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Lesson-3 (2)

The document covers mathematical concepts including the order of operations (PMDAS), significant figures, rounding off, and scientific notation. It provides examples for calculations and conversions between different units of measurement, as well as rules for determining significant figures in scientific notation. Additionally, it includes various conversion factors and examples for converting between metric and imperial units.

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7 views

Lesson-3 (2)

The document covers mathematical concepts including the order of operations (PMDAS), significant figures, rounding off, and scientific notation. It provides examples for calculations and conversions between different units of measurement, as well as rules for determining significant figures in scientific notation. Additionally, it includes various conversion factors and examples for converting between metric and imperial units.

Uploaded by

johndericktabinas4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PMDAS

Rule: Simplify those in parenthesis first the perform multiplication, division, addition and lastly
subtraction.

( 15430.04 x 0.052 )−600


Ex . 1. =115.2551
0.00705+ 6208÷ ( 3550.015 )

( 3165 x 5.35 )−0.0002643


2. =1.8709
9050+0.0051÷ ( 0.46 x 0.06708 )

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
 All non-zero digits are significant.
Ex. numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9

 Zeros in between non-zero digits are significant


Ex. 105 – 3 20008 – 5

 Zeros to the right of a non-zero digits in unexpressed decimal point are not significant
Ex. 200 - 1

 Zeros at the right of a non-zero digit in an express decimal point are significant.
Ex. 200.00 = 5

 Zeros at left of a non-zero digit but to the right of a decimal point are not significant.
Ex. 0.0000001 – 1
Rounding Off

 When the number to be rounded off is less than 5 change that number to zero “0” to
retain the preceding number.
Ex. 12.34 – 12

 When the number to be rounded off is greater than or equivalent to 5 change that number
to zero “0” and add one to the preceding number.
Ex. 98.76 – 99

SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
 It simplifies the writing, reading and computation of very large and small number thereby
decreasing the risk of errors.

Exponential
 Uses the power of ten
Writing as: N=ax 10 b
Where:
N = any given number
a = number having single non-zero digit to the left of a decimal point and two
decimal places.

RULES IN SIGNIFICANT NUMBER IN SCIENTIFIC NOTATION


a. Determine “a” – by shifting the decimal point of the original number to the left or right,
until one digit is to the left of it.
b. Determine “b” – by counting the number of decimal places the point has moved, if it has
been to the left “b” is positive if to the right “b” is negative.

Ex. 123456 – 1.23 x 105 left - +


0.0009876 9.88 x 10-4 right - -

PREFIXES
21
Zetta x 10 Zepto x 10-21
Exa x 1018 Atto x 10-18
Peta x 1015 Femto x 10-15
Tera x 1012 Meter/Gram/Liter/Pascal Pico x 10
-12

Giga x 109 x 100 Nano x 10-9


Mega x 106 Micro x 10-6
Kilo x 103 Milli x 10-3
Hecto x 102 Centi x 10-2
Deca x 101 Deci x 10-1

1m = 100 cm 1 kg = 2.2 lb
1m = 3.28 ft 1 hr = 60 min
1in = 2.54 cm 1 min = 60 sec
1ft = 12 in 1 mL = 1 cc
1 yd = 3 ft 1L = 1000 ml
1 mi = 5280 ft 1 kips = 1000 lbs
1 mi = 1.609 km
1 km = 0.62 mi

100 212
o o
C F

0 32

9
° F= ° C +32
5

5
° C= ( ° F−32 )
9

100−0 212−32 100 180


= , =
C−0 F−32 C F−32

100 C 5 C
= , =
180 F−32 9 F−32

K = 273 + oC
R = 460 + oF

Example 1:

1. 40 km/hr  ft/sec =
40 km 1000 m 3.28 ft 1 hr
x x x =36 . 44 ft /s
hr 1 km 1m 3600 s

2. 500g  lbs
1 kg 2.2lbs
500 g x x =1 . 1lbs
1000 g 1 kg

3. 5 ft 5 in  m
1 ft
5∈ x
12∈¿=0.42 ft ¿
1m
5.42 ft x =1 . 65 m
3.28 ft

4. 4000 mi → km
1 km
4000 mi x =6 , 451 . 61km
0.62mi
1.609 km
4000 mi x =6 , 436 km
1 mi
5280 ft 1m 1 km
4000 mi x x x =6 , 439 .02 km
1mi 3.28 ft 1000 m

5. 1 metric ton to kilograms

1,000 kg
1 metric ton x =1000 kg
1 metric ton

Name:
Course/Year/Section:

A. Count the number of significant figures and place the answer before the number and
transform the following to Scientific Notation
1. 0.000567 –
2. 6705001 –
3. 0.00090350 –
4. 84.650 –
5. 0.01425001 –

B. Perform the following operations. Final answer should be in scientific notation.

1. 0.03451 x 250 – 670.8 =


705 + 96.20  (0.35 x 0.00065)

2. (15430.0 4x 0.052) – 600 =


0.00705 + 6208  (3550 x 0.00015)

3. (3165 x 5.35) – 0.0002643 =


905000 + 0.0051  (0.46 x 0.0006708)

C. Convert the following.

1. 78.8 in to m

2. 1.53 m to ft

3. 1.8 lbs to kg
4. 9500 mg to kg

5. 4520 cm/s to ft/s

6. 2.4g to cg

7. 45.2 oC to oF

8. 77 oF to C

9. 20 mi/hr to m/s

10. 1120 oF to oK

11. 97.75 oK to C

12. -1 oC to K

13. 87.9 oF to C

14. 101.97 ft/sec to m/hr


15. 5oF to R

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