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Image Processing Workflow Plastics

The document outlines an image processing workflow for a plastic bottle recycling system, detailing six key steps: image capture, pre-processing, object detection, feature extraction, decision making, and post-processing. Each step includes objectives, methods, and tools, primarily utilizing OpenCV functions for tasks like image cleaning, contour detection, and decision-making actions. The workflow aims to accurately identify and process plastic bottles in real-time using a camera interface and machine learning techniques.

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2 views

Image Processing Workflow Plastics

The document outlines an image processing workflow for a plastic bottle recycling system, detailing six key steps: image capture, pre-processing, object detection, feature extraction, decision making, and post-processing. Each step includes objectives, methods, and tools, primarily utilizing OpenCV functions for tasks like image cleaning, contour detection, and decision-making actions. The workflow aims to accurately identify and process plastic bottles in real-time using a camera interface and machine learning techniques.

Uploaded by

hbiplob511511
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Image Processing Workflow for Plastic

Bottles Recycling System


1. Image Capture

Objective: Capture real-time images from the camera.

- Use a USB camera or Raspberry Pi camera module to continuously capture images or video
frames.
- OpenCV provides the cv2.VideoCapture() function to interface with the camera and
retrieve frames in real-time.
- The camera sends video frames to your Raspberry Pi for further processing.

Tools:
- OpenCV: cv2.VideoCapture()

2. Pre-processing (Image Cleaning)

Objective: Improve image quality for easier object detection.

- **Convert to Grayscale**: Color images are often converted to grayscale to simplify


processing. This reduces the complexity of the image by eliminating color information,
making it easier to detect shapes.
- **Noise Reduction**: Apply filters (e.g., Gaussian Blur) to remove image noise. Noise may
result from poor lighting, compression, or the camera itself, which can distort the
processing steps.
- **Edge Detection**: Canny Edge Detection highlights the edges of objects in the image.
This helps isolate objects based on contrast and boundaries.

Tools:
- OpenCV functions:
- cv2.cvtColor() for converting to grayscale.
- cv2.GaussianBlur() for applying Gaussian blur.
- cv2.Canny() for edge detection.
3. Object Detection (Identify Plastic Bottles)

Objective: Detect plastic bottles within the image.

- **Thresholding**: Convert the grayscale image to a binary image (black and white). This
makes it easier to detect objects by distinguishing foreground from the background based
on pixel intensity.
- **Contour Detection**: Find contours in the binary image, which represent the boundaries
of detected objects. Filter out small or irrelevant contours to focus on objects of interest
(e.g., plastic bottles).
- **Object Recognition**: Advanced recognition techniques, such as Haar cascades or deep
learning models, can improve accuracy. Models trained using TensorFlow or OpenCV's DNN
module can be used for more complex object recognition.

Tools:
- OpenCV functions:
- cv2.threshold() for thresholding.
- cv2.findContours() for contour detection.
- cv2.drawContours() for visualizing contours.
- Pre-trained models for object recognition.

4. Feature Extraction (Refining Detected Objects)

Objective: Refine detected objects to improve accuracy.

- Calculate the **area**, **aspect ratio**, and **shape** of the detected contours to
determine whether they match the expected characteristics of a plastic bottle.
- Filter out objects that do not match expected criteria (e.g., large area or circular shape for a
bottle).
- This step helps reduce false positives, such as identifying objects that might look like
bottles but are not.

Tools:
- OpenCV functions:
- cv2.contourArea() for calculating the area of detected contours.
- cv2.boundingRect() for finding bounding boxes around contours.
5. Decision Making (Action Trigger)

Objective: Decide if a detected object is a plastic bottle and trigger an action.

- Based on the extracted features (size, shape, aspect ratio), determine if the detected object
is indeed a plastic bottle.
- If confirmed, trigger an action such as sending an SMS using Twilio, recording user data, or
activating a reward mechanism (e.g., mobile payment).
- If the object does not meet the criteria, discard it and continue processing the next frames.

Tools:
- Python logic (conditional statements) to decide whether to take action.
- APIs for communication (e.g., Twilio for SMS).

6. Post-Processing (Optional)

Objective: Improve or display the final result to the user.

- Once the object is detected, visualize the result by drawing bounding boxes or labels
around the plastic bottles.
- Display the processed image or video feed to the user, highlighting detected bottles.
- Log or save results for future reference, such as storing user data or recording the number
of bottles detected.
- Optionally, show feedback to the user (e.g., "Plastic Bottle Detected!").

Tools:
- OpenCV functions:
- cv2.putText() to add text to the image.
- cv2.rectangle() to draw bounding boxes.
- Output to LCD or other display devices.

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