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Design 4th Edition by Phillips ISBN 0132938316
9780132938310
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CHAPTER 2

2.2-1. The rectangular rules for numerical integration are illustrated in Fig. P2.2-1. The left-side rule is
depicted in Fig. P2.2-1(a), and the right-side rule is depicted in Fig. P2.2-1(b). The integral of x(t)
is approximated by the sum of the rectangular areas shown for each rule. Let y(kT ) be the
numerical integral of x(t), 0 ≤ t ≤ kT.

x(t)

x(k)
x(k + 1)

kT (k + 1)T
(a)

x(t)

x(k + 1)

kT (k + 1)T
(b)

FIGURE P2.2-1 Rectangular rules for integration: (a) left side; (b) right side.

(a) Write the difference equation relating y(k + 1) , y(k) , and x(k) for the left-side rule.

(b) Find the transfer function Y (z)/X (z) for part (a).

(c) Write the difference equation relating y(k + 1), y(k) , and x(k + 1) for the right-side rule.

(d) Find the transfer function Y (z)/X (z) for part (c).
(e) Express y(k) as a summation on x(k) for the left-side rule.
(f) Express y(k) as a summation on x(k) for the right-side rule.
 Solution:
(a) y(k +1) = y(k) + Tx(k)

Y (z)
(b) zY (z) = Y (z) + TX (z)  = T
X (z) z −1

(c) y(k +1) = y(k) + Tx(k + 1)

Y (z)
(d) zY (z) = Y (z) + TzX (z)  = Tz
X (z) z −1

(e) y(1) = y(0) + Tx(0)

y(2) = y(1) + Tx(1) = y(0) + T (x(0) + x(1))

y(3) = y(2) + Tx(2) = y(0) + T x(0) + x(1) + x(2)

k −1

 y(k) = y(0) + T  x(n)

n=0

(f) y(1) = y(0) + Tx(1)

y(2) = y(1) + Tx(2) = y(0) + T x(1) + x(2)

 y(k) = y(0) + T  x(n)

n=1

2.2-2. The trapezoidal rule (modified Euler method) for numerical integration approximates the integral
of a function x(t) by summing trapezoid areas as shown in Fig. P2.2-2. Let y(t) be the integral of
x(t) .

x(t)

x(k)

x(k + 1)

kT (k + 1)T

FIGURE P2.2-2 Trapezoidal rule for numerical integration.

(a) Write the difference equation relating y ⎡(k + 1)T ⎤ , y(kT ), x ⎡(k + 1)T ⎤ , and x(kT ) for this rule.
⎣⎢ ⎥⎦ ⎣⎢ ⎥⎦

(b) Show that the transfer function for this integrator is given by
 Y ( z) (T 2)(z + 1)
=
X ( z) z−1

Solution:
x(k) + x(k +1)
(a) y(k + 1) = y(k) + T
2
T T z +1
(b) zY (z) = Y (z) + X (z) + zX (z)  Y (z) = X (z)
2 2 z −1

2.2-3. (a) The transfer function for the right-side rectangular-rule integrator was found in Problem 2.2-1
to be Y (z)/X (z) = Tz/(z − 1) . We would suspect that the reciprocal of this transfer function should
yield an approximation to a differentiator. That is, if w(kT ) is a numerical derivative of x(t) at
t = kT ,

W (z ) z−1
=
X (z) Tz

Write the difference equation describing this differentiator.

(b) Draw a figure similar to those in Fig. P2.2-1 illustrating the approximate differentiation.

(c) Repeat part (a) for the left-side rule, where W (z)/X (z) = T / (z − 1).

(d) Repeat part (b) for the differentiator of part (c).

Solution:

(a) Tz W (z) = zX (z) − X (z)

1
w(k + 1) = x(k + 1) − x(k)
T

(b)

calculated
slope
kT (k + 1)T t

(c) TW (z) = zX (z) − X (z)

 x calculated
slope

kT (k + 1)T t

1
w(k) = x(k + 1) − x(k)
T

2.3-1. Find the z-transform of the number sequence generated by sampling the time function e(t) = t
every T seconds, beginning at t = 0 . Can you express this transform in closed form?

Tz
Solution: e(t) = t; E(z ) = 0 + Tz −1 + 2Tz−2 + =
(z − 1)2

2.3-2. (a) Write, as a series, the z-transform of the number sequence generated by sampling the time
function e(t) = −t every T seconds, beginning at t = 0 . Can you express this transform in
closed form?

(b) Evaluate the coefficients in the series of part (a) for the case that T = 0.05 s .

(c) The exponential e(t) = −bt is sampled every T = 0.2 s , yielding the z-transform

⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 1⎞2 − ⎛ 1 ⎞3 −
E(z) = 1 + ⎜ ⎟z −1 + ⎜ ⎟ z 2 + ⎜ ⎟ z 3 +
⎟
⎝⎟
⎜2⎠ ⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠

Evaluate b.

Solution:

(a) E(z) = 1+ −T z−1 + −2T z−2 +L

1
= 1 + (−T z −1) 1+ (−T z −1)2 + = =
z
1 − −T z−1 z − −T

z
(b) E(z) = 1+ (0.9512z−1 )1 + (0.9512z−1)2 + =
z − 0.9512

(c) −bT = −0.2b = 0.5

T =0.2
 −0.2b = ln (0.5) = −0.6931  b = −3.466

2.3-3. Find the z-transforms of the number sequences generated by sampling the following time functions
every T seconds, beginning at t = 0 . Express these transforms in closed form.

(a) e(t) = −at

(b) e(t ) = −(

t−T )
u (t − T )

(c) e(t ) = −(

t−5T )
u (t − 5T )

Solution:
z
(a) e(t) = −at  E(z ) = 1+ −aT z−1 + −2aT z−2 + = 2-3.
z − −aT

(b) e(t) = −(t−T)u(t − T )


E(z ) = z−1 + −T z−2 + −2T z−3 + = z−1 z (=1 −T
 −T

z− z−

(c) e(t) = −(t−5T)u(t − 5T)

 z  1
E(z ) = z−5 + −T z−6 + −2T z−7 + = z−5 =
 −T (
 z −   z4(z − −T )

2.4-1. A function e(t) is sampled, and the resultant sequence has the z-transform

z3 − 2z
E( z ) =
z4 − 0.9z2 + 0.8

Solve this problem using E(z) and the properties of the z-transform.

(a) Find the z-transform of e(t − 2T )u(t − 2T ) .

(b) Find the z-transform of e(t + 2)u(t) .

(c) Find the z-transform of e(t − T )u(t − 2T ) .

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 Solution:

(z3 − 2z)z−2
(a) �[e(t − 2T )u(t − 2T )] =
z4 − 0.9z2 + 0.8

(b) e(0) = 0, e(1) = 1

�[e(t + T )u(t)] = z[E(z) − e(0) − e(1)z−1]

 z3 − 2z 1 −1.1z2 + 0.8
=
z  −  =
z4 − 0.9z2 + 0.8 z  z4 − 0.9z2 + 0.8

(c) �[e(t − T )u(t − 2T )] = e(T )z −2 + e(2T )z −3 +

= z−1[E(z) − e(0)] = z−1E(z), since e(0) = 0

z2 − z
=
z4 − 0.9z2 + 0.8

2.4-2. A function e(t) is sampled, and the resultant sequence has the z-transform

z −b
E (z ) =
z2 − cz2 + d

Find the z-transform of akT e(kT ) . Solve this problem using E(z) and the properties of the z-
transform.

Solution:

By complex translation
z−aT − b
�⎡  akT e(kT )⎤ = E(z −aT ) =
⎣⎢ ⎦⎥ z2−2aT − cz2−2aT + d

2.5-1. From Table 2-3,

⎡ ⎤ z(z − cos aT )
�⎢⎣cos akT ⎥⎦ =
z2 − 2z cos aT + 1
 (a) Find the conditions on the parameter a such that ⇥ ⎡⎢⎣cos akT ⎤⎥⎦is first order (pole-zero cancellation
occurs).

(b) Give the first-order transfer function in part (a).

