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The document outlines an assignment by Rohit Pawar to apply four image processing techniques: image thresholding, bit plane slicing, image negation, and gray level slicing. Each technique is explained with its theory, application, and examples, highlighting their roles in enhancing and modifying images for better analysis. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of these techniques in improving visual quality and preparing images for further processing.

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3 views

_Assignment 1 Writeup

The document outlines an assignment by Rohit Pawar to apply four image processing techniques: image thresholding, bit plane slicing, image negation, and gray level slicing. Each technique is explained with its theory, application, and examples, highlighting their roles in enhancing and modifying images for better analysis. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of these techniques in improving visual quality and preparing images for further processing.

Uploaded by

vedang.suryarao21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 1

Name: Rohit Pawar


Roll: TYCOC222
Batch: C4

Title : Apply any 4 point processing techniques on sample images.

Objectives:The objective is to apply four image processing


techniques to enhance and modify a sample image.

Image processing is a field of computer science and electrical


engineering that involves manipulating and analyzing images using
various algorithms and techniques.

Techniques

1. Image Thresholding:

Theory: Image thresholding is a technique used to separate objects


from the background in an image. It converts a grayscale image into a
binary image (black and white) by setting a threshold intensity value.
All pixel values above the threshold are set to one value (usually
white), and all values below it are set to another value (usually black).
This technique is often used for object detection and segmentation.

Application:

●​ Choose a threshold value (e.g., 128 in an 8-bit image).


●​ Pixels above the threshold will be set to white (255), and those
below will be set to black (0).
●​ Thresholding can help highlight objects in an image and simplify
further processing.
Example: If you're analyzing a black-and-white document,
thresholding can help isolate the text from the background.

2.Bit Plane Slicing:​


Bit plane slicing is a technique used in image processing where an
image is divided into its individual bit planes. Each bit plane
represents a single binary bit (0 or 1) for all pixel values of the image.
This method is particularly useful for analyzing how much each bit
contributes to the overall image structure and for applications like
image compression and feature extraction.

For an 8-bit grayscale image:

●​ Each pixel value is represented by 8 bits (binary form).


●​ These 8 bits correspond to 8 bit planes (from the least significant
bit (LSB) to the most significant bit (MSB)).
Example:

For a pixel with intensity value 151, the binary representation is:

3. Negate Image:

Theory: Negating an image involves inverting its pixel intensity


values. For a grayscale image, the negation is performed by
subtracting each pixel value from the maximum intensity value of the
image. For an 8-bit image, where intensity values range from 0 to 255,
In color images, this operation is applied to each channel (Red,
Green, and Blue).

Applications:
●​ Medical imaging (e.g., X-rays) to enhance the visualization of
structures.
●​ Artistic effects or visual contrast adjustments.

4. Gray Level Slicing

Theory: Gray-level slicing emphasizes certain intensity ranges in an


image, either by enhancing them or suppressing others. This
technique is useful for highlighting specific features within an image
based on their intensity levels.

Two main approaches:

1.​Without Background Preservation: Intensities within the


desired range are set to a high value, while all others are set to
zero.
2.​With Background Preservation: Intensities within the desired
range are enhanced, while other intensities remain unchanged.

Applications:

●​ Highlighting regions of interest in medical imaging.


●​ Detecting specific objects or structures in an image.

Conclusion:

These four point processing techniques—image thresholding, bit


plane slicing, image negation, and gray level slicing —allow us to
modify an image in a way that enhances its visual quality or prepares
it for further analysis. Each technique addresses a different aspect of
image enhancement, whether it’s improving contrast, adjusting light
levels, or simplifying the image into binary form.

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