Name: _______________________________________________ Period: ____ Date: ___/___/___

Bio – Mendelian Genetics Packet

Allele, Genotype, Phenotype
1. Label each of the following as either an allele, genotype, or phenotype.

AA _______________ Purple Flower ______________ w _______________

b _______________ Hair Color _______________ aa _______________

Blue eyes ______________ Mm _______________ H _______________

2. Below each of the words are choices. Circle the choices that are examples of that word.
Dominant Allele

D e k L N n R s G g
Recessive Allele

M n d F G r j B L s

3. For each genotype below, indicate whether it is heterozygous (He) or homozygous (Ho)

AA _____ Dd _____ Gg ____ Jj _____

bb _____ Ee ____ HH ____ kk _____

CC _____ ff ____ Ii _____ LL _____

4. For each of these genes, give the genotype that would be homozygous dominant (HD), heterozygous (He),
and homozygous recessive (hr).
F  HD: ____ He: ___ hr: ___ Q  HD: ____ He: ___ hr: ___ M  HD: ____ He: ___ hr: ___

E  HD: ____ He: ___ hr: ___ Y  HD: ____ He: ___ hr: ___ Z  HD: ____ He: ___ hr: ___

5. Below each of the words are choices. Circle the choices that are examples of that word.
Homozygous Dominant

AA Bb cc Dd ee FF GG HH ii Jj

Heterozygous

kk LL Mm Nn OO Pp Qq rr SS tt

Homozygous Recessive

uu vv WW Xx YY zz AA aa Bb Cc
6. Read each description of a type of inheritance. Choose a single letter to represent each type of allele
(dominant vs. recessive). Fill in the appropriate information in the blank spaces.
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In dogs, the allele for long fur is dominant and the allele for short fur is recessive. Identify the Alleles:

Allele 1: _______ = __________________(phenotype) Allele 2: _______ = __________________(phenotype)

In pea plants, round seeds are dominant to wrinkled seeds in pea plants. Identify the Alleles:

Allele 1: _______ = __________________(phenotype) Allele 2: _______ = __________________(phenotype)

In seahorses, there are two alleles for tails: spiky and bumpy. When spiky tail seahorses are crossed with
bumpy tail seahorses, their offspring are bumpy more often. Identify the Alleles:

Allele 1: _______ = __________________(phenotype) Allele 2: _______ = __________________(phenotype)

7. For each of the genotypes below determine what phenotypes would be possible.
Purple flowers are dominant to Shorts tails are recessive to long Green pea pods are dominant to
white flowers. tails yellow pea pods.
PP: __________________ TT: _________________ HH: _________________
Pp: __________________ Tt: _________________ Hh: _________________
Pp: __________________ Tt: __________________ hh: _________________

8. For each phenotype below, list the genotypes.

Red fur (d) is recessive to white fur Tall (C) pea plants are dominant to Smooth pea pods are dominant to
(D) in cats short (c) pea plants wrinkled pea pods.
_____: white ____: tall _____: round
_____: white ____: tall _____: round
_____: red ____: short _____: wrinkled

9. Below each of the words are choices. Circle the choices that are examples of that word.
Genotypes in which the DOMINANT gene will produce the phenotype:

AA BB cc dd Ee FF gg Hh ii JJ

Genotypes in which the RECESSIVE gene will produce the phenotype:

Aa bb Cc dd EE ff GG Hh Ii jj

10. For each of the genotypes below, list the possible gametes that the organism can produce.
AA Bb cc DD ee Ff

Gamete 1 Gamete 2 Gamete 1 Gamete 2 Gamete 1 Gamete 2 Gamete 1 Gamete 2 Gamete 1 Gamete 2 Gamete 1 Gamete 2

Punnett Squares
Directions: Read each question and write down an answer in the appropriate space.
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11.Observe how your complete a Punnett square. Answer the
questions below.
a. What do the letters on the outside of the Punnett
square stand for?

b. What do the letters on the inside of the Punnett

square stand for?

c. How much of your DNA comes from each parent?

12. In humans, being a tongue roller (R) is dominant over non-roller (r). A man who is a non-roller
marries a woman who can roll her tongue. The man is homozygous recessive while the
woman is heterozygous for tongue rolling. Complete the Punnett Square to determine the
possible offspring.

a. Father’s phenotype _____________________

b. Father’s genotype ________

c. Mother’s phenotype _____________________

d. Mother’s genotype _________

e. Circle the genotype(s) that are possible in the offspring: RR Rr rr

13. In dogs, long hair (H) is dominant to short hair (h). A homozygous dominant long hair female is crossed
with homozygous recessive short hair male. Complete the Punnett Square to determine the possible
offspring.

a. Father’s phenotype _____________________

b. Father’s genotype ________

c. Mother’s phenotype _____________________

d. Mother’s genotype _________

e. Circle the genotype(s) that are possible in the offspring: HH Hh hh

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14. In pea plants, purple flowers are dominant (B) while white flowers are recessive (b). Two purple flower
plants that are both homozygous dominants (BB) are crossed. Complete the Punnett Square to determine
the possible offspring.

a. Father’s phenotype _____________________

b. Father’s genotype ________

c. Mother’s phenotype _____________________

d. Mother’s genotype _________

e. Circle the genotype(s) that are possible in the offspring: BB Bb bb

15. In corn plants, normal height (A) is dominant to short height (a). A normal height corn plant (Aa) and a
normal height corn plant (AA) are crossed. Complete the Punnett Square to determine the possible
offspring.