(c) Find a such that ⇥ ⎡⎢cos akT ⎤⎥= ⇥ ⎡u(kT )⎤ , where u(kT ) is the unit step function.
⎣ ⎦ ⎢⎣ ⎥⎦

Solution:

(a) poles: z = z cos a  4 cos a − 4 = cos(a)  j sin(a)

2

 pole = cos a, provided sin a = 0  a = 0,  π,  2π, K ,  nπ

Then cos a = (−1)n  poles = cos a

(b) E(z) = z(z − cos a) =

z
, a =  nπ, n = 0, 1, 
(z − cos a)(z − cos a) z − cos a

(c) E(z) = z
=
z , cos a = 1, a = 0,  2π,  4π, 
z − cos a z −1

2.5-2. Find the z-transform, in closed form, of the number sequence generated by sampling the time
function e(t) every T seconds beginning at t = 0 . The function e(t) is specified by its Laplace
transform,

E (s ) =
(
2 1 − −5s ), T = 1s
s( s + 2)

Solution:

E (s) = 2 1 −1
= +
1
s(s + 2) s s + 2

e1(t) = (1− −2t )u(t)  e1(kT ) = (1− −2kT )u(kT)

 E1 (z) = (1+ z−1 + z−2 + ) − (1 − −2T z−1 + −4T z−2 + )

 1 1 =
z
− z (1 − −2 )z
=
,T=1


= − z−1 z − −2T (z − 1)(z − −2 )

1−z −1 1 − −2 z−1

−5 (1− −2 )(z5 − 1) 0.8647(z5 −1)

E(z) = E1 (z) − z E1 (z) = =
z4 (z −1)(z − −2 ) z4 (z − 1)(z − 0.1353)

2.6-1. Solve the given difference equation for x(k) using:

1, k = 0, 1
x(k) − 3x(k − 1) + 2x(k − 2) = e(k), e(k) =

 0, k  2

x(−2) = x(−1) = 0

(a) The sequential technique.

(b) The z-transform.

(c) Will the final-value theorem give the correct value of x(k) as k → ∞ ?

Solution:

(a) x(0) = e(0) = 1

x(1) = e(1) + 3x(0) = 4

x(2) = e(2) + 3x(1) − 2x(0) = 10

x(3) = 0 + 3(10) − 2(4) = 22

x(4) = 0 + 3(22) − 2(10) = 46

z +1
(b) [1 − 3z + 2z ]X (z) = E(z) = 1 + z =
−1 −2 −1

z
z2 z +1 z(z +1)  −2 3
X (z) = 
(z − 1)(z − 2) z = =z +
(z − 1)(z − 2)  z − 1 z − 2 

 x(k) = −2 + 3(2)k

(c) No, since the final value does not exist.

2.6-2. Given the difference equation

y(k + 2) − y(k + 1) + y(k) = e(k)

3 1
4 8

where y(0) = y(1) = 0, e(0) = 0 , and e(k) = 1, k = 1, 2,… .

(a) Solve for y(k) as a function of k, and give the numerical values of y(k), 0 ≤k ≤ 4.

(b) Solve the difference equation directly for y(k), 0 ≤ k ≤ 4, to verify the results of part (a).

(c) Repeat parts (a) and (b) for e(k) = 0 for all k, and y(0) = 1, y(1) = −2 .

Solution:
 z  1
(a) E(z) = �[u(k − 1)] = z−1 =
 z − 1 z−1
 
 3 1
z2 − z+ Y (z) = E(z)
 4 
8 
1 −8 8 3
Y (z) 1 · z −1 = + + −16 + 64 3
z = 
z z−
1  1
z− z z −1 z − 1 z −1 4
2
  


 2  4
 1 k 64  1 k
 y(k ) = −8δ(0) + −16   +  
2  3  4 
7
 y(0) = 0; y(1) = 0; y(2) = 0; y(3) = 1; y(4) =
4
3 1
(b) y(k + 2) = e(k) + y(k + 1) − y(k)
4 8
3 1
y(2) = 0 + (0) − (0) = 0
4 8
3 1
y(3) = 1 + (0) − (0) = 1
4 8

3 1
y(4) = 1 + (1) − (0) = 7 4
4 8
 (

2.6-3. Given the difference equation

x ( k ) − x(k − 1) + x(k − 2) = e(k)

where e(k) = 1 for k ≥ 0.

(a) Solve for x(k) as a function of k, using the z-transform. Give the values of x(0), x(1) , and
x(2) .

(b) Verify the values x(0), x(1) , and x(2) , using the power-series method.

(c) Verify the values x(0), x(1) , and x(2) by solving the difference equationdirectly.

(d) Will the final-value property give the correct value for x(∞)?
 Solution:

z
(a) [1− z−1 + z−2 ]X (z) = E(z) =
z −1

z3 1

X (z) = , poles: z = j = 1  60

(z − 1)(z2 − z + 1) 2 2

X (z) 1 k1 k*
= + +  1 with p =  
1 60
z z −1 z − p1 z − p1*

z2 1120
k1 = =
(z −1)(z −1 − 60) (.5 + j.866 −1)(.5 + j.866 − .5 + j.866)
z=160

1120 
= = 0.5774 − 90
1120 [ j2(0.866)]
π
 aT = ln ( p ) = 0; bT = arg p =
1 1
3

A = 2 k1 = 1.155; θ = arg k1 = −90

π  π 
 x(k) = 1 + 1.155 cos k − 90 = 1 + 1.155 sin k
  3 
3  
x(0) = 1, x(1) = 2, x(2) = 2

1+ 2z−1 + 2z−2 +  x(0) = 1

(b) z3 − 2z2 + 2z − 1 z3 x(1) = 2
z − 2z + 2z − 1
3 2 x(2) = 2

2z2 − 2z + 1
2z2 − 4z + 4 − 2z−1
2z +

(c) x(k) = 1+ x(k −1) − x(k − 2)

x(0) = 1+ 0 − 0 = 1

x(1) = 1+1− 0 = 2

x(2) = 1 + 2 −1 = 2

(d) No, 3 poles for X(z) on the unit circle.

2.6-4. Given the difference equation

x(k + 2) + 3x(k + 1) + 2x(k) = e(k)

where
⎧⎪ 1, k=0
e( k ) = ⎟⎨
⎪ 0, otherwise
⎟⎩

x(0) = 1

x(1) = −1

(a) Solve for x(k) as a function of k.

(b) Evaluate x(0), x(1) , x(2) , and x(3) in part(a).

(c) Verify the results in part (b) using the power-series method.

(d) Verify the results in part (b) by solving the difference equation directly.

Solution:

(a) z2[X (z) − x(0) − x(1)z−1] + 3z[X (z) − x(0)] + 2X (z) = E(z) = 1

1 + z2 − z + 3z z2 + 2z + 1 z + 1
 X (z) = 2 = =
z − 3z + 2 z2 + 3z + 2 z + 2

 1

 X (z) = z  z +1  = z +
2

2 1
  
z(z + 2)  z z + 2 

1 1
 x(k) = (k) + (−2)k
2 2

(b) x(0) = 1, x(1) = −1, x(2) = 2, x(3) = −4

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 1 − z−1 + 2z−2 − 4z−3 +
(c) z + 2 z + 1
z +2
−1
−1− 2z−1
2z− 1
2z−1 + 4z−2
−4z−2

(d) x(k + 2) = e(k) − 3x(k +1) − 2x(k)

x(2) = 1− 3(−1) − 2(1) = 2

x(3) = 0 − 3(2) − 2(−1) = −4

2.6-5. Given the difference equation

x(k + 3) − 2.2x(k + 2) + 1.57x(k + 1) − 0.36x(k) = e(k)

where e(k) = 1 for all k ≥ 0, and x(0) = x(1) = x(2) = 0 .

(a) Write a digital computer program that will calculate x(k) . Run this program solving for x(3),
x(4) , . . . , x(25) .

(b) Using the sequential technique, check the values of x(k), 0 ≤ k ≤ 5.

(c) Use the z-transform and the power-series method to verify the values x(k), 0 ≤ k ≤ 5.

Solution:

(a) x0 = 0;

x1 = 0;

x2 = 0;

for k = 0:5;

x3 = 2.2*x2 – 1.57*x1 + 0.36*x0 + 1

x0 = x1;
 x1 = x2;

x2 = x3;

end

(b) x(k + 3) = e(k) + 2.2x(k + 2) −1.57x(k +1) + 0.36x(k)

x(3) = 1+ 0 − 0 + 0 = 1

x(4) = 1+ 2.2(1) − 0 + 0 = 3.2

x(5) = 1+ 2.2(3.2) −1.57(1) = 6.47

z
(c) [z3 − 2.2z2 +1.57z − 0.36]X (z) = E(z) =
z −1

z
X (z) =
(z −1)(z − 2.2z + 1.57z − 0.36)
3 2

z−3 + 3.2z−4 + 6.47z−5 +

z4 − 3.2z3 + 3.77z2 − 1.93z + 0.36z
z − 3.2 + 3.77z−1 −
3.2 − 3.77z−1
3.2 − 10.24z−1
6.47z−1 +

 x(3) = 1
x(4) = 3.2
x(5) = 6.47

2.7-1. (a) Find e(0) , e(1) , and e(10) for

0.1
E(z ) =
z(z − 0.9)

using the inversion formula.

(b) Check the value of e(0) using the initial-value property.

