STUDIO APARTMENT WITH SMALL RESIDENTIAL UNIT

YASHIKA JHAWAR
2102BDESINDS08496

SHRI VAISHNAV INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE

SHRI VAISHNAV VIDYAPEETH VISHWAVIDYALAYA, INDORE (M.P)

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 A DISSERTATION REPORT ON
STUDIO APARTMENT WITH SMALL RESIDENTIAL UNIT
SUBMITTED TO SHRI VAISHNAV INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE,

IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS

OF
BACHELORS OF DESIGN

BY
YASHIKA JHAWAR
2102BDESINDS08496

GUIDED BY
RUCHIKA SHARMA

SHRI VAISHNAV INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE

SHRI VAISHNAV VIDYAPEETH VISHWAVIDYALAYA INDORE

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 DECLARATION
I hereby declare that THESIS titled “STUDIO APARTMENT WITH SMALL
RESIDENTIAL UNIT” in INDORE submitted by me in partial fulfillment for the award
of the degree of BACHELOR OF DESIGN during the academic year 2024-2025 at
Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya, Indore, is a record of my work. The
matter embodied in this project has not been submitted for the award of any other
degree or diploma.

(signature of student)
YASHIKA JHAWAR

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 SHRI VAISHNAV VIDYAPEETH VISWAVIDYALAYA
SHRI VAISHNAV INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Project Report entitles STUDIO APARTMENT WITH
SMALL RESIDENTIAL UNIT submitted by YASHIKA JHAWAR student of Final year
Bachelor of Design. As per the requirements of SHRI VAISHNAV VIDYAPEETH
VISHWAVIDYALAYA, INDORE as partial fulfillment of Bachelor’s Degree of Design
for the Academic year 2024-2025.

DIRECTOR GUIDE
AR. VISHAL YARDI RUCHIKA SHARMA

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Firstly, I would like to acknowledge God, the almighty, for the blessings he has given
me throughout the writing of this thesis. I have been provided with a great deal of
support and assistance throughout the writing of my thesis.
I wish to express my gratitude to my director and my guide RUCHIKA SHARMA
whose expertise was invaluable in formulating the research questions. As a result of
your feedback. I was able to refine my thinking and to improve my work. As a result
of your guidance, I was able to complete my thesis and select the right direction.
I would like to thank my faculties for their cooperation and valuable suggestions at
different stages throughout the thesis report.
I am also thankful to my friends and colleagues for their support and cooperation.
I would like to thank my parents for supporting me and motivating me all the time to
complete my report.

YASHIKA JHAWAR

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 ABSTRACT
This thesis explores the concept of convertible furniture for small residential units,
focusing on 1BHK and 2BHK studio apartments. With increasing urban density,
efficient space utilization is essential, and convertible furniture offers a practical
solution by combining multiple functions in a single piece. This study emphasizes
how furniture adapts to different times of the day, meeting the changing needs of
compact living spaces. Examples include beds folding into walls to reveal
workspaces and dining tables transforming into storage units, optimizing space
without compromising comfort.
The research examines joinery techniques used in convertible furniture, focusing on
their structural integrity, durability, and suitability for small spaces. It also analyses
practical aspects like ease of transformation, maintenance, and versatility. Special
attention is given to how furniture adapts to daily routines, enabling multiple layouts
within the same area to enhance functionality in compact homes.
Through a detailed analysis of various convertible furniture types—such as sofa
beds, wall-mounted desks, modular storage units, and extendable dining tables—this
study offers insights into improving spatial efficiency and user satisfaction in small
residential spaces. The scope is limited to residential environments, focusing on
optimizing space usage in 1BHK and 2BHK studio apartments.
Keywords: Convertible furniture, small residential units, studio apartments, space
optimization, multifunctional layouts, joinery techniques, user experience, 1BHK,
2BHK, adaptive furniture design.

