MODIBBO ADAMA UNIVERSITY, YOLA

A TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL

WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

HELD AT
FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC MUBI ADAMAWA STATE
PERIOD OF ATTACHMENT: SIX (6) MONTHS

{FROM JUNE TO NOVEMBER 2024}

BY
SAMSON MARKUS GWANDI
MATRIC NUMBER: MCE/19U/1118

SUBMITTED TO

THE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY OF

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY MODIBBO ADAMA
UNIVERSITY YOLA.
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BARCHELOR OF
ENGINEERING

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 DEDICATION

This SIWES report is dedicated to God almighty who had created, guided, and
protected me, and to my beloved parents (Mr. Samson Gwandi and Mrs. Sarah
Samson) and friends (Uba, Nehemaih, Razak, Majesty, Joel e.t.c)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the exceptional individuals whom

have made a profound impact on my learning experience during my SIWES
program. Their tireless efforts, guidance and support have been instrumental in
helping me acquired the necessary knowledge and skills. I am deeply appreciative
for there contributions to my growth and development

Firstly, to God Almighty for the gift of life and opportunity, to Mallam Baba
Shaibu I will like to say thank you for providing us incentive needed always during
work you’ve been of great encouragement and support, also to Engr Abalis D.
Pukuma{industry-based supervisor} a very big thank you because you took us all
through the journey giving the required maximum knowledge to your own best.

To all other Federal Polytechnic Mubi Workshop staff and technician, I want to
say a big thanks to you for a job well done you all did everything to your best to
make sure we learn as expected and to be hard working.

To my very own IT colleagues I will like to thank you for your support and
companionship during our stay.

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TABLE OF CONTENT
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE……………………………………….……………………...1.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 ABOUT INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
1.2 MISSION OF ITF
1.3 FUNCTION OF THE SIWES UNIT
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF SIWES
1.5 ROLE OF ITF ON SIWES
CHAPTER TWO…………………………………………………………...….2
2.0 COMPANY’S PROFILE
2.1 SOME SECTIONS/UNIT IN FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC MUBI
2.2 SOME RULES FOR SIWES STUDENT IN FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC MUBI
2.3 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC MUBI
CHAPTER THREE…………………………………………………………....3
3.0 WORK AT THE CENTRAL PRODUCTION WORKSHOP
3.1 SAFETY
3.2 WORKING TOOLS USED
3.3 LATHE MACHINE OPERATION
3.4 WELDING
3.5 SERVICING OF JAW CHUCK
CHAPTER FOUR……………………………………………………………4
4.0 KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED DURING THE TRAINING (SWIES)
4.1 CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED DURING PERIOD OF TRAINING
4.2 RECOMMENDATION
CHAPTER FIVE……………………………………………………………… 5
5.0 SUMMARY
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 REFFERENCE

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 CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

SIWES which stands for Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme was
initiated by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) in 1973 so as to complement the
theoretical knowledge acquired in higher institutions with practical experience.

The goal of SIWES is to promote industrialization in Nigeria, and an avenue

between the world of teaching, learning, industry and work with reference to a field
of study such as engineering, science, agriculture, technology and other professional
education programs. The Scheme exposes students to industrial based skills
necessary for a smooth transition from the classroom to the world of work. It affords
students of tertiary institutions the opportunity of being familiarized and exposed to
the needed experience in handling machinery and equipment which are usually not
available in the educational institutions.

1.1 ABOUT INDUSTRIAL TRAINING FUND (ITF)

Established in 1971, the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) has operated

consistently and painstakingly within the context of its enabling laws Decree 47 of
1971 as Amended in the 2011 ITF ACT. The objective for which the Fund was
established has been pursued vigorously and efficaciously. In the decades of its
existence, the ITF has not only raised training consciousness in the economy, but has
also helped in generating a corps of skilled indigenous manpower which has been
manning and managing various sectors of the national economy.

The ITF enhances manpower development through training by exposing the

students to the practical aspects of what they learn in the classroom in view to prepare
them face challenges after completion of studies.

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1.2 MISSION OF ITF

The provision of Decree 47 of 8th October, 1971 empowers the ITF to

"promote and encourage the acquisition of skills in industry and commerce with a
view to generating a pool of indigenous trained man power sufficient to meet the
needs of the Nigerian economy".