(c) Check the values calculated in part (a) using partial fractions.
 (d) Find e(k) for k = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 if ⇥ ⎡e(k)⎤ is givenby

E( z ) =
1.98z

(z 2
− 0.9z + 0.9 )(z − 0.8)(z 2
− 1.2z + 0.27 )
(e) Find a function e(t) which, when sampled at a rate of 10 Hz (T = 0.1s), results in the

transform E(z ) = 2z /(z − 0.8) .

(f) Repeat part (e) for E(z) = 2z/(z + 0.8).

(g) From parts (e) and (f), what is the effect on the inverse z-transform of changing the sign on a
real pole?

Solution:
0.1zk−1 zk−2
(a) e(k) =  z(z − 0.9)
=  z − 0.9

residues residues

0.1 0.1
k = 0 : fcn = , residue = = 0.1235
z2(z − 0.9) z=0.9
(0.9)2

d  0.1  −0.1 = −0.1235

residue = = −0.1(1) =

dz z − 0.9  z=0

z =0
(z − 0.9)2 z =0 (0.9)2

 e(0) = 0

0.1 0.1
k = 1 : e(1) = + =0
z − 0.9 z=0 z z =0.9

k = 10 : e(10) = 0.1(0.9)8

(b)(b) e(0) = lim E(z) = lim 0.1

=0
z→ z→ z(z − 0.9)

k1 k2 k3
(c)(c) E(z) = 0.1 = + +

z z2 (z − 0.9) z2 z z − 0.9

−0.1 1
k= =− ;k 0.1 1
=
1 3
0.9 9 (0.9)2 8.1
d −1
k= 0.1  = , from (a)
2 dz z −0.9 
 z=0 8.1
 −1 1 1
 e(k) = (k) − (k −1) + (0.9)k
8.1 9 8.1

1 1 1 0.9
x(0) = − + 0 + = 0; x(1) = − 0 − + =0
8.1 8.1 9 8.1

0.1
x(10) = − 0 − 0 + (0.9)10 = 0.1(0.9)8
(0.9)2

1.98z
(d) E(z) = = 1.98z−4 + ()z−5 + ()z−6 +
z +
5

e(0) = e(1) = e(2) = e(3) = 0; e(4) = 1.98

2z
(e) E(z) = = 2z
−aT = 0.8  aT = 0.2231
z − 0.8 z − −aT
0.2231

a= = 2.231,  e(t) = 2−2.231tu(t)

0.1

2z
(f) E(z) = ; −aT  jπ = −0.8  aT = 2.231
z − (−0.8)
ωs
e(t) = 2e−2.231t cos10πt where = 10π
2

(g) (e) e(k) =(0.8)k ; (f ) e(k) = (−0.8)k

 sign alternates on e(k ).

2.7-2. For the number sequence e(k),

E( z ) =
z

( z + 1)
2

(a) Apply the final-value theorem to E(z).

(b) Check your result in part (a) by finding the inverse z-transform of E(z).

(c) Repeat parts (a) and (b) with E ( z ) = z / ( z − 1) .

2

(d) Repeat parts (a) and (b) with E ( z ) = z / ( z − 0.9) .

2
 (e) Repeat parts (a) and (b) with E ( z ) = z / ( z − 1.1) .
2

Solution:

z(z − 1)
(a) e() = lim (z − 1)E(z) = =0
z→1 (z +1)2 z =1

 z 
(b) e(k) = z−1 = k(−1)k,  e()unbounded
 
(z −1)2  z
(c) (a) e() = lim (z −1) ,
unbounded

z→1 (z −1)2

(b) e(k) = k, unbounded

z
(d) (a) e() = lim (z −1) =0
z→1 (z − 0.9)2

(b) e(k) = k(0.9)k ; e() → 0

z
(e) (a) e() = lim (z −1) =0
z→1 (z −1.1)2

(b) e(k) = k(1.1)k ; e() is unbounded.

2.7-3. Find the inverse z-transform of each E(z) below by the four methods given in the text. Compare
the values of e(z) , for k = 0, 1, 2, and 3, obtained by the four methods.
0.5
(a) E(z) = 0.5z (b) E(z ) =

(z − 1)(z − 0.6 ) (z − 1)(z − 0.6)

0.5(z + 1) z(z − 0.7)
(c) E(z) = (d) E(z ) =
( z − 1)(z − 0.6 ) (z − 1)(z − 0.6)

(e) Use MATLAB to verify the partial-fraction expansions.

Solution:
 0.5z−1 + 0.8z−2 + 0.98z−3 +
(a) (i) z − 1.6z + 0.6 0.5z
2

0.5z − 0.8 + 0.3z−1

0.8 − 0.3z−1
0.8 − 1.28z−1
0.98z−1

(ii) E(z) =0.5 1.25 −1.25 1.25z 1.25z

= + ;  E(z) = −
z (z −1)(z − 0.6) z −1 z − 0.6 z −1 z − 0.6

e(k) = 1.25(1− 0.6k )u(k)

k
(iii) zk − E(z) = 0.5z1
(z − 1)(z − 0.6)
0.5(1)k 0.5(0.6)k k
e(k) = + = 1.25(1 − 0.6 )u(k)
1 − 0.6 0.6 −1

0.5z
(iv) E1(z) =  e1 (k) = 0.5(0.6)k
z − 0.6

1
E (z) =  e2 (0) = 0; e2 (k) = 1, k  1
2
z −1

e(0) = e1(0)e2 (0) = (0.5)(0) = 0

e(1) = e1(0)e2 (1) + e1(1)e2 (0) = (0.5)(1) + (0.3)(0) = 0.5

e(2) = e1(0)e2 (2) + e1(1)e2 (1) + e1(2)e2 (0)

= 0.5 1 + 0.3 1 + 0.18  0 = 0.8

e(3) = 0.51+ 0.31+ 0.181+ 0.108 0 = 0.98

(b) e(0) = 0

e(k) = 1.25 − 2.083(0.6)k , k  1

E(z) = 0.5z−2 + 0.8z−3 + 0.98z−4 + 1.088z−5 +

(c) e(0) = 0; e(k) = 2.5 − 3.33(0.6)k , k  1

E(z) = 0.5z−1 + 1.30z−2 + 1.78z−3 + 2.068z−4 + 2.2408z−5 +

(d) e(k) = 0.75 + 0.25(0.6)k

 Another Random Document on
Scribd Without Any Related Topics
 CHAPTER II
the Turnover