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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: SYNOPSIS....................................................................................................................9
1.1 INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................9
1.2 AIM..............................................................................................................................................9
1.3 OBJECTIVE....................................................................................................................................9
1.4 SCOPE..........................................................................................................................................9
1.5 LIMITATION.................................................................................................................................9
1.6 METHODOLOGY.........................................................................................................................10
1.7 RESEARCH QUESTIONS..............................................................................................................10
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW..................................................................................................11
2.1 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................11
2.2 TRADITIONAL INDIAN FURNITURE AND MULTIFUNCTIONLITY..................................................11
2.3 MULTIFUNCTIONAL FURNITURE TYPOLOGIES AND DESIGN PRINCIPLES...................................12
2.4 Underlying these typologies are several design principles that guide the development of
multifunctional furniture solutions, such as:...................................................................................13
2.5 SUSTAINABLE AND AFFORDABLE SOLUTIONS............................................................................13
2.6 GAPS AND FUURE DIRECTIONS..................................................................................................14
2.7 POPULATION AND URBANIZATION GROWTH............................................................................14
2.8 SMALL APARTMENTS.................................................................................................................15
2.9 IMPORTANCE OF FURNITURE IN APARTMENTS.........................................................................16
2.10 MULTIFUNCTIONAL FURNITURE..............................................................................................17
2.11 Design of a Transformable Furniture: A Necessary Innovation for a Growing Population with a
Fixed Land Mass..............................................................................................................................17
2.12 The key objectives of the proposed furniture set are:.............................................................18
CHAPTER 3: CASE STUDY...............................................................................................................22
3.1 LITERATURE CASE STUDY........................................................................................................22
3.1.1 5 Trendy Convertible Furniture Pieces to Expand the Legroom in your Compact homes are:22
3.1.2 Double duty study table..........................................................................................................23
3.1.3 Spacious Utility of Folding Dining Table..................................................................................23
3.1.4 Functional Cradle for the Baby Boss.......................................................................................24
3.1.5 Compact Bar Cabinet for the Fancy Amigos............................................................................24
3.2 LIVE CASE STUDY....................................................................................................................25
Case Study Report for Kala Kruti Furniture......................................................................................25
3.2.1 Introduction:...........................................................................................................................25

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 3.2.2 Convertible Sofa Bed:.............................................................................................................25
3.2.3 Expandable Dining Table:........................................................................................................25
3.2.4 Multifunctional Center Table:..........................................................................................26
3.2.5 Modular Mix and Match Sofa:................................................................................................27
3.3 Case Study Report: Evok Furniture and Home Décor by Hindware...........................................27
3.3.1 Introduction:...........................................................................................................................27
3.3.2 Sofa Converted to Bed - Suede Fabric:...................................................................................27
3.3.3 Sofa to Recliners:....................................................................................................................28
3.3.4 Sheeshm Study Table Wall Mounted with Shelves (Price: Rs. 16,000):..................................28
CHAPTER 4: INFERENCES...............................................................................................................29
4.1 COMPARISON BETWEEN REGULAR FURNITURE AND CONVERTIBLE FURNITURE......................29
4.1.1 Normal Furniture:...................................................................................................................29
4.1.2 Benefits of Normal Furniture:.................................................................................................29
4.1.3 Space-Saving Convertible Furniture:.......................................................................................29
4.1.4 Benefits of Convertible Furniture:..........................................................................................29
4.2 COST COMPARISON OF NORMAL AND CONVERTIBLE FURNITURE LAYOUTS............................32
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................33
REFERENCES.................................................................................................................................34

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 CHAPTER 1: SYNOPSIS

STUDIO APARTMENT WITH SMALL RESIDENTIAL UNIT

1.1 INTRODUCTION
In modern urban landscapes, the demand for compact and efficient living spaces is
on the rise due to increasing population density and limited land availability. Studio
apartments with small residential units offer an innovative solution to this challenge
by maximizing functionality within a minimal footprint. This thesis explores design
strategies for optimizing space utilization, focusing on the integration of convertible
furniture and multifunctional design elements to enhance liveability in compact
environments.

