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Problema

The document analyzes the condensation of saturated steam on 100 horizontal tubes at a pressure of 4.25 kPa and a saturation temperature of 30°C. It calculates the heat transfer rate during condensation to be 3,678,000 W (or 3678 kW) and the rate of condensation of steam to be 1.496 kg/s. Key assumptions include steady operating conditions and isothermal tubes.

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4 views1 page

Problema

The document analyzes the condensation of saturated steam on 100 horizontal tubes at a pressure of 4.25 kPa and a saturation temperature of 30°C. It calculates the heat transfer rate during condensation to be 3,678,000 W (or 3678 kW) and the rate of condensation of steam to be 1.496 kg/s. Key assumptions include steady operating conditions and isothermal tubes.

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baloncestocbt2.naucalpan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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10-46

10-59 Saturated steam at a pressure of 4.25 kPa and thus at a saturation temperature of Tsat = 30°C (Table
A-9) condenses on the outer surfaces of 100 horizontal tubes arranged in a 10×10 square array maintained
at 20°C by circulating cooling water. The rate of heat transfer to the cooling water and the rate of
condensation of steam on the tubes are to be determined.
Assumptions 1 Steady operating conditions exist. 2 Saturated
The tubes are isothermal. steam
Properties The properties of water at the saturation
temperature of 30°C are hfg = 2431×103 J/kg and ρv
= 0.03 kg/m3. The properties of liquid water at the P = 4.25 kPa
film temperature of T f = (Tsat + Ts ) / 2 = (30 + 20)/2
= 25°C are (Table A-9), n = 100 tubes 20°C

ρ l = 997.0 kg/m 3
Cooling
μ l = 0.891× 10 −3 kg/m ⋅ s water
ν l = μ l / ρ l = 0.894 × 10 −6 m 2 /s
c pl = 4180 J/kg ⋅ °C
k l = 0.607 W/m ⋅ °C L=8m
Analysis (a) The modified latent heat of vaporization is
h *fg = h fg + 0.68c pl (Tsat − Ts )
= 2431×10 3 J/kg + 0.68 × 4180 J/kg ⋅ °C(30 − 20)°C = 2,459 × 10 3 J/kg
The heat transfer coefficient for condensation on a single horizontal tube is
1/ 4
⎡ gρ l ( ρ l − ρ v )h *fg k l3 ⎤
h = hhorizontal = 0.729 ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ μ l (Tsat − Ts ) D ⎥⎦
1/ 4
⎡ (9.8 m/s 2 )(997 kg/m 3 )(997 − 0.03 kg/m 3 )(2459 × 10 3 J/kg )(0.607 W/m ⋅ °C) 3 ⎤
= 0.729 ⎢ ⎥
⎣⎢ (0.891× 10 −3 kg/m ⋅ s)(30 − 20)°C(0.03 m) ⎦⎥
= 8674 W/m 2 .°C
Then the average heat transfer coefficient for a 10-pipe high vertical tier becomes
1 1
hhoriz, N tubes = hhoriz, 1 tube = (8674 W/m 2 ⋅ °C) = 4878 W/m 2 ⋅ °C
N 1/ 4 101 / 4
The surface area for all 100 tubes is
As = N totalπDL = 100π (0.03 m)(8 m) = 75.40 m 2
Then the rate of heat transfer during this condensation process becomes
Q& = hAs (Tsat − Ts ) = (4878 W/m 2 .°C)(75.40 m 2 )(30 − 20)°C = 3,678,000 W = 3678 kW
(b) The rate of condensation of steam is determined from
Q& 3,678,000 J/s
m& condensation = * = = 1.496 kg/s
h fg 2459 × 10 3 J/kg

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Limited distribution permitted only to teachers and
educators for course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.

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