a. Father’s phenotype _____________________

b. Father’s genotype ________

c. Mother’s phenotype _____________________

d. Mother’s genotype _________

e. Circle the genotype(s) that are possible in the offspring: AA Aa aa

16. In rabbits, black fur is dominant over white fur. Two white rabbits, both of which are homozygous
recessive, mate and have offspring. Complete the Punnett Square to determine the possible offspring. Use
the letters D and d to represent the alleles.

a. Father’s phenotype _____________________

b. Father’s genotype ________

c. Mother’s phenotype _____________________

d. Mother’s genotype _________

e. Circle the genotype(s) that are possible in the offspring: DD Dd dd

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 Monohybrid Punnett Squares
Directions: Read each genetics problem and complete the Punnett square. Calculate the ratios of each
genotype and phenotype by using the Punnett square. (For example: 2/4 squares = 50%)

17. A yellow pea plant (Aa) is crossed with a Yellow pea plant (Aa). Yellow plants are dominant to green plants.

Ratio Percent Phenotyp Ratio Percent

Genotype
(#/#) (%) e (#/#) (%)
Yellow
AA / (AA, Aa)
/
Green
Aa / (aa)
/

aa /

18. A tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). Tall plants are dominant to short plants.
Ratio Percent Phenotyp Ratio Percent
Genotype
(#/#) (%) e (#/#) (%)
TT Tall

Tt Short

tt

19. A wrinkled seed pea plant (ee) is crossed with a smooth seed pea plant (Ee). Smooth seeds are dominant
to wrinkled seeds.

Ratio Percent Phenotyp Ratio Percent

Genotype
(#/#) (%) e (#/#) (%)
EE Smooth

Ee Wrinkled

ee

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20. A white flower (rr) is crossed with a white flower (rr). White flowers are recessive to purple flowers.
Phenotyp
Genotype Ratio Percent Ratio Percent
e

21. Two homozygous dominant brown mice are crossed. Brown fur is dominant to white fur in mice.

Phenotyp
Genotype Ratio Percent Ratio Percent
e

22. Butterflies have two colors of wings. Red wings are dominant to white wings. A homozygous dominant
butterfly is crossed with a homozygous recessive butterfly.

Phenotyp
Genotype Ratio Percent Ratio Percent
e

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 Mendel’s Data
Directions: Mendel studied thousands of pea plants by recording the phenotypes of the plants over 8 years.
Mendel also made sure that he crossed certain pea plants with characteristics with other pea plants with
different characteristics. Calculate the percent of each phenotype and try to figure out what the genotypes of
the parents were. Complete a Punnett square for each problem.

23. Mendel crossed a tall pea plant with a tall pea plant. Mendel collected 8000 offspring pea plants. 75% of
the offspring were tall while 25% of the offspring were short. (Use A/a as the allele)
a. What phenotype is dominant? _________

b. What phenotype is recessive? _________

c. What phenotype does the AA produce? ______________

d. What phenotype does the Aa produce? ______________

e. What phenotype does the aa produce? ______________

f. What percent of the offspring has the dominant phenotype? _________

g. What percent of the offspring has the recessive phenotype? _________

h. What are the genotypes of the parents? _____ x _____

24. Mendel crossed a smooth and a wrinkled pod shaped pea plant. Mendel collected 1000 offspring pea
plants. Of the 1000 offspring, 500 were smooth and 500 were wrinkled. From past crosses, Mendel noticed
smooth pea plants seem to show up more often than wrinkled. (Use B/b as the allele)
a. What phenotype is dominant? _________

b. What phenotype is recessive? _________

c. What phenotype does the BB produce? ______________

d. What phenotype does the Bb produce? ______________

e. What phenotype does the bb produce? ______________

f. What percent of the offspring has the dominant phenotype? _________

g. What percent of the offspring has the recessive phenotype? _________

h. What are the genotypes of the parents? _____ x _____

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25. Mendel noticed there were two distinct heights of pea plant, a tall pea plant and a dwarf pea plant.
Mendel crossed two dwarf pea plants that had 820 offspring. Of the offspring, all 820 were dwarf. When
Mendel crossed dwarf plants with tall plants in other experiments, the majority of offspring would be tall.
(Use Z/z as the allele)
a. What phenotype is dominant? _________

b. What phenotype is recessive? _________

c. What phenotype does the ZZ produce? ______________

d. What phenotype does the Zz produce? ______________

e. What phenotype does the zz produce? ______________

f. What percent of the offspring has the dominant phenotype? _________

g. What percent of the offspring has the recessive phenotype? _________

h. What are the genotypes of the parents? _____ x _____

26. Mendel noticed that the pea plant’s flowers were in two different positions. One plant had flowers in the
terminal position while the other had flowers in the axial position. When he crossed the two terminal
plants, Mendel got 400 offspring pea plants. All of the offspring had flowers in the terminal position. When
he took the two parent terminal plants and crossed them with any other plant, he always got terminal
offspring. (Use Y/y as the allele)
a. What phenotype is dominant? _________

b. What phenotype is recessive? _________

c. What phenotype does the YY produce? ______________

d. What phenotype does the Yy produce? ______________

e. What phenotype does the yy produce? ______________

f. What percent of the offspring has the dominant phenotype? _________

g. What percent of the offspring has the recessive phenotype? _________

h. What are the genotypes of the parents? _____ x _____