1.2 AIM
To design a functional and aesthetically pleasing studio apartment that
maximizes space efficiency while maintaining comfort and practicality
through innovative design solutions.

1.3 OBJECTIVE

 To analyse spatial planning strategies for small residential units.

 To explore the role of convertible furniture in optimizing limited spaces.
 To integrate multifunctional design elements for enhanced usability.
 To propose a design model that balances aesthetics, comfort, and
functionality.

1.4 SCOPE
The thesis focuses on the interior design of a studio apartment,
emphasizing spatial efficiency, convertible furniture, and multifunctional
solutions. The study will explore residential units between 300-600 sq. ft.,
addressing the needs of urban dwellers who seek practical yet stylish
living environments.

1.5 LIMITATION
This study is limited to examine the convertible furniture’s for studio apartment.

1.6 METHODOLOGY
1. Literature Review: Analysing existing studies on studio apartments, space-

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 saving techniques, and convertible furniture.
2. Case Studies: Examining successful small-space residential projects to
identify effective design strategies.
3. Design Development: Creating a studio apartment layout that incorporates
adaptable furniture and multifunctional spaces.
4. Analysis and Evaluation: Assessing the proposed design for efficiency,
comfort, and user experience.

1.7 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What are the primary spatial challenges faced in studio
apartments and small residential units?
2. How can convertible furniture contribute to optimizing space in
compact living areas?
3. What design strategies enhance functionality and aesthetics in
small residential spaces?
4. How can adaptability and flexibility improve the quality of life in
compact urban homes?
5. What are the ergonomic and practical considerations when
designing for small spaces?

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 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION
The concept of multifunctional furniture has emerged as a promising
solution to address the challenges faced by compact living spaces,
particularly in rapidly growing countries like India. This study aims to
provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature on
multifunctional furniture design, traditional Indian furniture practices, and
the socio-cultural factors influencing urban housing in India.
2.2 TRADITIONAL INDIAN FURNITURE AND MULTIFUNCTIONLITY
India's rich cultural heritage has long embraced the principles of multifunctionality
and adaptability in furniture design, reflecting the values of minimalism and resource
optimization (bala & biswas, 2019). Traditional Indian furniture, such as the iconic
charpai (woven bed), palna (cradle), and pedhis (stools), exemplify this ethos by
serving multiple purposes and being easily reconfigurable (kumar & parmar, 2016).
However, with rapid urbanization and changing lifestyles, there is a need to
modernize these concepts and integrate them with contemporary design principles to
meet the evolving needs of urban indian households (balaram, 2005).

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 2.3 MULTIFUNCTIONAL FURNITURE TYPOLOGIES AND DESIGN
PRINCIPLES
The literature presents various typologies of multifunctional furniture that have been
explored globally, including:

CONVERTIBLE MODULAR TRANSFORMABLE

FURNITURE FURNITURE FURNITURE

These pieces can transform Composed of customizable Adaptable living spaces that can
from one function to units that can be rearranged be reconfigured by utilizing
another, such as sofa beds, and combined in different movable partitions, sliding walls,
transformable dining tables, configurations to suit varying or multifunctional furniture to
and fold-out wall units. spatial needs and functions. create different functional zones.

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2.4 Underlying these typologies are several design principles that
guide the development of multifunctional furniture solutions, such
as:

 Ergonomics: ensuring that the furniture is comfortable, safe, and

easily operable for users of different ages and abilities (astonkar &
kherde, 2015).
 Functionality: incorporating multiple functions into a single piece while
maintaining usability and efficiency (wang, 2013).
 Aesthetics: creating visually appealing designs that complement the
overall interior aesthetics and cultural context (yelavich, 2021).
 Adaptability: allowing for easy reconfiguration and transformation to
accommodate changing needs and activities (nasser, 2013).
 Space efficiency: maximizing the utilization of limited space through
compactness, foldability, and efficient storage solutions (thogersen,
2017).

