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1 Complex Numbers

The document provides an overview of complex numbers, including their definition, properties, and operations. It explains key concepts such as equality, addition, multiplication, conjugates, and polar form. Additionally, it covers the modulus and argument of complex numbers, along with relevant formulas and identities.

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villanytgaming94
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20 views1 page

1 Complex Numbers

The document provides an overview of complex numbers, including their definition, properties, and operations. It explains key concepts such as equality, addition, multiplication, conjugates, and polar form. Additionally, it covers the modulus and argument of complex numbers, along with relevant formulas and identities.

Uploaded by

villanytgaming94
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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« MATHS 2A 1

BABY BULLET-Q «

1. COMPLEX NUMBERS
(2 X 2) + (1 X 4) = 8 Marks

@IMP FORMULAS, KEY CONCEPTS?


1) A complex number is expressed in the form z=a+ib (or) (a, b) where a, b Î R, i 1
Here, a is called the real part of z and b is called the imaginary part of z.
2) A complex number is said to be (i) purely real if its imaginary part is zero.
(ii) purely imaginary if its real part is zero.

Q
3) Equality of complex numbers: a+ib=c+id Û a = c and b = d
4) If z1=a+ib, z2 = c+id then (i) z1+z2 = (a+c) + i(b+d)
(ii) z1.z2 = (a+ib) (c+id) = (ac–bd) + i(bc+ad); (a+ib)(c–id)=(ac+bd)+i(bc–ad)
T-
(iii)
z1
z2
a  ib
c  id
(a  ib)(c  id)
(c  id)(c  id)
§ ac  bd · § bc  ad ·
¨ 2 ¸  i¨ ¸
© c + d 2 ¹ © c2 + d 2 ¹
L E
Hints: (i) a i a ,a  R  (ii) (a  ib) 2 L (a 2  b 2 )  i2ab
1 i U 1 i 1
(iii) (a  ib)(a  ib) a 2  b 2
5) If z=a+ib then its (i) conjugate is z =a–ib
1 i
B
(iv) i (v)
1 i i
i

(ii) additive inverse is –z = –a–ib

Y 1 a  ib

B
1
(iii) Multiplicative inverse is z
a  ib a 2  b2

(iv) Modulus is |z| A (v) Arg z


§b·
Tan 1 ¨ ¸

B
a 2  b2
©a¹
§ ra r  a · , where r
6.1) The square root of a+bi when b>0 is a  ib r ¨¨ i ¸ a 2  b2
© 2 2 ¸¹
§ ra ra ·
6.2) The square root of a–bi when b>0 is a  ib r ¨¨ i ¸ , where r a 2  b2
© 2 2 ¸¹
7) Mod amp.form (or) polar form:
If z = x+iy then z=r(cosq+isinq) is called Mod-amplitude form, where
>

(i) Modulus=|z|= r x 2  y2 Arg (1) = 0;


i•
Arg (i)=p/2; 1
§ y· < • O • >
(ii) Amplitude= q = Tan 1 ¨ ¸ Î (-p,p] Arg (–1) = p; –1 • –i
©x¹
Arg (–i) = –p/2
<

8.1) If Arg z=q then Arg z  T


8.2) If Arg z1=q1 and Arg z2=q2 then (i) Arg (z1.z2)=q1+q2 (ii) Arg(z1/z2)=q1–q2
cisT1
9) cosq+isinq is simply written as cisq; (i) cisq1.cisq2=cis(q1+q2) (ii) cis(T1  T 2 )
cisT 2

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