize the auto transformer and open the DPST.

MEASUREMENT OF STATOR RESISTANCE

1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram shown in fig (2).
2. Keeping rheostat in maximum resistance position switch on the 220 V Dc supply.
3. Using volt-ammeter method measure the resistance of the stator winding.
4. After finding the stator resistance, Rdc must be multiplied with 1.6 so as to account
for skin effect i.e. Rac = 1.6 Rdc.
OBSERVATION:

No load test

S.No. Voltage(v) Current(I0) POWER(W1) POWER(W2) Total power

W0=W1+W2

Blocked rotor test

S.No. Voltage(Vsc) Current(ISC) Power(W1) POWER(W2) Total power

WSC=W1+W2

CONSTRUCTION OF CIRCLE DIAGRAM:

1. Draw a line representing the applied voltage per phase V1.
2. Draw the no load current I0 at the no load power factor angle ( )0 with the reference phasor VI
current scale may be suitably chosen, keeping in mind the short-circuit current at rated
voltage.
3. Draw short-circuit or blocked rotor current corresponding to the rated phase voltage at power
factor angle ( )b with the ret phasor V1.
4. Join AB , which represents the output line of the rotor.
5. Draw the horizontal line AF and erect a perpendicular bisector on the output line, so O1 as
center and AO1 as the radius, draw the semi circle ABF.
6. Draw the vertical line from the point B , So as to meet the line AF at the point D .Drive the
line BD in the ratio of rotor copper losses to stator copper losses at point E.
i. e, BE/DE=rotor copper losses/stator copper losses
CALCULATIONS:
1. No load power factor=PNL/square root of [3VBLINL]

2. Blocked rotor power factor=PBL/square root of [3VBLIBL]

From no load test

1. G0=W0/3V 02

2. Y0=I0/V0

3. B0=square root[Y02-G02]

From blocked rotor test

1.Z01=VSC/ISC

2.R01=WSC/3ISC2

3.X01=square root[Z012-R 2] 01

For circle diagram

1.Cos( )0=W0/square root[3]V0I0=WSC/square root[3]VSCISC

2.ISN=ISC*(V0/VSC)

3.WSN=WSC*(V0/VSC)2

PRECAUTIONS:

1. Loose connections should be avoided.

2. Operate the instruments carefully.
3. Load currents should not be exceeding beyond their rating.

RESULT:
QUESTIONS:

1. Explain why the locus of the induction motor current is a circle.

2. What is the difference between the transformer equivalent circuit and induction motor
equivalent circuit?

3. What are the reasons in conducting no-load test with rated voltage and blocked-rotor test
with rated current?

4. Why do you choose LPF wattmeter in load test and hpf wattmeter in blocked rotor test?

5. How do you reverse the direction of rotation of induction motor?

6. What are the various applications of this motor?

 EXPERIMENT NO -3
REGULATION OF 3-PHASE ALTERNATOR BY SYNCHRONOUS
IMPEDENCE AND MMF METHOD
 REGULATION OF 3-PHASE ALTERNATOR BY SYNCHRONOUS
IMPEDENCE AND MMF METHOD
AIM: To predetermine the regulation of an alternator by

a) Synchronous impedance method and

b) MMF method

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

S.NO. DC SHUNT MOTOR 3 PHASE ALTERNATOR

PARAMETER UNITS PARAMETER UNITS

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

S.NO EQUIPMENT TYPE RANGE QUANTITY

1 Ammeter MC (0-25)A 1

2 Ammeter MI (0-5)A 1

3 Voltmeter MI (0-600)V 1

4 Rheostat - - 1

5 Tachometer Digital - 1

PROCEDURE:

1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram, start the alternator with the help of prime
mover (DC shunt motor) and adjust speed to the synchronous speed. The speed of the
alternator is to be kept constant throughout the experiment.
2. Excite the field winding alternator keeping armature open .
3. Note down the terminals voltage at different value of field currents.
 4. Draw the gram a of armature voltage Vs field current to get open circuit characteristic
(OCC) of the alternator.
5. Close the TPST switch.
6. Excite the field winding of the alternator till the rated current flows through the armature.
7. Note down all meter readings.
8. Draw the graph of the short circuit current Vs field current to get the short
circuit characteristics (SCC)
9. Obtain the synchronous impendence corresponding to the rated voltage ZS = VOC/ISC =IF
constant.
10. Measure the armature resistance per phase by drop method the A.C resistance will be 20%
more than DC resistance Ra=1.2 Ohm DC.
11. Calculate the synchronous reactance XS= SQ Root of Z S2-R ac2
12. Calculate the generated EMF with full load at a power factor.
13. E=[(VcosФ+IRa)2 (VsinФ+IXS)2]1/2
14. Positive sign for lagging power factor and Negative sign for leading power factor
15. Calculate full load regulation at different power factor
16. Draw the graph of regulation Vs power factor

