A+ Computer Science

Dictionaries
Dictionaries
Key Value
restroom bano
cat gato
boy muchacho
house casa
toad sapo
water agua

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 Dictionary
Python dictionaries were built using
hash tables.

A hash table is a giant array. Each

item is inserted into the array
according to a hash formula.

0 1 2 3 4

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© A+ Computer Science -
 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, {'three': 3, 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'four': 4}

"two": 2,
"three": 3,
"four" : 4
Dictionaries store material as
} key:value
print( map )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, 1

"two": 2,
"three": 3,
"four" : 4
}
print( map["one"] )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, {'one': 1, 'two': 333}

"two": 2,
}
map["two"] = 333;
print( map )

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 Dictionaries
map = {} OUTPUT
map[45]="at"; at
go
map[17]="go"
print( map[45] )
print( map[17] )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, {'one': 1}

"two": 2,
}

del map["two"]
print( map )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, {'one': 1}

"two": 2,
}

if "two" in map:
del map["two"]
print( map )

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© A+ Computer Science -
 Dictionaries
frequently used methods

Name Use

get(x) gets the value for key x

items() returns all of the key value pairs
values() returns a list of all of the values
len(x) returns the # of pairs in the dictionary
keys() returns a list of all of the keys
pop(x) removes the pair with key x

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, 1

"two": 2,
}

print( map.get("one" ) )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, {'one': 1}

"two": 2,
}

map.pop("two")
print( map )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, 2

"two": 2,
}

print( len(map) )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, ('one', 1)
('two', 2)
"two": 2,
}

for pair in map.items() :

print( pair )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, 2
1
"two": 2,
}

for val in map.values() :

print( val )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, one
two
"two": 2,
}

for key in map.keys() :

print( key )

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© A+ Computer Science -
 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, one
two
"two": 2,
}
for key in map :
print( key )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, one
two
"two": 2,
}
for x in map.keys() :
print( x )
Note: The previous slide did the exact same thing. When you loop
through a dictionary without calling a method, you loop through
the keys.

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, 1
2
"two": 2,
} Using the keys as indexes, we can
for key in map : receive the values
print( map[key] )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, 2
1
"two": 2,
}

for val in map.values() : Values can also be accessed

directly using the values method
print( val )

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 Dictionaries
map = { OUTPUT
"one": 1, ('one', 1)
('two', 2)
"two": 2,
}

for pair in map.items() : Key:Value combinations are

print( pair ) accessed using the items
method

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 Building a Dictionary
map = {}
OUTPUT
{2: 5, 3: 2, 4: 1, 5: 1, 6: 1,
list = [3,4,5,6,7,8,2,2,2,2,2,3]
7: 1, 8: 1}
for x in list :
if not x in map : x is not in the dictionary
map[x] = 0 set the key to zero
map[x] = map[x] + 1 add one to the key

print( map )

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Example 1
Example 2
Example 3
 Tuples
Tuples are lists that cannot be changed

myTuple = (255, 0, 89)

print(myTuple)

Output
(255, 0, 89)

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 Tuples
The data is accessed with indices

myTuple = (255, 0, 89)

print(myTuple[2])

Output
89

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 Tuples
Since tuples cannot be changed, they have no methods

myTuple = (255, 0, 89)

myTuple.append(35)

AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'append'

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Immutable (not changeable)
Indexing/slicing
summary