1.3 FUNCTIONS OF SIWES UNIT

• Ensure adequate funding of the scheme.

• Establish SIWES and accredit SIWES unit in the approved institutions.
• Formulate policies and guideline for participating bodies and institutions as
well as appointing SIWES coordinators and supporting staff.
• Supervise students at their places of attachment and sign their log-book and
ITF Forms.
• Verified and process student’s log-books and forward same to ITF Area
office.
• Ensure payment of allowances for the students and supervisors.

1.4 OBJECTIVES OF SIWES

The objectives of the student industrial training work experience scheme are:

▪ Provision of avenue for students in the Nigerian universities to gain industrial

skills and experience in their course of study.

▪ To prepare students for the work situation they are likely to meet after
graduation.

▪ To expose students to work methods and techniques in handling equipment

and machinery that may not be available in the universities.

▪ To make the transition from the university to the world of work easier, and
thus enhance students contacts for later job placement.

▪ To provide students with an opportunity to apply their theoretical knowledge

in real work situation, thereby bridging the gap between university work and
actual practice.

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 ▪ To enlist and strengthen employer’s involvement in entire educational process
of preparing university graduates for employment.

1.5 ROLE OF ITF ON SIWES

• To harmonize industrial training with the curriculum of formal education
institutions
• To establish uniform National Vocational Apprenticeship Training (NVATS)
in the country
• To build training facilities of its own in identified areas of need
• To organize biennial conferences and seminars on SIWES.
• To ensure that the students and supervisory allowances are paid for the period
of the attachment.

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 CHAPTER TWO

COMPANY’S PROFILE

A brief history of Federal Polytechnic Mubi:

Early Years (1979-1980)

Federal Polytechnic Mubi was established in 1979 by the Federal Government of

Nigeria. The institution was initially known as the Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, and
was located in the town of Mubi, in Adamawa State.

Takeoff and Growth (1980-1990)

The polytechnic began academic activities in 1980 with 250 students and 11
academic staff. The institution initially offered programs in Business
Administration, Accountancy, and Secretarial Studies. Over the years, the
polytechnic expanded its programs to include Engineering, Science, and
Technology.

Challenges and Reforms (1990-2010)

In the 1990s, the polytechnic faced several challenges, including inadequate funding,
infrastructure decay, and student unrest. However, the institution underwent
significant reforms in the 2000s, including the introduction of new programs,
renovation of infrastructure, and improvement in staff welfare.

Recent Developments (2010-Present)

In recent years, Federal Polytechnic Mubi has continued to expand its programs and
infrastructure. The institution has introduced new programs in areas such as
Computer Science, Information Technology, and Environmental Science. The
polytechnic has also established partnerships with several international
organizations and institutions.

Milestones and Achievements

- 1980: Commencement of academic activities

- 1985: Introduction of National Diploma (ND) programs

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 - 1990: Introduction of Higher National Diploma (HND) programs

- 2005: Accreditation of programs by the National Board for Technical Education

(NBTE)

- 2010: Establishment of the School of Postgraduate Studies

- 2015: Introduction of degree programs in affiliation with the Modibbo Adama

University of Technology (MAUTECH)

Today, Federal Polytechnic Mubi is one of the leading polytechnics in Nigeria, with
a student population of over 10,000 and a staff strength of over 500. The institution
continues to play a critical role in the development of human resources in Nigeria,
particularly in the areas of technology, engineering, and management.

2.1 THE VARIOUS SECTIONS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC MUBI

WORKSHOPS

➢ Automobile workshop
➢ Foundary workshop
➢ New production workshop
➢ Central production workshop

LABORATORY’S

➢ Applied thermodynamics lab

➢ Fluid mechanics lab
➢ Heat treatment lab
➢ Strength of material lab
➢ Metrollurgy lab
➢ Refrigeration and air conditioning lab

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 2.2 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC
MUBI