TABULAR FORM:

OCC METHOD SCC METHOD

S.No. V(V) IF(A) S.No. IF(A) IA(A) ISC(A)

 CALCULATIONS:

MODEL GRAPH:

RESULT:
 EXPERIMENT NO - 4
V AND INVERTED V CURVES OF 3-PHASE
SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
 V AND INVERTED V CURVES OF 3-PHASE SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

AIM: To draw the V and inverted V-curves of synchronous motor

APPARATUS:

S.NO NAME RANGE TYPE QUANTITY

1 Ammeter (0-25)A MI 1

2 Ammeter (0-20A)/3A MI 2

3 Voltmeter (0-600)/300V MI 3

4 Wattmeter (0-300)W MC 1

5 Rheostat (290Ω/12A) - 1

6 Tachometer - Digital 1

PROCEDURE:

1. Connection are made as per diagram.

2. Ensuring minimum resistance in If of DC supply is switch ON.
3. Using 3-point starter , the rotor is started and brought to rated speed.
4. The alternator is bought to rated voltage.
5. Keeping the synchronous open 3-phase supply to alternator is ON and following observation
are made on the synchronous board.
6. The voltage of alternator is adjusted. to supply voltage
7. Speed of alternator is adjusted such that bulbs glow and become dark slow.
8. At constant ,when bulbs has no glow,switch is closed.
9. The supply is supplied to alternator and DC motor this condition is floating condition.
10. DC motor supply is switched OFF ,so that it acts as generator and alternator as motor.
11. The excitation increases then it has loading P.F and if excitation decreases then it has
lagging.
12. Without load on generator of value for both lag and lead PF is verified.
13. A graph is plotted between If/Ia and Pf Vs If.

PRECAUTIONS:
1. There should not be any load on the motor.
2. Initially the field current should be adjusted to rated value.
3. The direction of the rotation of the rotor should be in proper direction only.
4. If Ia value is increased more than rated value, then it should be brought to rated value by
adjusting the field current.
5. The I/P voltage should be kept constant through out the experiment.
6. After completion of the experiment only 3-phase supply should be disconnected first
and then DC supply.

TABULAR
FORM:
FULL LOAD

(A)
f a (A) POWER(W) Cos(ф)

NO LOAD

(A)
f a(A) POWER(W) Cos(ф)

FORMULA:

COSф1 =W0/√3VaIa
MODEL GRAPH:

RESULT:
 EXPERIMENT NO-5
EQUIVALENT OF A SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR NO-LOAD TEST:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR BLOCKED ROTOR TEST:
EQUIVALENT OF A SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
AIM : To conduct OC & SC tests on the given 1-Induction motor and to determine its equivalent
circuit parameters.
.

NAME PLATE DETAILS :

1Φ- INDUCTION MOTOR

S.NO. NAME RATING

1 Power

2 Voltage

3 Current

4 Phase

5 Frequency

6 Speed

APPARATUS REQUIRED :
S.NO. NAME TYPE RANGE QUANTITY

1. Voltmeter MI 0-300V 1

2. Ammeter MI 0-10A 1

3. Wattmeter MI 300V ,5A UPF 1

MI 150V ,10A LPF 1

PROCEDURE :
NO LOAD TEST:

1. Connect the no load circuit as per the circuit diagram.

2. Close the DPST & Start the motor with the help of DOL starter without load.

3. Note down the No load voltage , No load current and Power .

4. Switch off the starter and open the DPST.

BLOCKED MOTOR TEST:

1. Connect the blocked motor circuit as per the circuit diagram.

2. Keep the auto transformer at minimum position and blocked the motor.

3. Close the DPST & Apply the rated current by increasing voltage.

4. Note down the voltage, load current ,power .

5. Minimize the auto transformer & open the DPST.

CALCULATIONS :
NO LOAD TEST:

1. Iron losses (W0) = [V0I0 cos(φ) ]watts

2.Cos(φ) = W0/(V0I0)