2.5 SUSTAINABLE AND AFFORDABLE SOLUTIONS

In the diverse socio-economic landscape of India, it is crucial to consider

sustainability and affordability when it comes to multifunctional furniture solutions.
Literature highlights the potential of incorporating sustainable materials, traditional
Indian craftsmanship, and locally sourced resources in the production of
multifunctional furniture (Balaram, 2005; Kumar & Parmar, 2016).

Additionally, the need for cost-effective and accessible solutions for low-income
urban households has led to research into the use of recycled materials, modular
designs, and community-based manufacturing initiatives (Nasser, 2013; Thorpe,
2015). These approaches not only promote environmental sustainability but also
foster economic empowerment and cultural preservation.

2.6 GAPS AND FUURE DIRECTIONS

While the current research provides valuable insights into designing multifunctional
furniture, there is a need for further study specifically addressing the unique
challenges and opportunities presented by the Indian urban context. Areas that
require more exploration include:

1. Developing design solutions that seamlessly blend traditional Indian

aesthetics, functional requirements, and contemporary multifunctional
furniture concepts, making them culturally relevant and contextually
appropriate (Bala & Biswas, 2019; Rybczynski, 2015).
2. Investigating the potential for collaborative approaches involving designers,
manufacturers, urban planners, and policymakers to create integrated and
holistic solutions for compact living in Indian cities (Nasser, 2013; Thorpe,
2015).

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 3. Conducting user-centered research and participatory design processes to
capture the diverse needs, preferences, and cultural nuances of urban Indian
households, ensuring that multifunctional furniture solutions are truly inclusive
and resonate with end-users (Verma & Sethi, 2018; Yelavich, 2021).
4. Exploring the integration of emerging technologies, such as smart home
systems, internet of things (IoT), and advanced materials, into multifunctional
furniture design to enhance functionality, adaptability, and user experience
(Resource Furniture, 2021; Yeung, 2019).

By addressing these gaps and leveraging India's rich cultural heritage and innovative
spirit, the development of multifunctional furniture solutions can contribute to creating
livable, sustainable, and culturally relevant compact urban living spaces.

2.7 POPULATION AND URBANIZATION GROWTH

Living in compact spaces is not a new phenomenon. For many years, humans have
resided in small flats and apartments, particularly in densely populated major cities
across China, Asia, and other regions of the world, due to rural-to-urban migration
(Beardmore, 1971). The United Nations' 2014 urbanization report projected a 66%
increase in urban populations by 2025 (United Nations, 2014). This rise in
urbanization is driven by the influx of people into cities, resulting in a higher demand
for apartments. This urban growth is a significant challenge, and the Western world
has proposed small apartments as a potential solution (Tokuda, 2004). Globally,
more people now live in urban areas than in rural areas. In 2007, for the first time in
history, the global urban population surpassed the world's rural population, and the
world's population has remained predominantly urban since then (United Nations,
2014).

Figure 7 The increasing population of the world (Source: DESA, U.N. (2014))

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2.8 SMALL APARTMENTS
Georgoulas et al. (2012) highlighted that the minimum bedroom area in an apartment
is typically around 6-9 square meters. Most apartments are divided into smaller units,
making them more compact. An open-plan layout can be an excellent choice for
small apartment design. The high demand for apartments results in higher marketing
prices. Many existing small apartments have only one or two rooms, which serve as
multipurpose spaces that should be utilized for various activities. Figure 8 shows that
there is only one space to be used as a living room, bedroom, and kitchen, and this
small space can serve multiple functions [Georgoulas et al., 2012]. Multipurpose
spaces in apartments can lead to a crowded feeling or even a psychological
perception of insufficient space (Kilman, 2016). The design of apartments' indoor
space strongly influences the comfort of the occupants. According to author Farah
Nasser, if the interior is not well designed, it could add stress to individuals'
psychology (Nasser, 2013). The author also discussed that housing can affect
human health both physically and psychologically and the occupants' perception of
themselves. Humans have different psychological responses to different interior
designs. Furniture is an essential part of interior design, and residents of apartments
often lack sufficient space to accommodate their furniture. Despite their drawbacks,
apartments have numerous positive aspects, especially environmentally, as these
small apartments require fewer resources to construct and maintain than single-
family homes, reducing the human footprint on the environment (Gentili, 2017).