GOVERNING COUNCIL

RECTOR

DEPUTY Registrar Bursar Director work Director of

RECTOR and service academic Polytechnic
planning librarian
Sch. Of
Sch. Of gen. Sch. Of Sch. Of Agric management Sch. Of Sch. Of
studies sciences studies social & Environme
rural ntal studies
Heads of Heads of Heads of developme
Dept Dept Dept Heads of Heads of Heads of
departme departmen departmen
nt t t
Chief
Deputy PARS Asist. Librarian
Registrar Chief Deputy Dap
Registrar
Chief Exams
accountant officer
Library staff
Clerical Security
Executive officer
officer Deputy CEO
Account
Messengers/cleaners staff

Chief technical Works department

officer staff

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 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 WORK CARREID OUT AT THE PRODUCTION SECTION

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

During my stay at Federal Polytechnic Mubi and due to my course of study, I

was assigned to the Central Production workshop. The section was in charge of
lathe machine operation, welding operation, drilling operation, service and
maintenance of various mechanical machineries.

Production:

The job duties in the department were: the various operations carried out on
the lathe machine, milling machine, welding and repairing mechanical systems
malfunctions, Replacing worn-out parts and components, lubrication of moving
parts etc.

3.1 SAFETY

The first factor to be considered in production is the safety factor. Ensuring

that all technicians abide by these standards is the work of the safety engineer. Most
accidents in production workshop involve slips or poor manual handling. Other
causes of accident are: wearing of lose clothes, keeping work areas free of clutter is
an important, but often overlooked. Wearing appropriate protective gears like safety
boots, overalls, safety googles, helmet, hand-gloves etc.

3.2 WORKING TOOLS / MACHINES USED AT THE PRODUCTION

WORKSHOP

➢ Scriber Flat spanner Allen Key

➢ Hammer Hack saw Screw driver
➢ Measuring tap Pillar anvil
➢ Chisel Wooden mallet
➢ Power hack saw shaping machine
➢ milling machine table drilling machine engraving machine

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a) power hack saw b) drilling machine

c) Tools

3.3 ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT AT THE PRODUCTION WORKSHOP

1. Lathe machine operation

2. Welding
3. Servicing of jaw chuck

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3.4.1 LATHE MACHINE OPERATION

A lathe is a machine tool that uses a cutting tool to remove material from the surface
of the workpiece which is placed in the chuck to hold the workpiece and feed to the
workpiece provided by the tool to remove the material. It is the most versatile and
widely used machine in industries, institutes, etc.

The lathe machine is made up of different parts such as: -

Bed Headstock Tailstock Carriage

Legs Cross Slide Saddle Apron

Jaw chuck feed rod Lead screw hand wheel

Gear box tool post

Operations carried are: -

• Parting Turning
• Taper turning Facing
• Knurling Reaming

PARTING: - is the operation of removing a section of rework piece to create a

define end. It involves gradually advancing the parting tool to execute the cut. To
deepen the cut, the parting tool is retracte d and repositioned to the side, preventing
tool breakage during the process.

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 fig. 1. Parting operation

TURNING: - among the most frequently executed operations on a lathe, turning

stand out as the most prevalent. Turning is a machining process that involves the
reduction of a workpiece’s diameter by eliminating surplus material from its outer
cylindrical or conical surface. This operation yields a commendable surface finish
for the metal.

Fig. 2. Turning operation

TAPER TURNING: - Tapering involves shaping the metal into a near-conical

form, achieved by utilizing the compound slide. It falls between the realms of
parallel turning and facing off, offering flexibility in adjusting angles by
manipulating the compound slide. The various methods used for Taper Turning are:

Compound Rest Method: In the Compound Rest Method, the compound rest is
rotated at an angle corresponding to the desired taper angle on the component. This
technique allows for the creation of various taper angles, enabling the execution of
both internal and external taper turning operations with precision.

Tailstock Method: This method is exclusively employed for generating external

tapers. In this technique, the tailstock is shifted from its central position to one side
of the bed, causing the workpiece to tilt in relation to the lathe axis and the feed

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direction. Consequently, as the tool advances, it engages the workpiece at an angle
relative to the axis, resulting in the creation of a taper.

Taper Turning Attachment method: The taper turning attachment method entails
angling the slide ways by an amount equivalent to the taper angle of the component.
This automatic tilting of the saddle occurs while it travels along the slide ways,
resulting in the production of a tapered component.

