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Fibonacci

The document discusses the Fibonacci sequence, which is a series of numbers where each term is the sum of the two preceding ones, originating from a rabbit reproduction problem posed by Leonardo Fibonacci in the 13th century. It also highlights the golden ratio, approximately 1.618, which is derived from the Fibonacci sequence and appears in various natural and artistic contexts. The relationship between Fibonacci numbers and the golden ratio is emphasized, showcasing its significance in mathematics, nature, and art.

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4 views21 pages

Fibonacci

The document discusses the Fibonacci sequence, which is a series of numbers where each term is the sum of the two preceding ones, originating from a rabbit reproduction problem posed by Leonardo Fibonacci in the 13th century. It also highlights the golden ratio, approximately 1.618, which is derived from the Fibonacci sequence and appears in various natural and artistic contexts. The relationship between Fibonacci numbers and the golden ratio is emphasized, showcasing its significance in mathematics, nature, and art.

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What’s next?

0 ,1 ,1 ,2 ,3 ,5 ,8 ,13...
21
What’s next?
55, 89, 144, 233...
377
The Fibonacci sequence
was developed by the
Italian mathematician,
Leonardo Fibonacci, in
the 13th century.
Origin of Fibonacci Sequence

Fibonacci Sequence was


discovered after an
investigation on the
reproduction of rabbits.
Growing Population of Rabbits Problem:

Problem: Suppose a newly-


born pair of rabbits (one
male, one female) are put in a
field. Rabbits are able to mate
at the age of one month so
that at the end of the second
month, a female can produce
another pair of rabbits
Fibonacci Sequence

Fibonacci sequence is an integer in the infinite


sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ... of which the first two
terms are 1 and 1 and each succeeding term is the
sum of the two immediately preceding.
.
Fibonacci Sequence

Fibonacci sequence is an integer in the infinite


sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ... of which the first two
terms are 1 and 1 and each succeeding term is the
sum of the two immediately preceding.
Simple rule: add the last two to get the next.
How many pairs will be there in one year?

How many pairs will be


there in one year? 1, 1, 2, 3, 5,
8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144,...
How many pairs will be there in one year?

How many pairs will be


there in one year? 1, 1, 2, 3, 5,
8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144,...
So 144 pairs will be there at
the end of one year
Fibonacci Sequence Rule

xn = xn−1 + xn−2

where:

xn is term number "n"


xn−1 is the previous term (n−1)
xn−2 is the term before that (n−2)
THE GOLDEN RATIO
• The golden ratio is often denoted by the
Greek letter φ (Phi).

• This is approximately equal to 1.618.


The golden ratio can be
expressed as the ratio
between two numbers
Many things in nature have dimensional properties that
adhere to the ratio of 1.618, like the honeybee. If you divide
the female bees by the male bees in any given hive, you
will get a number near 1.618. The golden ratio also appears
in the arts and rectangles, and dimensions based on the
golden ratio appear at the Parthenon in Athens and the
Great Pyramid in Giza.
The golden ratio of 1.618, important to mathematicians,
scientists, and naturalists for centuries is derived from the
Fibonacci sequence. The quotient between each successive
pair of Fibonacci numbers in the sequence approximates
1.618, or its inverse 0.618.
Fibonacci Sequence in Nature
Fibonacci Sequence in Nature
GOLDEN RATIO IN NATURE

PARTHENON

MONA LISA NOTRE DAME


CATHEDRAL

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