Figure 8 A small apartment with an approximately floor space of 20m2 (Created by the Author)

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2.9 IMPORTANCE OF FURNITURE IN APARTMENTS

Furniture plays a significant role in our daily lives. It serves various purposes, from
providing comfort and functionality to enhancing the aesthetic appeal of a space.
Before designing any piece of furniture, it is essential to understand the user's
preferences and needs (Vaida et al., 2014). Additionally, furniture can sometimes be
a form of art, hold symbolic or religious significance, or even reflect the owner's
status.

Furniture and architecture share similar attributes. Both aim to create objects that
cater to human activities and enhance our quality of life. They should be visually
appealing and align with human psychology (Chen, 2016). There are numerous
types of furniture available for different functions (Kilman, 2016). The design and
placement of furniture can influence a person's mood. For instance, furniture
intended for storage may be difficult to move, leading to frustration (Gentili, 2017).
Furniture design can be considered a form of miniature architecture.

Furniture can be designed with sustainability in mind, through innovative structures,

space efficiency, and material conservation. The materials used in furniture can also
impact physiological responses, such as involuntary nervous activity (Tsunetsugu et
al., 2005). Today, architects and designers collaborate to create fusion between
architectural and interior elements, leading to space optimization and compact
functionality in furniture design (Gjakun, 2015).

Furniture is crucial in apartments, as it occupies approximately 50% of the floor

space. Common furniture pieces in apartments include beds, sofas, chairs, tables,
wardrobes, and commodes. Due to space constraints, there is a growing demand for
multipurpose, space-saving furniture (Xie, 2016). Furniture arrangement can also
influence the perception of space in a room, creating an illusion of a larger area
(Schneider & Till, 2005).

2.10 MULTIFUNCTIONAL FURNITURE

Small living spaces can be made more efficient through smart furniture solutions like
multifunctional/multipurpose furniture and modular furniture that serves multiple
purposes. Multifunctional furniture has various names like space-saving furniture,
transformable furnishings, etc. It has been around for a while, but its importance is
being increasingly recognized now.

Such furniture can transform and adjust to different uses by changing the spatial
arrangement of its components. Some examples include furniture that can work as a
table, chair, bookshelf, and wardrobe all at once (Farjami, 2014), or built-in wall units
that can open up to reveal a bed at night and serve as a wardrobe/table during the
day (Wang, 2013).

Multifunctional furniture is particularly useful in small apartments in densely

populated cities, where residents need to adapt limited space for multiple activities.

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An apartment should provide comfort, peace, and a healthy environment, but with
limited space, multipurpose furniture becomes a necessity (Gomes et al., 2015).

Due to changing lifestyles, people prefer solutions that don't add extra steps to their
daily activities, making multifunctional furniture an attractive option.

Figure 9: Modern multifunctional furniture ideas for small spaces (Courtesy of TAD The Architecture Design, 2020).

2.11 Design of a Transformable Furniture: A Necessary Innovation for

a Growing Population with a Fixed Land Mass

Many people today prefer living in smaller apartments or homes to have less
housework and be closer to jobs and amenities in cities. However, limited space in
these compact living areas creates challenges like lack of storage, workspace, and
proper furniture. To solve these issues, the research aimed to design a versatile and
transformable furniture set that combines a bed, study table, and cabinet into one
unit. This multifunctional furniture maximizes the use of tight spaces by providing
sleeping, working, and storage functions all in one piece.