3.Iron component = Iw = I0 cos( φ) Amp

4.Magnetizing current Im = I0 sin(φ) Amp

5.Loss component R0 = (V0 / I0 ) Ohms 6.Magnetizing

reactance Xm =( V0 / Im) Ohms BLOCKED

MOTOR TEST:

1. Equivalent impedance ZEq = (VSC / ISC) Ohms

2. Total resistance Req = (WSC / ISC2) Ohms

3. Leakage reactance Xeq = square root of (Zeq2 – Req2)

PRECAUTIONS :
1) The Dimmerstat should be kept at minimum O/P position initially.
2) In the rotor-blocked test, the rotor should be blocked firmly.
3) In SC test, the Dimmerstat should be varied slowly such that current should not exceed the
rated value.
4) If the wattmeter shows negative deflection, then reverse either pressure coil or current coil &
take that reading as negative.

5) Loose connections should be avoided.

6) Load current should not be exceeding their rating.

OBSERVATIONS :
S.No. NO LOAD TEST BLOCKED MOTOR TEST

V0(V) I0(A) W0(W) VSC(V) ISC(A) WSC(W)

OBSERVATIONS:
O.C.Test:
V0 I0 W0

220 5.56 30x8=240

S.C. Test:
Vsc Isc Wsc

30 8.18 20X8=160

MODEL CALCULATIONS:
(A) No-load Test:

Power factor Cosφ = =

Sinφ =
Reactive component Ic =Io Cosφ
=
Magnetizing Component Im =Io Sinφ
=

Ro =

X0=

Ro1 =Rdc X 1.3

 =R0 X 1.3
=

Blocked Rotor Test:

Power factor Cosφ = =

Sinφ = 0.7583

R1e=

Z1e = X1e

=
=

X1 =

[ Where R1 = 1.1 to 1.3 ]

=
=

Xm/2 = Vo/Io Sinφ =[X1 + ]

=
EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT:

RESULT:
 EXPERIMENT NO - 6
DETERMINATION OF Xd AND Xq OF SALIENT
POLE SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE
 DETERMINATION OF Xd AND Xq OF SALIENT POLE
SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE
AIM: To determine Xd and Xq of salient pole type of synchronous machine

NAMEPLATE DETAILS:

S.No. DESCRIPTION D.C. SHUNT MOTOR 3-φ ALTERNATOR

1 Capacity

2 Voltage

3 Current

4 Speed

5 Frequency

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
S.No. NAME TYPE RANGE QUANTITY

1 Ammeter MC (0-25)A 1

2 Ammeter MI (0-7.5)A,(0-2.5)A 2

3 Voltmeter - 1

4 Rheostat - - 1

5 Tachometer - - 1

6 3-ф variac - (0-600)V , 290Ω/1.2A 1

7 3- ф alternator with prime Salient 3.3KVA/415V/1500RPM 1

mover
PROCEDURE:

1. Make connections as per the circuit diagram

2. Run the alternator through DC motor at near synchronous speed, keeping AC supply OFF
3. Note down field winding is to be kept open through out.
4. Keeping the variac output voltage at minimum connect the AC supply to variac.
5. Increase the variac output voltage so that a reasonable current passes through the armature .
6. If directions of rotation of rotor and stator fields are same then a slight adjustment of
speed causes significant oscillation of armature current
7. When ammeter shows below wide oscillations note Imax and Imin and corresponding voltages
vmin and vmax and calculate Xd & Xq
8. Using xd &xq the regulation of silent pole alternator at specified load condition can be
determined using appropriate phasor diagram .

PRECAUTIONS:
1. 1) Check the phase sequence of the machine with that of external supply before closing the
switches.
2. 2) Disconnect the excitation supply of the alternator while giving external supply.
3. 3) Slip should be made as small as possible.

TABULAR FORM:

S.No. Vph min Vph max Imin Imax Xd(Ω) Xq(Ω)

CALCULATIONS:

Xd = (max volts per phase/max current per phase)=(Vmax/Imin)

Xq = (min volts per phase/min current per phase)=(Vmin/Imax)

RESULT:
 EXPERIMENT NO-7
BRAKE TEST ON 3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :
 BRAKE TEST ON 3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
AIM: To perform the brake test on 3-phase slip ring induction motor and obtain its
performance characteristics.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

S.NO NAME TYPE RANGE QUANTITY

1. Wattmeter UPF (0-10)A/600V 1No.

2. Ammeter MC (0-10)A 1No.

3. Voltmeter MI (0-600)V 1No.

4. Tachometer Digital (0-1500)rpm 1No.

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

S.NO NAME RANGE

1. Voltage

2. Rated current

3. Rated power

4. Rated speed

PROCEDURE:
1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram.

