8

Mathematics
Quarter 3 – Module 4
Triangle Congruence Postulates
Mathematics – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 4: Triangle Congruence Postulates

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Angelito Mara Bulala, MAED-MATH

Ethel Bernadas Canda, MAT-MATH

Editors: Julius Jotojot Igot, EdD

Kenneth Regene Barbarona Blasco, MAEM

Management Team: Bianito A. Dagatan EdD, CESO V

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Learning Competencies: Illustrates the SAS, ASA, and SSS congruence postulates (M8GE-IIId-e-1).

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

 identify included side/ included angle of a triangle;
 state and illustrate the SAS Postulate;
 state and illustrate the ASA Postulate and
 state and illustrate the SSS Postulate.

LESSON 1: SAS Congruence Postulate

What is it

Before we study the postulates that give some ways to show that the two triangles are congruent
given less number of corresponding congruent parts, let us first identify the parts of a triangle in terms of
their relative positions.

Included angle is the angle between two sides of a triangle.

Included side is the side common to two angles of a triangle.

Example: In ΔSON,

∠S is included between SN and SO.

∠O is included between OS and

∠N is included between NS and NO

ON .

SO is included between ∠S and

.

∠O.
ON is included between ∠O and
∠N.
SN is included between ∠S and
∠N.

SAS (Side-Angle-Side) Congruence Postulate

If the two sides and an included angle of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding two sides and
the included angle of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.

If MA ≅ TI
Example:

∠M ≅ ∠T
M R ≅ TN
then ΔAMR ≅ ΔITN
by SAS Congruence Postulate.

What’s More

A. Draw ΔFOR and answer the following questions.

1. What is the included angle between FO and ¿?
2. What is the included angle between FR and FO ?

4. What is the included side between ∠F and ∠R?

3. What is the included angle between FR and RO ?

5. What is the included side between ∠O and ∠R?

6. What is the included side between ∠F and ∠O?

B. Complete the congruence statement using the SAS congruence postulate.

LESSON 2: ASA Congruence Postulate

What is it

ASA (Angle-Side-Angle) Congruence Postulate

If the two angles and the included side of one triangle

are congruent to the corresponding two angles and
an included side of another triangle, then the triangles
are congruent.

Example:
If ∠A ≅ ∠E, JA ≅ ME , ∠ J ≅ ∠M
then ΔJAY ≅ ΔMEL by ASA Congruence Postulate.

What’s More

Draw the triangles and mark the congruent parts.

If ∠S ≅ ∠J, SD≅ JY , ∠D ≅ ∠Y, then ΔSAD ≅ ΔJOY

LESSON 3: SSS Congruence Postulates

What is it
SSS (Side-Side-Side) Congruence Postulate

If the three sides of one triangle are congruent to

the three sides of another triangle, then the triangles
are congruent.

If JA ≅ ME
Example:

AY ≅ EL
J Y ≅ ML ,
then ΔJAY ≅ ΔMEL by SSS Congruence Postulate.

What’s More

If EC ≅ BP, ES ≅ BJ , CS ≅ PJ , then ΔESC ≅ ΔBJP. Draw the triangles and mark the
congruent parts.

Assessment

Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the answer
sheet provided.

1. Which of the corresponding congruent parts as marked in the figure that will make each pair of
triangles congruent by SAS?

a. YO ≅ RO, ∠ BOY ≅ ∠ NOR , BO ≅ NO

b. BO ≅ NO , ∠ BOR ≅ ∠ NOY , RO ≅ YO
c. YO ≅ ¿, , BO ≅ ON , ∠ BOY ≅ ∠ NOR
d. ∠ B≅ ∠ N , BO ≅ NO, , OY ≅ ¿

2. Which of the following is NOT a postulate/theorem in proving triangle congruence?

a. SSS b. SSA c. ASA d. SAS

Refer to the figure at the right for numbers 3-5,

3. Which angle is included between DC and AD ?
a. ∠ BDC
b. ∠ ADC
c. ∠ ADB
d. ∠ BDF

4. Which angle is included between FA and FC ?

a. ∠ DFE
b. ∠ EFC
c. ∠ CFA
d. ∠ AFD

5. Which side is between ∠ DFB and ∠ EFB

a. BA
 b. BD
c. BE
d. BF

Refer to the figure below for numbers 6-8.

In the figures below, congruent parts in the pairs of triangles are similarly marked.

6. Which pairs of triangles show SAS congruence?

a. Figures I and II c. Figures I and III
b. Figure I only d. Figure III only

7. Which pairs of triangles show SSS congruence?

a. Figure I b. Figure II c. Figure III d. Figure IV

8. Which pairs of triangles show ASA congruence?

a. Figure I b. Figure II c. Figure III d. Figure IV

9. If corresponding congruent parts are marked, how can you prove ΔBEC ≅ ΔBAC?
a. ASA
b. SAS
c. SSS
d. SSS and SAS

10. Angelito knows that in ΔMIG and ΔJAN, MI ≅ JA , IG ≅ AN , and MG ≅ JN . Which postulate or
theorem can he use to prove that the triangles are congruent?
a. ASA b. AAS c. ASA d. SSS
 Answer Sheet

Name: __________________________________________________________
Grade & Section: ________________ Score: _______

Quarter 3 - Module 4
Lesson 1
What’s More
A. Assessment
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
6. 6.
B. 7.
1. 8.
2. 9.
10.
Lesson 2
What’s More

Lesson 3
What’s More
 Answer Key

Quarter 3 – Module 4
Lesson 1
What’s More
A. 1. ∠ O
2. ∠ F
3. ∠ R
4. FR
5. ¿
6. FO
B. 1. ∆ FAT
2. ∆ DCO
Lesson 2
What’s More

Lesson 3 Assessment
What’s More 1. B
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. D
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. D

References:

2013. Mathematics-Grade 8 Learner's Module. Pasig City: Department of Education - IMCS.

Pena, Carmen R. dela. 2002. Discovering Mathematics. Quezon City: Phoenix.
Pascua, Leonarda B. 1990. Mathematics II. Commercial Edition. Quezon City: Department of Education
Instructional Materials, Culture and Sports.
 Performance Task

Draw an object or a part of the building that is found in your house where you can see congruent
triangles. Justify why these triangles are congruent using the congruence postulates such as ASA, SSS
and SAS.
The rubric below is used in giving the points.

CRITERIA OUTSTANDING SATISFACTORY DEVELOPING BEGINNING RATING

4 3 2 1

Accuracy The measure of The measure of the The measure of The measure
the sides and the sides and the the sides and the of the sides
angles are angles are angles are not and the angles
accurate, and it accurate, and it accurate, and it are not
shows the wise shows the use of shows the use of accurate, and
use of the triangle the triangle the triangle it does not
congruence congruence congruence show the use
postulates. postulates. postulates. of the triangle
congruence
postulates.

Creativity The drawing is The drawing is The drawing The drawing

comprehensive presentable and makes use of the does not use
and displays the makes use of the aspects of the of the aspects
aesthetic aspects aspects of the triangle of the triangle
of the triangle triangle congruence congruence
congruence congruence postulates. postulates.
postulates. postulates.