2.12 The key objectives of the proposed furniture set are:

1. Consisting of a bed, sofa, and cabinet that can serve
multiple purposes
2. Efficiently utilizing space to create a sense of
spaciousness
3. Incorporating strategically placed drawers
and shelves for symmetry and organization
4. Maintaining a compact size while offering the required
functionalities
5. Designing the furniture set to be inclusive and suitable for
diverse users.
The overall goal is to develop a space-saving, multifunctional
furniture solution that can improve the living experience in small
apartments.
The researchers started with a pre-study to define the

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problem area and set the requirements for the furniture. This
pre-study involved:
 Discussions with students
 Literature review
 User survey
 Market research
 Ergonomics study
After the specification was set, the researchers began the concept generation phase.
They used design methods to structure and support the design activity,
and they followed the principles of inclusive design to ensure the design
would meet the needs of a wider range of users.

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The generated design concepts were then assessed based on how well
they fulfilled the set requirements. One final concept was selected for
further development in the detail design phase. This phase involved
specifying the design in detail, such as the materials, colors, and
accessories.
The chosen materials for the furniture set include Elder Plywood, stitch bond fabric
for the beds, fasteners, plastic sliding doors, foam, and nails. Design
calculations are provided to determine the weight, tensile stress and strain,
volume, bending moment, and torque of the lower bed.

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Figure 11
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/359685491/figure/fig2/AS:1140322864250880@1648
The furniture set incorporates three main components - a study table,
cabinet, and double bed. The lower bed uses a gas spring mechanism to
aid its opening and closing. The gas spring is chosen to provide a force
of around 900N to accommodate the weight of the bed and a typical
user.

Figure 11 https://www.iqsdirectory.com/articles/gas-spring/the-working-of-a-gas-spring.jpg

Figure 13 Gas spring mechanism for bed Figure 14 Lower bed coupled with the
support furniture set

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 Figure 15 Gas spring holding bed in position

The key principles of the design are to create a multi-functional furniture

piece that can meet the needs of diverse users, with features like a
hidden study table and storage compartments, as well as a transformable
lower bed that can be easily opened and closed.
The collaboration with the supervisor was crucial throughout the project,
as the supervisor provided inspiration, feedback, and important inputs to
the design process.
A prototype of the final design was then created and tested to assess the
design and gather input for further development.
The overall motive behind this research was to improve the comfort of
a growing population while minimizing cost and optimizing the use of
space.

Figure 16 Showing furniture rendering

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 CHAPTER 3: CASE STUDY
3.1 LITERATURE CASE STUDY
Brand name: Wooden street
Across India: Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bhopal, Chandigarh, Chennai,
Coimbatore, Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Goa, Gurgaon, Hyderabad, Indore,
Jaipur and more cities.
3.1.1 5 Trendy Convertible Furniture Pieces to Expand the Legroom
in your Compact homes are:

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There is a limited amount of space in compact homes, so when placing
furniture, one must plan the layout so that legroom is manageable.
People often have trouble finding furniture that doesn't take up much
space. And the one we found modest and high in functionality is - a
convertible furniture. This trend is gaining high popularity among all the
trends related to home furnishing and interiors. Whether having a sofa
that converts into a bed or a dining table that is convenient and foldable,
by upgrading the furniture with multi-functional items, you will be able to
adapt a lifestyle that revolves around sophistication and is an absolute
space saver.

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3.1.2 Double duty study table

A double duty study table is a multipurpose piece of furniture created to serve
various roles within a study area or workplace. It generally combines elements like
storage spaces, adjustable surfaces, or changeable components. This allows it to
maximize efficiency and usefulness while taking up a small amount of room. Such a
table is well-suited for multitasking or situations where space is limited.