2. Start the 3-phase induction motor on no load by means of 3-phase auto transformer.

3. Note down the meter readings and the speed at no load.

4. Apply brake by tightening the best of brake drum and note down the readings of the
meter spring balance and speed.

5. Repeat the above step-4 until motor draws F-L current

6. Calculate torque slip power factor for each readings.

7. Draw the performance curves of output vs efficiency, torque, speed, Ia ,Power factor on
graph sheet.
 OBSERVATION TABULAR FORM:

S.No. VL IL W1 W2 S1 S2 N T %S 0/P I/P EFFICIE

NCY

Where T=(S1-S2)*R+9.81 O/P=2∏NT/60 Slip=(NS-N)/NS

CALCULATIONS:

1. Power i/p= wattmeter readings x multiplying factor

2. Torque τ= w x g x r N-m

(Where r is the radius of the brake drum power o/p)

3. O/p Power = 2ΠNT/60 Watts

% = (NS-N)/NS x100
4. Cos Ф = R/ 3 VLIL

PRECAUTIONS:

1. There shouldn’t be any load on motor initially.

2. The brake drum should be filled with water to cool it.
3. If wattmeter shows negative deflection reverse either pc or CC and take that readings
are negative.
4. The rotor external resistance should be kept at maximum Position.
MODEL GRAPH:
A graph is drawn b/w output power, speed, torque, current, slip and efficiency.

RESULT:
 EXPERIMENT NO-8

REGULATION OF 3-PHASE ALTERNATOR BY ZPF AND ASA METHODS

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
REGULATION OF 3-PHASE ALTERNATOR BY ZPF AND ASA METHODS

AIM : To determine the regulation of a 3-phase alternator by ZPF and ASA method.

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

S.NO. MOTOR 3 PHASE ALTERNATOR

PARAMETER RATINGS PARAMETER RATINGS

1 RATED POWER

2 RATED
VOLTAGE

3 RATED
CURRENT

4 RATED SPEED

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

S.NO. EQUIPMENT TYPE RANGE QUANTITY

1 3-Phase alternator - - 1

2 Ammeter MC (0-15)A 1

3 Ammeter MI (0-5)A 1

4 Voltmeter MI (0-600)V 1

5 Tachometer Digital - 1
PRECAUTION:

1. The motor field rheostat should be kept in the minimum resistance position.
2. The Alternator field potential divider should be in the position of minimum potential.
3. Initially all switches are in open position.

PROCEDURE FOR BOTH POTIER AND ASA METHODS:

1. Note down the complete nameplate details of motor and alternator.

2. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
3. Switch on the supply by closing the DPST main switch.
4. Using the Three point starter, start the motor to run at the synchronous speed by varying the motor field
rheostat.
5. Conduct an Open Circuit Test by varying the Potential Divider for various values of Field current and
tabulate the corresponding Open circuit voltage readings.
6. Conduct a Short Circuit Test by closing the TPST knife switch and adjust the potential divider the set the
rated Armature current, tabulate the corresponding Field current.
7. Conduct a ZPF test by adjusting the potential divider for full load current passing through either an
inductive or capacitive load with zero power and tabulate the readings.
8. Conduct a Stator Resistance Test by giving connection as per the circuit diagram and tabulate the voltage
and Current readings for various resistive loads.

RESULT:
 EXPERIMENT NO -9

LOAD TEST ON THREE PHASE ALTERNATOR

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 LOAD TEST ON OF 3-PHASE ALTERNATOR
AIM: To determine the efficiency of a 3-phase alternator.

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

S.NO. MOTOR 3 PHASE ALTERNATOR

PARAMETER UNITS PARAMETER UNITS

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

S.NO EQUIPMENT TYPE RANGE QUANTITY

3-Phase alternator - - 1

1 Ammeter MC (0-1.5A/3A) 1

3 Voltmeter MC (0-600)V 1

4 Wattmeter - (0-5)A/600V 1

5 Tachometer Digital - 1

PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram.

2. Ensure that motor field Rheostat is minimum and alternator field rheostat is
maximum

3. Start the motor as with the help of starter and by adjusting motor field rheostat if rated
speed synchronous speed of machine.
 4. By smooth variation the field rheostat of the alternator is set at rated V/g(415V)
across any two phases.