T hey came up separately, Toby first. Fortunately for the boy of the
launch, a good eight feet separated him from Toby at the
moment of his emergence, for Toby was by no means satisfied and
proved it by an earnest endeavor to reach his adversary before the
latter could splash and flounder his way around the bow of the
launch and throw himself, breathless and half-drowned, across the
edge of the float. From that position he squirmed not an instant too
soon and half-leaped and half-fell across the gunwale of the launch
and seized the boat-hook.
“Now, you wild idiot,” he gasped, “you keep away from me!”
Toby viewed the situation, pulled himself to the float and grinned.
“All right,” he said. “You got the best of it now, but it ain’t red, and
I’ll make you say so sooner or later. Now you pay what you owe me.”
An expression of blank dismay came to the other’s face, and he
gazed anxiously about deck and water. “I dropped it! You made me
do it, too! Now you find it!”
Toby shrugged. “I guess it’s at the bottom now. Let me look.”
“You stay where you are,” commanded the other, threatening
again with his weapon.
“I won’t do anything—honest,” assured Toby. “Not now, that is.
Put that thing down and let me see if I can see your money.”
In a moment the two were leaning over the side of the launch and
peering into the water. But the surface was ruffled and it was
impossible to see much below it. “When did you let go of it?”
inquired Toby.
 “How do I know? When you grabbed me, I suppose.”
“Haven’t you got any more money with you?”
“No, I haven’t, and if I had I wouldn’t give it to you,” was the
ungracious reply. Toby considered. Finally:
“Well, I’ll take half the blame,” he decided, “but that’s all. You pay
me ninety-nine cents and we’ll call it square.”
“That’s twenty-two cents a gallon, though.”
Toby nodded. “Sure. That’s the price.”
After a moment’s consideration the other consented. “But you’ll
have to trust me for it,” he said. “That two dollars was all I had.”
“All right. What’s your name?”
“Deering, Arnold Deering. I live on the Head.”
“Spanish Head? Whose house have you got?”
“We live in our own house. It’s called ‘Cedarcroft,’ and it’s the big
one right at the end——”
“Oh, the new one that was built last winter? All right. Arnold
Deering, eh? I’ll remember. You’re the fellow who owes me ninety-
nine cents—and an apology.”
“You’ll get the ninety-nine cents, all right; I’ll bring it over
tomorrow. But you’ll have to whistle for any apology from me!”
“I can whistle,” answered Toby undisturbedly.
“You’ll have to!” Arnold was having difficulty with the knot he had
tied. Toby looked on quizzically.
“Those square knots——” he began.
“Oh, shut up!” Arnold finally cast loose and climbed aboard. “You
get off now.”
“I was thinking maybe you’d drop me at the town landing,” replied
Toby calmly. “I’ve got a box of groceries over there.”
 “Well, all right, but you’ll have to jump. I don’t intend to stop for
you.”
“Sure. Reverse her when you start and back out. Put your wheel
hard over and——”
“Say,” inquired Arnold belligerently, “who’s running this thing?”
“You are. How long have you had her?”
“About a week.”
“She’s a nice boat. If I was you I’d learn to run her. Don’t do a
boat any good to ram her into things.”
“Is that so? I’ll bet I can run a launch as well as you can, you——”
“Careful!” warned Toby.
“You fresh kid!”
“All right. Look out for the coal wharf. Mr. Rollinson would be
awfully mad if you carried away the end of it! Just slow her up and
I’ll jump for it.”
“I hope you fall in,” said the other vindictively. Toby laughed.
“I wouldn’t be much wetter if I did! All right now. Thanks!” He
made a flying leap over the four feet of water between launch and
float and landed safely. Simultaneously Arnold twirled the wheel and
the Frolic pointed her nose down the harbor and chugged
indignantly away. Not, however, until Toby had sent a gentle
reminder floating after her.
“Frolic, ahoy!” he shouted.
Arnold turned an inquiring head.
“Don’t forget that ninety-nine cents! And remember I’m still
whistling!”
There was no reply, and Toby, seating himself on the box,
chuckled wickedly and resumed his onerous task.
 Toby’s father wasn’t nearly as amused as Toby had expected him
to be when he was told the incident of the last two-dollar bill at
dinner that day. Mr. Tucker was a tall, stooped man of forty-odd
years, with faded blue eyes in a weather-tanned face. The Tuckers
had been boat builders for three generations, and Mr. Aaron Tucker’s
skin seemed to have borrowed the hue from the mahogany that for
so many years past had been sawed and shaped and planed and
sandpapered in the big shed across the harbor road. In the old days
Tucker’s Boat Yard had turned out good-sized fishing and pleasure
craft, but business had fallen away in the last dozen years, and now
small launches and sloops and rowboats constituted the output. And,
at that, business was far from brisk. Perhaps Mr. Tucker had the fact
in mind when he inquired dryly who was to pay for that other four
and a half gallons of gasoline.
“I guess I’ll have to,” said Toby, ruefully.
“I calculate you will,” agreed his father.
“At the wholesale price, though,” added the boy hastily; and Mr.
Tucker’s eyes twinkled as he nodded.
But if the story won small appreciation from his father, there was
one, at least, at the dinner table who enjoyed it, and that was Toby’s
sister, Phebe. Phebe Tucker was thirteen, a slim, pretty girl with hair
that Toby called “yaller” and Phebe’s mother termed golden. She had
very bright, brown eyes under long lashes and a skin that, even
though nearly as brown as Toby’s, was clear and smooth. There
were no other children and so Toby and his sister had always been
very close companions, a fact which probably accounted for a
somewhat boyish quality in Phebe. She could sail a boat nearly as
well as Toby, catch quite as many fish, was no mean hand at the
oars, and could perform almost as many “stunts” in the water as he
could. She asked no favors and was always ready for adventure—a
jolly, companionable girl with a wealth of spirits, and good nature
and good health.
 Neither of the children resembled their mother in looks, for Mrs.
Tucker was small, with dark hair and eyes, and comfortably stout.
Her children called her “roly-poly,” a descriptive term which Mrs.
Tucker pretended to resent. For the rest, she was a quiet, kind-
hearted little woman, who worshiped her big husband and her
children, and whose main ambition was to see that they were happy.
Saturday afternoon was always a holiday for Toby and Phebe, and
after dinner was over they went out to the front steps and pondered
what to do. The cottage was a neat, white-clapboarded little house,
perched on a slope above the harbor road. From the gate a flight of
six wooden steps led to a tiny bricked walk which ran the length of
the cottage.
A wistaria vine, venerable with age, was in full bloom at one side
of the doorway, while between house and walk narrow beds held a
wealth of old-fashioned flowers. From the steps one looked across
the cobbled, winding harbor road, tree-shaded in summer, to the
boat yard with its weather-beaten shed and its old stone wharf, and
beyond that to the little harbor and to the nestling village houses on
the other side.
