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16 - Z - Test

A quality control inspector tested a factory's claim that cereal boxes weigh an average of 500 grams. After sampling 64 boxes, the inspector found an average weight of 495 grams, leading to a calculated z-value of -2.67, which is less than the critical value of -1.96. Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected, providing sufficient evidence to conclude that the factory's claim is inaccurate at the 0.05 significance level.

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91 views2 pages

16 - Z - Test

A quality control inspector tested a factory's claim that cereal boxes weigh an average of 500 grams. After sampling 64 boxes, the inspector found an average weight of 495 grams, leading to a calculated z-value of -2.67, which is less than the critical value of -1.96. Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected, providing sufficient evidence to conclude that the factory's claim is inaccurate at the 0.05 significance level.

Uploaded by

Logess War
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Factory Claim Accuracy Test

A factory claims that the average weight of their cereal


boxes is 500 grams with a standard deviation of 15 grams.
A quality control inspector randomly samples 64 boxes and
finds the average weight to be 495 grams. Can we
conclude, with a significance level of 0.05, that the factory's
claim is inaccurate? (z-value:1.96)

To determine if the factory's claim about the average weight of cereal boxes is inaccurate, we
can conduct a hypothesis test.

Step 1: State the hypotheses


Null hypothesis (H0 ): The average weight of the cereal boxes is 500 grams (μ
​ = 500).
Alternative hypothesis (H1 ): The average weight of the cereal boxes is not 500 grams (
​

μ=
 500).

This is a two-tailed test since the alternative hypothesis specifies a difference in either
direction.

Step 2: Test statistic formula


We use the z-test formula for the sample mean:

ˉ−μ
x
z= σ ​

n
​

Where:

ˉ = 495 (sample mean)


x
μ = 500 (claimed population mean)
σ = 15 (population standard deviation)
n = 64 (sample size)

Substitute the values:

1/2
495 − 500 −5 −5
z= 15 = 15 = = −2.67
1.875
​ ​ ​

64 8
​ ​

Step 3: Decision rule


The significance level (α) is 0.05. For a two-tailed test, the critical z-values are −1.96 and
1.96. If the calculated z -value is less than −1.96 or greater than 1.96, we reject the null
hypothesis.

Step 4: Compare the z -value to the critical value


The calculated z -value is −2.67, which is less than −1.96.

Step 5: Conclusion
Since the z -value falls in the rejection region, we reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient
evidence, at the 0.05 significance level, to conclude that the factory's claim of an average
weight of 500 grams is inaccurate.

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