5. Apply the different load current upto the rated current of the alternator of each step
each load current. Notedown the readings of Vac ,Idc , Vac, Iac,W1 , W2

6. By changing the rheostat get the rated voltage in alternator voltmeter.

7. By applying different loads note down the Vac ,Idc , Vac ,W1 , W2

CALCULATION:

Input Power = ( Vdc * Idc*0.82) Output

Power = (W1 + W2)

Efficiency = (Output Power/ Input Power)

OBSERVATION TABULAR FORM:

S.No. Load Vdc(V) Idc(A) I/P Vac(V) Iac(A) W1 W2

CALCULATION TABULAR FORM:

S.NO. INPUT OUTPUT EFFICIENCY

POWER POWER

RESULT:
 EXPERIMENT-10

SCOTT CONNECTION OF TRANSFORMERS

 SCOTT CONNECTION OF TRANSFORMERS

AIM:To verify the conversion of 3-phase to 2 1-phase of 90 degrees apart supplies and also verify the
primary current from the 1-phase side.

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

SCOTT TRANSFORMERS

Transformer rating

Rated Voltage

Taps on HV

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

Sl. No. Name of the Equipment Range Type Quantity

1 Transformer - 1-phase 2
,50%86.6%

2 Variac (0-470)V 3-phase 1

3 Transformer 230/110V 1-phase 1

4 Ammeter (0-10)A 5

5 VOltmeter
OBSERVATIONS:

Vin=101V

S.No. Va1a2(V) Vb1b2(V) Va2b2(V)

V1 = 3-φ Line Supply,V2 = 2-φ Phase Voltage,V3 = 2-φ Line Voltage

OBSERVATIONS (BALANCED LOAD):

S.No. LOAD(A) IA IB IC ia ib
MODEL PHASOR DIAGRAMS FOR SCOTT CONNECTION:

PROCEDURE:

1. Give all connections as per the circuit diagram.

2. Ensure the 3-phase variac and switch ON main supply
3. Increase the variac voltage or output voltage to 200V line to line.
4. Measure the 1-phase voltage on L.V side.
5. By shorting a1,b1 to be shorted ,measure the voltage across a2,b2 and verify the scott
connection tapping.
6. Reduce the variac voltage to zero and connect the loads to each 1-phase as shown in figure.
7. Apply rated voltage in each winding through 3-phase variac to 3-phase side.
8. Note down the voltage and currents on 3-phase side and 1-phase side.
9. Vary the values of V & I at each step.
10. Take around a half of a dozen readings.
11. Verify the 3-phase and measure the values of voltage and currents and represent in tabular
column.
12. Draw the vector diagram for any particular load.
PRECAUTIONS:
1) The Dimmerstat should be kept at minimum O/P position initially.
2) The Dimmerstat should be varied slowly & uniformly.
3) Rated voltage should be applied to the primary of the Transformer.

RESULT:
 EXPERIMENT NO 9
PARALLEL OPERATION OF SINGLE PHSE TRANSFORMERS
 PARALLEL OPERATION OF SINGLE PHSE TRANSFORMERS
AIM : To operate the given two 3KVA, 230/110V single phase Transformers in parallel and study
the load sharing between them when supplying resistive load .
NAME PLATE DETAILS :
TWO 1-Φ TRANSFORMERS

S.No. NAME RATING

1 Power 3KVA
2 No. of phases 1-PHASE
3 Voltage 230V
4 Frequency 50 Hz
5 Taps on HV 100% ,86.6%
50% ,25%

APPARATUS :
S.NO. NAME TYPE RANGE QUANTITY

1. 1-phase transformer - 3KVA 2

,230/110V
2. Voltmeter MI 0-600V , 1
0-300V 1
3. Ammeter MI 0-30A , 1
0-15A 1
4. Resistive Load - 0-150V/300V 2
230V ,20A

PROCEDURE :
1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram.

2. Keep the variac at minimum voltage position &switch on the supply.

3. Apply the small voltage & measure the voltage on LV & HV side.

4. Increase the load in steps & repeat.

5. Note the readings.

OBSERVATION TABLE
S.NO. VOLTAGE LOAD (Amp)
T1 T2(Amp) (Amp)
L

FORMULA :

IL = IT1 + IT2

CALCULATIONS:

PRECAUTIONS :
1. The transformers must have same voltage ratio.

2. The transformers must be connected with correct polarities.

3. Load current should not exceed beyond rating.

RESULT :