“We might go out in the launch,” suggested Toby, “only I’d have to
fix the wiring first.”
“Would it take long?” asked his sister.
“I guess not. I couldn’t find the trouble yesterday, though. We
might take a run around to Shinnecock if I can get her started.”
“Let’s,” said Phebe. “It’s too beautiful a day to stay ashore. You go
ahead and see if you can’t fix it and I’ll be right along.”
So Toby crossed the road, passed around the further side of the
big shed, from which came the tap-tap of hammers and the buzz of
the bandsaw, climbed down a slippery ladder and dropped into the
launch.
Toby had made most of that boat himself. It wasn’t as grand as
the Frolic and it boasted little bright work and no gilt. But, in spite of
its name, it was at once safe, roomy and fast. Its name—you had to
look on the stern to find it—was Turnover. In lowering the engine
into it the summer before Toby’s assistant had lost control of the
rope, with the result that the engine, at that instant poised over the
gunwale, had descended very hurriedly. The boat, probably
resenting the indignity, had promptly turned its keel to the sky and
dumped the engine to the bottom of the slip in six feet of water. The
boat hadn’t actually turned over, for having got rid of the engine and
shipped a good deal of water it had righted itself very nicely, but
Toby had dubbed it Turnover there and then.
The Turnover was sixteen feet long, with a four-and-a-half-foot
beam, had a two-cylinder engine—purchased second-hand but really
as good as new—capable of sending the launch through the water at
a good twelve-mile gait, and was painted a rather depressing shade
of gray. Toby favored that color not so much for its attractiveness as
because it didn’t show dirt, and it must be owned that the Turnover
was seldom immaculate, inside or out. But she suited Toby down to
the ground—or perhaps I should say down to the water—and I
doubt if any one else could have made her go as he did. The
Turnover had her own eccentricities and it was necessary to humor
her.
Toby began operations by pushing his duck hat to the back of his
head and reflectively scratching the front of it, a trick caught from
his father. Then, having decided on a plan of action, he set to work.
Before he had discovered the trouble and remedied it, with the aid
of an odd bit of insulated copper wire pulled from a locker, Phebe
was swinging her feet from the edge of the wharf and watching.
Experience had taught her the advisability of keeping out of the way
until the work was done. At last, wiping a perspiring face in a bunch
of greasy waste, Toby threw the switch on and turned the fly-wheel
over.
A heartening chug-chug rewarded him, and, tossing the tools back
in the locker, he unscrewed the cap of the gasoline tank, plunged a
stick into it, examined the result, did some mental calculation, and at
last declared himself ready to start. Phebe lowered herself nimbly
down the ladder and seated herself at the wheel while Toby cast off
the lines from the bow and stern. The Turnover backed out of the
little slip rather noisily, swung her pert nose toward the harbor
mouth, and presently was sliding past the moored craft at a fine clip.
Once around the point the breeze met them and the Turnover began
to nod to the quartering waves. Toby slathered oil here and there,
gave her more gas, and seated himself across from his sister.
“She’s going fine,” he said. “I guess we could make Robins Island
if we wanted to.”
“That’s too far, Toby. I’d rather go to Shinnecock.”
“All right. It’s going to be dandy after we get around the Head.
There’s a peach of a swell, isn’t there?”
The launch dipped her way past Nobbs Island, with its squatty
lighthouse, and Phebe turned the launch toward the Head.
“There’s the place that fellow lives,” said Toby, nodding at a fine
new stone-and-shingle house on the point. “The fellow I had the
scrap with, I mean.”
“It’s a lovely house,” said Phebe. “I suppose they have lots of
money, don’t you?”
“Slathers, I guess. He’s a pill. Can’t run that launch any more than
Mr. Murphy can.” (Mr. Murphy was Phebe’s parrot, and, while he had
been through some nautical experiences, he was naturally no
navigator!) “He didn’t do a thing to her paint when he bumped into
the float.” Toby chuckled. “And wasn’t he peeved with me!”
“I guess you were horribly superior and nasty,” said Phebe. “You
can be, you know.”
“Oh, well, I hate fellows to put on a lot of airs just because their
folks have money,” grumbled Toby. “The way he talked to me, you’d
have thought I was a hunk of dirt.”
“Was he nice looking?” asked Phebe.
 “Oh, I suppose you’d call him that. Sort of a pretty boy, with his
hair all slicked back like it was varnished. It didn’t look so fine when
he came out of the water, though!”
“That was a horrid thing to do, Toby.” But she smiled as she said
it.
“I didn’t do it, sis. He stumbled—sort of—and went over
backwards, and I went with him. You ought to have seen the way he
scrambled out of there when he saw me coming after him! Say, we
might run in to their landing and collect that ninety-nine cents, eh?”
“Indeed, we aren’t going to do anything of the kind!” replied
Phebe severely, and Toby laughed.
“I was just fooling. He’ll pay it, all right. And he’ll apologize for
calling me red-headed, too.”
“I don’t see why you mind that so much,” said Phebe. “I think red
hair is lovely. I wish mine was red, like Nellie Rollinson’s.”
“I don’t. I think it’s awful.”
“Why, Toby, you said once you thought Nellie’s hair was very
pretty!”
“Maybe it is, on her. It wouldn’t be on you, though. And I don’t
want any of it, thanks. Take her in a little closer to shore. It’s flood
tide.”
The Turnover was remarkably well behaved today and they ran
into the canal long before two o’clock, and, at Phebe’s suggestion,
disembarked and walked over to the hills and, finally, to the south
shore. The summer season was well begun and there was plenty to
see and to interest them. They had ice cream sodas at a little shop
and wandered back to the launch about three. Instead of making
straight home, Toby, who claimed the wheel now, headed the
Turnover toward the middle of the bay, and, with a nice breeze
blowing Phebe’s hair about her face and enough of a chop to set the
launch advancing merrily in the sunlight, they spent the next hour in
running leisurely across to the north shore and back. It was when
the Turnover was pointed homeward again, about four, that Phebe,
curled up in the bow, called Toby’s attention to a small launch a mile
or so distant and some two miles off Spanish Head.
“They are either fishing or have broken down. I’ve been watching
them for some time.”
“There aren’t any fish there,” replied Toby, viewing the distant
launch. “Guess their engine’s gone back on them. They’ve got their
anchor over. We’ll soon find out.”
“They’re waving at us, I think,” said Phebe a minute later. “Look,
Toby.”
“That’s right.” Toby waved his hat in reply and sent the Turnover
along faster. “I wonder what launch that is,” he added as the
distance lessened. “She looks a bit like——” his voice dwindled. Then
he laughed, and: “That’s just who she is!” he cried gayly. “That’s the
Frolic, sis! And, unless I’m much mistaken, that’s Pretty Boy waving!”
 CHAPTER III
ARNOLD PAYS HIS DEBTS