Form tool Method: The Form Tool method is exclusively utilized for crafting
external tapers. In this technique, the tool employed mirrors the desired shape of the
component to be produced. It finds its primary application in chamfering operations.

FACING: - The initial step in most lathe operations involves facing the workpiece.
This process entails cutting the metal from the end to achieve a precise right-angle
alignment with the axis and to eliminate any surface imperfections.

KNURLING

Knurling is the procedure of creating a textured, diamond-shaped pattern on a

workpiece's surface using a knurling tool, resulting in a roughened texture. During
knurling, the process is conducted at reduced speeds while employing ample
lubrication. Knurling serves the purpose of enhancing the gripping capability of a
workpiece, which is particularly useful in preventing slippage when manually
handled

REAMING

Reaming is a machining process performed subsequent to drilling to achieve precise

internal hole diameters. During reaming, only a minute amount of material is
removed from the pre-drilled holes, ensuring exceptional accuracy in the final hole
dimensions.

3.4.2 WELDING OPERATION (ARC WELDING)

Arc welding is a popular joining technique that uses an electric arc to create heat of
high temperatures to melt and weld metals. It is widely used in the metal

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manufacturing industry due to its versatility and reliability because strong bonds
between different metal parts are achieved.

In the working, an electrode is used to conduct current through a workpiece to fuse

two pieces. The electrode used may be consumable or non-consumable depending
on the process, it can use a shielding gas. Arc welding produces an electric arc that
is used to melt base metal and filler wires, which create a pool of molten metal that
solidifies and fuses the parts together. Electricity is passed from the power source
through an electrode to the workpiece.

Applications of Electric Arc Welding

Arc welding is widely used in many areas today as it comes in different types. The
following are the applications of arc welding;

1. Shipbuilding
2. Construction industries
3. Automotive industries
4. Mechanical industries.

Arc Welding Tools & Equipment

The arc welding tools and equipment mainly includes AC machine, or DC machine,
Electrode, Electrode Holder, Cables, Connectors for cable, Earthing clamps,
Chipping hammer, Helmet, Wire brush, Hand gloves, Safety goggles, sleeves,
Aprons, etc

Types of Arc Welding

The various types of arc welding include Plasma Arc Welding, Metal Arc Welding,
Carbon Arc Welding, Gas Tungsten Arc Welding, Gas Metal Arc Welding,
Submerged Arc Welding, SMAW – Shielded Metal Arc Welding, FCAW (Flux
Cored Arc Welding), ESW (Electro-Slag Welding), and Arc Stud Welding

How Does Arc Welding Works?

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Electric arc welding needs to be set and prepare before you know how it works. The
welder should be well dressed and the equipment should be arranged. Two cables
are from AC or DC power source, one of it is fixed to the electrode holder.

The other cable serves as earth, which transfer current back to the welding machine.
The type of welding determines the electrode types to be either consumable or non-
consumable electrode type. The adjustment of power supply to the arc will be
determined by the thickness of the case metal.

The arc from AC or DC power supply create an intense heat of around 6500-degree
Fahrenheit, melting the metals between their joining spot. Remember the earth cable
is placed in any part of the base metal but in such a way it touches both metals.

The electrode carrying current is spark to the base metal at first, before it is placed
closely to the workpiece. This is done at a close distance to produce the arc. At this
point, the arc obtain produces intense heat, which melts the work below the arc and
form a weld pool.

In some cases where greater joint strength or a workpiece need to be fill, filler
material may be required. It is added to the weld pool if needed.

The metal reacts chemically to oxygen and nitrogen in air when exposed to the arc
heat of high temperature. It produces a protecting shielding gas or slag, helping to
minimize the contact of molten metal with air. The weld forms when it cooled,
producing a metallurgical bond.

Advantages of Arc Welding

Below are the benefits of an arc welding

• It has the ability to weld on porous and dirty metals

• Its equipment is inexpensive
• It is a fast welding process when compared to others
• It offers strong joint

Disadvantages of Arc Welding

Below are the limitations of an arc welding:

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 • An increase in project costs as wastage is inevitable during the process
• The well trained and skillful operator is needed for the task
• Not all thin metals can weld on arc welding

Safety Precaution in Arc Welding

Arc welding is a hazardous process that uses an electric arc to create high
temperatures, heat, and melt metal workpieces. Safety precautions are crucial in arc
welding, including personal protective clothing, environmental safety, and operation
and equipment safety.