T oby was not mistaken, for presently the Turnover was close
enough to the disabled white launch for him to identify one of
her two passengers as Arnold Deering. Who the other boy was Toby
didn’t know, nor did he much care. He slipped the clutch into neutral
and let the Turnover run down alongside the Frolic. As he did so he
vastly enjoyed the expression of surprise and annoyance that came
into Arnold’s face when the latter recognized him.
“Hello,” said Toby as the boats bobbed side by side. “Want some
more gasoline?”
“Hello,” answered Arnold gruffly. “This silly engine’s out of whack.
We can’t start her. If you’ll give us a tow I’ll pay you for it.”
Toby considered a moment, or appeared to. Then, as the Turnover
was floating past, he threw in the clutch again and circled around to
the other side. At last: “I don’t know about towing,” he said
doubtfully. “The Frolic’s pretty heavy for us, I guess. I might send
some one out to you when I get in.”
Phebe uttered a low-voiced protest. “Don’t be horrid, Toby,” she
said. “Of course we can tow them.”
But the boys in the white launch didn’t hear that, and Arnold
looked dismayed. “But, look here, whatever-your-name-is——”
“Well, you said it was Red-head this morning,” replied Toby
carelessly.
Arnold flushed. “We’ve been here since half-past two, and we
want to get home. I’ve a rope here, and if you’ll tow us in I’ll give
you a dollar.”
 The second occupant of the Frolic, an older and bigger boy with
dark hair and eyes and a somewhat sulky expression, chimed in
impatiently. “We’ll give him two dollars. I’ll pay half. I’ve got to get
back by five o’clock, Arn.”
“All right then, two,” amended Arnold anxiously. “Get that half-inch
rope out of the stern locker, Frank, will you?”
“Oh, I’d do it for a dollar,” said Toby, “or I might do it for nothing
at all. It isn’t that.” He ruminated again and again chugged the
Turnover into position. “Tell you what I will do,” he continued then.
“I’ll come aboard and see if I can start her for you.”
“What’s the good of that?” demanded Frank. “We’ve been trying
for nearly two hours. And we want to get in.”
“Maybe I might think of something you haven’t,” answered Toby.
“All right, come ahead,” said Arnold.
Toby slid the Turnover close to the other launch and shut off the
engine. “You hold her, Phebe,” he instructed. Then: “This is my
sister, Phebe,” he added by way of introduction. “Phebe, this is
Arnold Deering. You remember I spoke of him this noon,” he added
innocently.
Arnold colored as he murmured a response and then introduced
Frank Lamson. Phebe nodded shyly and Toby clambered aboard the
Frolic. The two boys then followed him as he tested the engine by
throwing the spark on and turning the wheel a few times. There was
no response from the cylinders and Toby disconnected the wires
from the spark-plugs and grounded them against the engine one at
a time. He got sparks from three of the four, and, after he had
cleaned the fourth plug, from all of them. An examination of the
carbureter followed leisurely, Toby whistling softly all the time.
Presently he followed the gasoline supply pipe back from engine to
tank, having to raise the locker covers to do so, and at last,
snapping the door of the forward locker shut again, he faced Arnold
with a satisfied nod.
 “Got it,” he said.
“Really? What was the trouble?” asked the Frolic’s skipper.
“Nothing much. I can fix it in a minute.”
“Go ahead, then,” said Frank Lamson, with a scowl. “We’re in a
hurry, I tell you.”
Toby observed him ruminatively for a moment, and then turned
his gaze to Arnold. “I’m still whistling, you see,” he said, and to
prove it went on with his tune.
“Don’t be a fool,” begged Arnold. “If you can fix it——”
“Won’t take me a minute—after I get started,” was the untroubled
reply. Toby reached up and took off his hat. “You might just take
another look at my hair,” he continued pleasantly. “When the sun
isn’t on it’s quite a bit darker, I think.”
“Toby!” exclaimed Phebe, in a shocked voice.
Arnold flushed and stammered. “What’s that got to do with it?” he
asked. Frank Lamson looked bewildered.
“Well,” said Toby, “I thought maybe you’d like to see if you weren’t
mistaken about the color of my hair.”
Arnold looked at Frank and at Phebe, and finally at Toby’s gently
smiling countenance and swallowed hard. Finally: “Well, it isn’t as
red as I thought it was,” he muttered. “I suppose the sun being on it
——”
“Sure! But just you take another look; take a good hard one now.
Sort of brown, isn’t it?”
Arnold hesitated, cast a fleeting glance at the exposed hair, and
grinned in a sickly way. “I guess that’s so,” he allowed. “I—I’d say it
was quite brown.”
“Not the least bit red, eh?”
Arnold shook his head: “Not a bit.”
 “And, seeing you were mistaken this morning, maybe you’d like to
sort of apologize,” suggested Toby. Phebe was observing Arnold with
an expression that seemed to convey to him an apology for her
brother’s conduct, and perhaps her look helped him over his
embarrassment. At all events, when Frank Lamson, puzzled and
resentful, broke in with: “What’s the fuss about? Who cares whether
his hair’s brown or——” Arnold interrupted quickly.
“Whoa, Frank! This chap’s right.” He laughed good humoredly. “I
take it back, Tucker, and apologize. You’re all right! And—and you
can stop whistling!”
Toby smiled sunnily and clapped his hat on his head. “Now we’ll
start her,” he said. He went back to the forward locker in which the
gasoline tank was located, thrust in a hand, withdrew it, closed the
door again and returned to the engine. “Now try her,” he said.
Arnold did so and the engine woke promptly to life.
“What was it?” he demanded, surprise and admiration struggling
for supremacy in his face.
Toby laughed. “I’ll tell you so it won’t be likely to happen again,”
he replied. “You’ve got a globe cock on your gasoline supply pipe
where it leaves the tank. Usually that shut-off is down here by the
engine, and I don’t know why they put it there. But they did, and
when you pulled your anchor out of your bow locker you managed
to get your cable fouled with the cock and turned it almost square
off. You weren’t getting any gasoline, Deering.”
“But I tried the carbureter twice and it flooded!”
“Of course it did, because there was gasoline in the pipe. The cock
wasn’t quite closed, and enough kept running into the pipe to show
in the carbureter, but not to explode in the cylinders. If I were you
I’d take a piece of zinc and turn it over that cock; make a sort of
hood of it, you know, so your line won’t get twisted in it.”
“I didn’t know there was any shut-off there,” grumbled Frank
Lamson, “or I’d have looked at it.”
 “There’s always one somewhere on the pipe,” replied Toby dryly.
“Well, you’re all right now, I guess, eh?”
“Yes, thanks,” said Arnold gratefully. “And, by the way, Tucker——”
He pulled a dollar bill from his coin purse and held it out with a
smile. “I guess I’ll pay my debt.”
Toby gravely fished up a penny and the transfer was made.
“I don’t know,” continued Arnold doubtfully, “but what I’d ought to
pay for all that gas.” He made a motion toward his pocket again, but
Toby waved the idea aside.
“No, we settled that,” he said. “I don’t mind paying half. It was
worth it!”
Arnold laughed. Then: “But, hold on! How about this job?” he
exclaimed. “Better let me pay you something for it. I’d rather.”
“Oh, shucks, that’s all right. We don’t charge for helping friends
out of trouble around here,” answered Toby as he climbed back to
the Turnover. “So long!”
“Well, I’m awfully much obliged,” responded Arnold, and his
thanks seemed to include Phebe as well. “Good-by.” He took off his
cap, something which his companion neglected to do, and waved a
farewell as the Turnover moved away. Frank Lamson only nodded,
but, as the Turnover circled around toward the harbor, he called
across the water: “Say, we’ll race you back!”
But Toby shook his head. “I’m not in racing trim today,” he called
back. “Some other time!”
The Frolic passed them presently, doing a good ten miles against
the turning tide, and Arnold, standing at the wheel in the bow,
waved once more.
“You ought to have been ashamed, Toby,” said his sister severely,
“to act like that!”
“Act like what?” inquired the boy innocently.
 “You know perfectly well.”
“Oh, that! Why, you see, sis, I knew he’d made a mistake, and I
knew he’d want to—to correct it. So I just gave him a chance.”
“But to refuse to fix the engine until he’d apologized!”
“I didn’t refuse. I’d have fixed it if he hadn’t. That was just a bluff
—and it worked!” Toby chuckled. “What did you think of him?”
“I thought he was very—very nice,” replied Phebe, after a
moment.
“He isn’t so bad, I guess,” agreed Toby carelessly. “Some one
ought to show him how to run that boat, though.”
“And he is very good looking, too,” added Phebe.
Toby grinned. “You wait till you see me with my hair slicked down
flat with vaseline, sis!”
“Vaseline! The idea! His hair is just naturally shiny.”
“Must be. Anyway, you’ve taken a shine to it! Wonder where he
picked up that Lantern chap?”
“Lamson, it was.”
“Lamson, then. He’s a surly beggar.” Toby frowned. “He came
mighty near getting into trouble, too. He almost said my hair was
red. If Deering hadn’t stopped him just when he did——”
“Toby, you’re too silly for words about the color of your hair. You
know very well that it is—well, reddish, and I don’t see why you
don’t make up your mind to it.”
“You’ve got a pimple on the end of your nose, but——”
“Toby! I haven’t!” Phebe investigated agitatedly. “It’s just the
tiniest bit of a one, then. Does it show much?”
“Well, you couldn’t see it across the harbor,” was the unfeeling
reply. “Anyhow, it’s there, and I’ll bet you wouldn’t want folks to tell
you about it. Well, it’s like that with my hair, sis. I know it’s sort of
reddish—in the sunlight, maybe—but I don’t care to have fellows say
so. When they do they either have to fight or apologize.”
“I don’t see how fighting proves anything,” objected Phebe.
“It doesn’t prove anything, no, but it sort of makes you forget the
insult! Here we are. Take the wheel and I’ll fend her off. I hope
there’s something good for supper!”
 CHAPTER IV
FRIENDS AFLOAT

T oby saw no more of Arnold for a week, for school kept him busy,
but Mr. Tucker reported that the Frolic had twice been to the
wharf for gasoline and that on each occasion her skipper had
inquired for him. School came to end for the summer that Friday and
Toby brought his books home to his little slanting-walled room with a
sigh of relief. He didn’t mind studying, for he wanted to learn things,
but since the really warm weather had set in, lessons had been a
task indeed. One thing, though, that he could congratulate himself
on was that he was now through grammar school and next fall
would start in at high school over at Johnstown. As long as the
weather would allow it, he meant to make the trip back and forth in
the Turnover, a matter of three miles from landing to landing.
When the ice came he would have to walk to Riverport, a good
two miles, and take the train there for Johnstown, and that wouldn’t
be quite so pleasant. Toby’s ambition, though it was as yet not very
strong, was to some day take hold of Tucker’s Boat Yard and make it
as big and busy and successful as it once had been. But Toby’s
father didn’t give him much encouragement. Boat-building at
Greenhaven, he declared pessimistically, had had its day. Launches
had taken the place of honest sailboats, and there were too many
launch-makers in that part of the world. There was no money in it
any longer; just a living, and a bare one at that. Toby thought he
knew better, but he didn’t argue it. There was time enough yet.
In another four years, when he had learned all they had to teach
him at the Johnstown High School, and he was very, very wise,
perhaps he would take hold of the business and show his father that
there was still money to be made in it. Of course, Toby had not
figured out just how he was to do it. There was time enough for
that, too!
He and Arnold had their next meeting Saturday morning, a week
almost to the minute after their first. Toby had taken some
provisions around to a houseboat moored in Nobbs Bay, on the other
side of Spanish Harbor, and was chugging lazily back in the
Turnover, when from across the water a faint hail reached him. A
quarter of a mile away a figure stood on the new steel pier that
extended into the bay at the end of Spanish Head, and Toby,
shading his eyes, recognized Arnold Deering. Since his errand had
been accomplished and there was no more work in sight just then,
he turned the launch toward the landing and was soon within talking
distance. The Frolic was lying beside the float there, in company
with a cedar skiff, and a brilliantly blue canoe rested, keel up, on the
planks.
“Hello, Tucker!” called Arnold in friendly fashion. “Where are you
going?”
“Nowhere much. I took some grub to that houseboat in there.
Going out in the launch?” Toby slid the Turnover up to the end of the
float and Arnold came down the sloping gangplank.
“I don’t know. Maybe I will.” He held the Turnover to the landing
with one rubber-soled shoe on the gunwale. “Say, I met your father
the other day.”
“He told me.”
“He’s awfully nice, isn’t he?”
Toby considered. Finally: “Yes,” he said. “He takes after me.”
Arnold laughed. “Say, you must have thought I was an awful fresh
chump the other day,” he said apologetically. “I’m sorry I was so
peevish.” He smiled reminiscently. “Fact is, you know, I was mad
because I’d made such a mess of that landing.”
“I guess we were both sort of fresh,” answered Toby. “Want to go
out in a good boat?”
 “Yes.” Arnold leaped aboard. “Your father said you’d made this
yourself.”
“Most of it. I made the hull, but dad and Long Tim—he works for
dad—helped me a lot with the lockers and so on.”
“I should think you’d be mighty proud of it,” said the other
admiringly. “I would. How did you happen to call her the Turnover?”
Toby explained as he started off, and Arnold laughed
appreciatively. “That would be a better name for my canoe,” he said.
“She turned over with me the other day about a half-mile out there
and I had to swim all the way in with her. There’s too much chop
around here for canoeing.”
“Which way do you want to go?” asked Toby. “Ever been over to
Johnstown?”
“No, Frank and I started for there last Saturday, the day we broke
down.”
“How did you happen to stop the launch out there, anyway? Were
you going to fish?”
Arnold nodded. “Yes, Frank said there’d be cod there. Then after
we’d got the anchor over we found we’d forgotten to bring any bait.”
“Cod!” laughed Toby. “I guess a sea robin or a sculpin would have
been about all you’d have caught. Who is this fellow Lamson?”
“He lives on the other side over there. He goes to school where I
do.”
“Do you like him?”
“Like him?” Arnold had to consider that. “N-no, not a lot, I guess.
Do you?”
“Not so far. He looks all the time as if he’d swallowed something
that didn’t agree with him. And he pretty nearly said I had red hair!”
“Say, I’m sorry I said anything about—about your hair,” said Arnold
contritely. “It was beastly rude.”
 “Well, I’m sort of touchy about that,” replied Toby. “Of course my
hair is—er—I mean when you look at it a certain way it does seem a
little bit inclined to be reddish. It isn’t really red, you know, but it—it
has a sort of tinge! Lots of fellows make mistakes about it. The first
year I was in grammar school I was all the time—er—showing
fellows how mistaken they were.”
“The same way you showed me?” inquired Arnold slyly.
Toby nodded, and smiled gently. “About like that. Of course, I
don’t mind a joke, you know. Folks I like can call me red-headed all
they want to. But I don’t seem to care for it from strangers.”
“I see. I won’t ever say anything like that again,” Arnold assured
him.
Toby gazed intently toward the island sliding past them to port. “I
wouldn’t care if you did—now,” he murmured. “If I like a fellow”—his
voice dwindled off into silence.
“All the more reason I shouldn’t,” said Arnold. “If I like a fellow I
don’t want to hurt his feelings.”
“No, but—when you like a fellow you don’t mind what he says,”
returned Toby. His eyes sought Arnold’s face for an instant and then
returned to the island. “You can call me Red-head if you want to. I
wouldn’t care.”
“I guess I’d rather call you by your real name,” laughed Arnold. “I
would if I was sure of it. Is it Toby?”
“Yes. Funny sort of a name, isn’t it? Tobias it is when it’s all there.
Dad got it out of the Bible. All the male Tuckers have Bible names.
Dad’s is Aaron. When he was a kid the boys used to call him ‘Big A,
little a, r, o, n!’ His father’s name was Jephthah; Captain Jeph, they
called him. I’m glad they didn’t tag me with that name!”
“I think Toby’s a rather jolly name,” said Arnold reflectively. “I like
it better than Arnold.”
 “I don’t. Arnold’s got a lot of style to it; sounds like it was out of a
story. What do the fellows at school call you?”
“Arn, usually. Say, this boat can travel, can’t she? How fast is she
going?”
“About ten, I guess; maybe eleven.” Toby advanced the throttle as
far as it would go, listened and pushed it back a little. “She misses if
I give her too much gas.”
“Seems to me she goes faster than the Frolic.”
“She’s smaller and you’re nearer the water. That makes her seem
to go faster. There’s the landing ahead. Want to go in?”
“No, let’s just knock around, unless you’ve got something to do.”
“I haven’t as long as I stay away from home,” replied Toby dryly.
“Say, what school do you go to in winter?”
“Yardley Hall.”
“Where’s that?”
“Wissining, Connecticut.” Arnold waved a hand vaguely toward the
west. “Over there on the other side of the Sound. Ever hear of it?”
Toby shook his head. “I don’t know much about schools. It’s a
boarding school, isn’t it?”
“Yes, and it’s a dandy. I wish you could see it. Where do you go,
Toby?”
“Me? Next year I’m going to high school here at Johnstown. You
can almost see the building. It’s about a mile up from the landing
there, near where you see that white steeple. I’d rather go to a
boarding school, though. It must be lots of fun. What do you do?”
So for the next half-hour, while the Turnover, slowed down to a
four-mile gait, rocked and swayed over the sunlit waters of the bay,
Arnold recited the glories of Yardley Hall School and told of football
and baseball and hockey battles and of jolly times in hall. Perhaps
Arnold drew rather a one-sided picture of life at Yardley, omitting
mention of such things as study and discipline and the periodical
examinations, but that was only natural, for he was proud of Yardley
and wanted to make it as alluring as possible. Toby listened intently,
questioning now and then, because many of Arnold’s references
were quite unintelligible to him, and, when Arnold had reached the
end of his subject, sighed wistfully.
“My, wouldn’t I like that!” he exclaimed. “Are the other fellows
nice? I suppose they’re mostly all swells like you, aren’t they?”
“I’m not a ‘swell,’ thank you! There are all sorts of fellows at
Yardley, though. I guess the kind you call ‘swells’ are pretty few. Lots
of them are just poor fellows——”
“Like me,” interpolated Toby.
“I didn’t mean that!”
“Oh, I don’t mind. I am poor, you know. I mean dad is. We used
to have a little money, when the boat yard was more—more
flourishing, but nowadays we just sort of scrape along. That’s why I
couldn’t go to boarding school. It would cost too much money. I’d
like to, though. Say, wouldn’t I just!” Toby’s face lighted. Then he
laughed. “I guess it wouldn’t do, though, because I’d have to fight
half the school for calling me red-headed!”
“You’d have your hands full then. We’ve got about three hundred
fellows.”
Toby shook his head sadly. “I wouldn’t last, then, would I? The
only thing I could do would be to dye my hair black. Do you have to
study very hard?”
“Yes, we do,” answered Arnold, frankly. “Especially in fourth and
third classes.”
“What’s your class?”
“I’ll be in third next year. Last year was my first. Say, wouldn’t it
be great if you could get your father to let you come to Yardley?”
 “Yes, it would be dandy,” answered Toby, smiling wryly. “And I can
see him doing it! How much does it cost, anyway? Say it slow, will
you, so it won’t sound so much?”
“Well, the tuition’s only a hundred——”
“Is that all?” asked Toby carelessly. “Would they take a check for
it? Go ahead. What else do you have to pay for?”
“Room and board, of course. That costs from two hundred to
three hundred and fifty, according to your room.”
“Well, I’d want a nice room, of course; one with a southern
exposure and hard and soft water. How much would I have to pay
for storing my automobile?”
“Don’t be an idiot,” laughed Arnold. “That isn’t an awful lot of
money, is it?”
“No, indeed! Oh, no! But I suppose there’d be extras, wouldn’t
there? Maybe I’d have to tip the principal and the teachers, eh?”
“You’d have to pay five dollars a year as an athletic assessment,
and pay for your washing and your books. Books don’t cost much.
You can get second-hand ones usually if you want to.”
“I guess not!” exclaimed Toby indignantly. “Nothing cheap for
Tobias Tucker! Well, I’ll figure it up and think it over. But say, honest
now, do all boarding schools cost like this one of yours?”
“I don’t know, but I guess they’re about the same. Some cost you
more, maybe.”
“Where could I find one of those? I’d hate to get settled at your
school and then find there was a more expensive one! That would
pretty nearly break my heart, it would so! Well, maybe we’d better
be getting back. I suppose you’ve got to polish your diamonds yet.”
“Shut up,” said Arnold, shortly. “If you talk like that I’ll—I’ll call you
‘Carrots’!”
 “Better not,” chuckled Toby. “The last time you did it it cost you
two dollars! Calling me names is expensive!”
“What are you going to do until lunch time?” asked the other, as
Toby headed back toward the Deerings’ landing.
“Me? Oh, I guess I’ll go back to Perkins & Howe’s and see if
they’ve got any more jobs. I made a half-dollar taking that stuff to
the houseboat.” He pulled the coin from his pocket and exhibited it.
Arnold observed it interestedly.
“I suppose,” he said thoughtfully, “a half-dollar seems a lot bigger
if you make it yourself.”
“Oh, I didn’t make this,” said Toby innocently. “I just earned it. It’s
a regular half-dollar.” He flipped it in the air to let it fall on the seat
beside him in proof of his assertion, and it did just as he intended it
should, up to the point when it struck against the wood. After that it
acted most inconsiderately, for, having landed on its edge, it flew up
again and described a graceful curve over the gunwale.
“Grab it!” yelled Arnold. Toby made a frantic clutch for it, but his
hand closed emptily and the coin disappeared into the green water
of Great Peconic Bay!
There was a moment of deep silence during which the occupants
of the launch gazed at each other in surprised consternation. Then:
“I’m awfully sorry,” murmured Arnold.
A slow smile spread over Toby’s face. “So am I,” he replied,
cheerfully. “But that’s what I get for being foolish. I mean that’s
what I don’t get. Well, maybe I earned it too easily, anyhow. I guess
a quarter would have been enough for that job. It puts me back fifty
cents, though, toward getting to Yardley Hall, doesn’t it?”
“Look here,” began Arnold shyly, “I wish you’d let me——” His
hand moved tentatively toward his pocket. “It was partly my fault,
anyway——”
 “Yes, you rocked the boat,” answered Toby gravely. Then he broke
into a hearty laugh. “Say, Arnold, you and I will have this old bay
just choked up with money if we keep on! They’ll have to begin and
dredge it first thing we know. There’s two and a half already, and
here it is only the first of July!”
 CHAPTER V
SHOTS IN THE DARK