Operators should wear protective clothing such as long sleeve jackets, heavy leather
gloves, helmets with dark faceplates, and safety booths to protect their bodies from
heat, flames, and sparks. Modern welders are protected from ultraviolet light due to
auto-darkening elements and a thick safety booth.

Environmental safety is crucial in arc welding, as it produces dangerous gases that

can cause the surrounding air to break down. Proper ventilation is necessary to
protect welders from these gases. The environment should be well-ventilated, with
ample natural air entering the workplace. Tools and equipment should be kept in the
right place, and jobs should be kept away from walkways.

a) Charcoal stove b) Tree transplanter c) charcoal iron

Fig. 3. Welding operation

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4.4.3 SERVICING OF JAW CHUCK

Steps in jaw chuck servicing

1. Disassembly:
we remove the Jaw chuck from the lathe spindle and disassembly its
components, such as the Jaws, Screws and bearings

2. Cleaning: - we clean the jaw chuck components to remove dirty, grime, and
metal chips.
3. Inspection: - we inspect the components for wear, damage or corrosion and
there was none.
4. Reassembly: - we reassembled the jaw chuck ensuring proper alignment and
tightening of screws and bearings.

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5. Adjustment: - we adjusted the jaw chuck to ensure proper concentricity and
griping force.
6. Testing: - we Tested the jaw chuck, its alignment and the grip.

Part of the jaw chuck

• Scroll plate Stud bolt

• Pinion Wrench
• Hard solid ID jaw Body
• cover

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Fig.4. a, b.c Hard solid ID jaw

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 CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED DURING THE TRAINING (SWIES)

during the training I was able to learn the following

1. Lathe operations such as parting, turning, taper turning, knurling.

2. Welding (electric ARC welding)
3. Flushing of cooper pipe and refilling of refrigerator gas
4. Servicing of the jaw chuck using Allen key of different sizes
5. Cutting of worn-out block engine linkage

4.1 CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED DURING PERIOD OF TRAINING

1. I was not fully attended by the company’s management in disbursement of

safety wears.
2. Lack of computer-based facilities in the workshop.
3. I was engaged in so many activities and was not paid as the end of the period.

4.2 RECOMMENDATION

I use this means to make the following recommendations concerning the

training of students on Industrial Attachment.

1. The students should be more actively engaged with high supervision by so

doing the student will acquire the necessary skills for such specialized work.
2. The University curriculum should be adjusted such as to provide a longer
period of time as opposed to 6 months.
3. There should be a proper placement for students by the Industrial Training
department of each institution so as to create a strong alliance with different
companies.
4. Allowances should be paid to students during IT period just like NYSC and
not after. This would help in a great deal to handle some financial problems
during the training course.

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 CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 SUMMARY

This report is based on the attachment (training) with the Federal Polytechnic
Mubi, and I now have the practical knowledge in safety principles, production, lathe
machine operations, general maintenance and service of machines as listed above
with the additional knowledge from the institution.

5.1 CONCLUSION

At the end of the SIWES, I realized that the training has given me a broader
view to the importance and relevance of Mechanical Engineers in the immediate
society and the world at large, as I now look forward to impacting it positively after
graduation. I have also developed good relationship with my fellow colleagues at
work.

Despite all the challenges and stresses encountered, I’m now able to
appreciate the connection between my course of study and other disciplines in
producing a successful result.

5.2 REFERENCE

1. Notes taken during my SIWES program at Federal Polytechnic Mubi

2. Wikipedia (http://www.wikipedia.com)
3. ISO 13399:2010 – cutting tool data representation and exchange
4. ASME (American society of mechanical engineers) B4a-2016-Axes for
milling machine
5. SME (Society of manufacturing engineers). (2017). Learn manufacturing: A
guide to implementation
6. SME (society of manufacturing engineers). (2019) fundamental of Tools
design

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