T hat was the beginning of a fine friendship. Toby and Arnold

became well-nigh inseparable. They spent hours and hours
together in the Frolic or the Turnover, swam, fished, canoed
occasionally, explored by land and sea, and spent much time curled
up in a favorite corner of the boat-yard building glorious plans for
the future. Sometimes Phebe was their companion, and sometimes,
though less frequently, Frank Lamson. Toby put up with Frank for
Arnold’s sake, but never got to like him. For his part, Frank failed to
see why Arnold wanted to associate with a fellow whose father
worked “like a common laborer” and who “slopped around in clothes
you wouldn’t give to the ashman!”
But Frank’s disapproval didn’t influence Arnold to any great extent,
and Frank soon learned to keep it to himself. He viewed Phebe more
tolerantly because she was pretty and presentable, even if her
dresses would have failed to pass muster over at the Head. But what
Frank thought of her bothered Phebe little, since she liked him no
better than Toby did, although she was a trifle more careful to
disguise the fact.
Once and only once Toby went home with Arnold to luncheon. It
happened that a trip down the bay in the Turnover had taken more
time than they had foreseen, and when the launch floated up to the
Deerings’ pier to let Arnold off it was long after Toby’s dinner hour.
Toby had resisted a while against Arnold’s pleading, but he was
horribly hungry and Arnold assured him that what he had on
wouldn’t matter a bit, and finally he had yielded. What had
happened was not at all terrifying, for Arnold’s aunt, who, since the
death of the lad’s mother many years before, had presided over the
Deering establishment, was very gracious indeed to the guest; while
Mr. Deering was in New York. And the wonderful things that were
placed before Toby tasted finely and surely filled an aching void. But
for all that he wasn’t comfortable. He had never seen so many
dishes and glasses and forks and knives and spoons, nor so many
servants. Nor had he ever had his table manners put to so severe a
test. Afterwards, although Arnold for a while frequently extended
invitations to luncheon, Toby always found some excuse for
declining. He never gave the real reason, however, although possibly
Arnold guessed it. Eventually Arnold gave it up as a bad job, but that
didn’t keep him from partaking of the Tucker hospitality, and he was
a frequent guest at the dinner table in the little cottage above
Harbor Street. Every one liked Arnold, even Mr. Murphy; and Mr.
Murphy was constitutionally suspicious of strangers.
Mr. Murphy sat on a perch in the corner of the dining-room, by the
window that looked along the winding street, an uncannily wise-
appearing old parrot with a draggled tail and a much-battered beak.
Phebe explained that he used to have a perfectly gorgeous tail, but
that he would insist on pulling the feathers out no matter how she
scolded him. Like most parrots, Mr. Murphy had his periods of
inviolate silence and his periods of invincible loquacity. During the
former all enticements failed to summon even a squawk from him,
and during the latter only banishment to a certain dark closet under
the hall stairs would stop the flow of his eloquence. It wasn’t so
much that the parrot’s repertoire was extensive as that he made the
most of it. Unlike Shakespeare, he repeated! Having spent several
years of an eventful life before the mast, he had learned a number
of remarks that brought embarrassed apologies from Phebe. On the
whole, though, and in view of his early environment, his
conversation was remarkably polite.
His usual welcome was “Hello, dearie!” followed by “Won’t you
take off your bonnet?” After that he usually laughed jeeringly, sidled
across his perch, lowered himself and gravely hung by his beak. “All
hands, stand by!” was generally delivered in a peremptory shriek
that, at first, had had a devastating effect on Mrs. Tucker’s nerves.
As though realizing the fact, Mr. Murphy thereupon chuckled
wickedly and murmured softly and crooningly: “Well, well, well! Did
you ever?” Phebe had taught him to say, “Come to breakfast,” and
he had grown very partial to the remark, making use of it at all
times of the day with cheerful disregard for appropriateness. For a
while he had made the cat’s life a burden to her by calling “Kitty,
Kitty, Kitty! Come, pretty Kitty!” and then going into peals of raucous
laughter the minute the poor cat’s head appeared around the door.
Arnold won Mr. Murphy’s undying affection by feeding him pop-corn
surreptitiously, pop-corn being an article of diet strictly forbidden by
Phebe. He also spent much time during the summer trying to induce
the bird to say “Arnold,” but it wasn’t until late in August that Toby,
passing the dining-room door one afternoon, heard Mr. Murphy
croaking experimentally in a low voice: “Say Arnold, you chump!”
Toby still performed odd jobs and picked up an occasional quarter
or half-dollar, but it must be acknowledged that he was far less
earnest in his endeavors to find employment than he had been
before Arnold’s advent on the scene. But he was only fourteen
—“going on fifteen,” as he would have put it—and so it isn’t to be
greatly wondered at that he found his new friend’s companionship
more enjoyable than running errands or delivering groceries in out-
of-the-way places for Perkins & Howe. Mr. Tucker at first viewed
Toby’s frivolity with displeasure, but Mrs. Tucker declared that it
would do him more good to play and have a good time with a nice
boy like Arnold Deering than to loiter about Main Street on the
lookout for a job. I think that struck Toby’s father as being good
sense, for he never after that taxed the boy with idleness.
Sometimes Toby had qualms of conscience and for a day or two
resisted all Arnold’s blandishments and gave himself up sternly to
commerce. Frequently at such times Arnold likewise eschewed the
life of pleasure and threw in his lot with that of Toby, and together
they sat in the back room of the grocery store awaiting orders; or
canvassed the other places of business on the chance of finding
service. It was at such a time, seated on boxes by Perkins & Howe’s
back entrance, with a strong odor of spices and coffee and
cucumbers enveloping them—it happened that Arnold was seated on
the crate of cucumbers—that the plan of the baseball series between
the town boys and the summer visitors was evolved. The sight of
two youngsters passing a ball on the side street that ran down to the
fish wharf put the idea into Arnold’s head.
“Do you play baseball, Toby?” he asked. Toby nodded. “Well, then,
let’s have a game some time.”
“You and me?” asked Toby, with a grin.
“No, silly! We’ll get up a couple of teams, of course. There are
plenty of fellows on the Head and around there to make up one, and
you could find enough here in town for the other, couldn’t you?”
Toby nodded again. “Most of the fellows on the school team would
play, I guess. What would we do, draw lots?”
“Yes; or we could have it summer visitors against town fellows.
How would that do?”
Toby reflected. “I’d rather play on the team with you, Arn,” he said
at last.
“So would I with you, Toby, but it would be more interesting the
other way, wouldn’t it? Where do you play?”
“Me? Oh, most anywhere. I played third base this spring, and last
year I played center field part of the time, and part of the time I
caught. I’m what you call an all-round player, a sort of general utility
man!”
“Fine! I played first on my class team this spring. Let’s do it, eh?
Where could we play?”
“I guess we could use the school most any day except Saturday.
Does Frank play?”
“Yes, he’s a pretty good pitcher. I guess I’d ask him to pitch for us.
Who would you get?”
 “Tim Chrystal, probably. He’s about the best we have. I don’t
know, though, if he’d have time. He works for his father, you see.
When would we play?”
“Today’s Wednesday, isn’t it? How about Saturday?”
“We mightn’t be able to get the field Saturday. Besides, it’ll take
me two or three days, I guess, to find a team. Let’s say a week from
today.”
“All right. It’ll be piles of fun. You call your nine the ‘Towners’ and
I’ll call mine the ‘Spaniards.’ Couldn’t you go after your fellows
today?”
Toby hesitated. “Maybe. I guess there isn’t anything to do here. I
might start after dinner.”
“Good! And I’ll beat it around the Head this afternoon and see
who I can get hold of. There are two or three fellows I don’t know
very well, but that doesn’t matter, I guess. I wish your folks had a
telephone so that I could call you up this evening and see how you’d
got along.”
“Dad says telephones waste too much time. Why don’t you come
over in the launch? It’s moonlight now.”
“I suppose I could,” replied Arnold doubtfully. “I’ve never run her
at night, though.”
“Better begin, then. It’s no harder than running in daylight. Easier,
I guess, because there aren’t so many boats about. Come over
about eight and I’ll meet you at the town landing. It’ll be low tide at
our pier, and you might get aground, seeing you don’t know the
cove very well.”
They talked it over further during the next half-hour, and then, as
it was dinner time, they abandoned the search for labor and went
their ways. Toby wanted Arnold to have dinner with him, but the
latter was so filled with his new scheme that he insisted on chugging
back to the Head so he might start right out after luncheon on his
quest for baseball talent. They parted with the understanding that
Arnold was to be at the town landing about eight, and that they
were to meet there and report progress.
The moon was up, a big silver half-disk, when Toby reached the
float at a few minutes before eight, and the harbor was almost as
light as day. He had to wait some time for the Frolic, and, when it
did appear, heralded by tiny red and green lights, it was moving
slowly and cautiously. Presently Arnold’s hail floated across the water
and Toby answered.
“All clear at the end of the float, Arn! Come on straight in!”
“All right, but it’s pretty dark where you are. How far away am I?”
“Oh, nearly a hundred yards, I guess. Pull her out and float in.
Can you see those boats at the moorings?”
“Yes; but I can’t see the float yet. They ought to have a light
there.” The chug-chug of the Frolic exhaust lessened, and the white
launch slid silently into the shadows. Presently:
“Way enough,” called Toby. “Reverse her a couple of turns, Arn.”
In a moment the Frolic thrust her bow into Toby’s waiting hands,
and he fended her off and brought her side-to. “Want to tie up?” he
asked. “Or shall we run around awhile?”
“If you’ll take her,” replied Arnold. “I don’t like this moonlight
business. It’s awfully confusing after you get into the harbor.”
“All right. Swing your wheel over hard and I’ll push her off. That’s
the ticket.” Toby sprang aboard and took the wheel from Arnold and
the launch set off again. Once outside the harbor, with the engine
throttle down until it made almost no sound, the two boys compared
notes.
“I’ve got seven fellows,” Arnold reported, “and I know where I can
get four more. Frank will pitch for us and a chap named Dodson is
going to catch. Frank says he’s a dandy. All I need now is a good
shortstop and another fielder. All the fellows,” he added ruefully,