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 Figure 18 https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?
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3.1.3 Spacious Utility of Folding Dining Table

A foldable dining table offers multifunctional utility, serving dual purposes as a dining
surface and a space-optimizing solution. Its adaptability makes it suitable for diverse
settings, ranging from compact living spaces to accommodating large gatherings.
The table's collapsible design allows for effortless storage when not in use, thereby
maximizing the available space in any given environment. This versatile piece of
furniture provides convenience and flexibility, making it an ideal choice for efficient
space management

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3.1.4 Functional Cradle for the Baby Boss

A well-designed cradle for infants like the Baby Boss provides a secure and cozy
sleeping environment while keeping the baby's needs in mind. It is built with durable
materials and incorporates elements like mesh siding for proper air flow. The cradle
can be raised or lowered to a comfortable height for parents. Gentle rocking or
swaying motions help soothe the baby. The cradle's design allows caregivers easy
access to attend to the infant's needs. Safety, baby's comfort, and parental
convenience are the top priorities in the cradle's functional yet thoughtful design.

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 Figure 20 https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?
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3.1.5 Compact Bar Cabinet for the Fancy Amigos

The Compact Bar Cabinet for the Fancy Amigos is a stylish and space-saving
solution designed to store and showcase your beverages and bar accessories.
Crafted with elegance and practicality in mind, it features a sleek and modern design
made from high-quality materials, offering a sophisticated way to entertain guests
and elevate any social event with style and sophistication.

3.2 LIVE CASE STUDY

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Case Study Report for Kala Kruti Furniture
3.2.1 Introduction: Kala Kruti Furniture, located at 22, Bijli Nagar,
Bicholi Hapsi Road in Indore, offers a unique and innovative furniture piece.
All types of modern, stylish and attractively designed furniture is available.
All furniture’s are made up of Akashiya wood, Teak wood, Plywood, MDF,
Engineering wood, Sheeshm, Pine wood, Metal MS/SS etc. Finish is also

24
provided on sunmica, veneer in glossy/matt finish with knockdown facilities
of furniture for easy handling.
3.2.2 Convertible Sofa Bed: The first product in our analysis is a
convertible sofa bed, priced at INR 28,000. This piece of furniture is
crafted from furn mill wood and features a hidden sliding bed. The bed
can be easily converted from a sofa into a bed, making it an ideal choice
for small apartments or homes where space is a premium. This versatile
furniture piece allows users to save space and multitask by serving both
as a comfortable seating arrangement and a functional bed.

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Figure 23 Author

3.2.3 Expandable Dining Table: The second product is an expandable dining

table, which is made of glass material. This dining table comes with an innovative
design that enables it to expand in size when additional seating is required. The
expandability feature makes it an excellent option for families or individuals who
frequently entertain guests or have large gatherings.

25
3.2.4 Multifunctional Center Table: Another intriguing offering from
Kala Kruti
Furniture is a multifunctional center table. This center table can serve not only as a
regular center table but also as a dining table when needed. Its space- saving design
makes it a popular choice among homeowners looking to optimize their living
spaces.

Figure 26 Author clicked Figure 27 Author clicked

3.2.5 Modular Mix and Match Sofa: Lastly, Kala Kruti Furniture
presents a modular mix and match sofa. This unique sofa design allows
users to remove one piece from the middle of the sofa and use it as a
standalone seating unit instead of a traditional 4-5 seater sofa. This
customizable feature provides customers with the flexibility to create a
seating arrangement tailored to their specific needs and preferences.

26

Figure 28 Author clicked

3.3 Case Study Report: Evok Furniture and Home Décor by Hindware
3.3.1 Introduction: Evok Furniture and Home Décor by Hindware is a
renowned furniture store located on the third floor of 11, Mahatma Gandhi
Rd, TI Mall, South Tukoganj, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452001. The store
offers a wide range of convertible furniture pieces that cater to the modern
lifestyle needs of customers.
3.3.2 Sofa Converted to Bed - Suede Fabric: This convertible sofa
bed offers functionality and style in one piece of furniture. The suede fabric adds a
touch of elegance to any living space. It is a space-saving solution for small apartments
or guest rooms, dual-purpose furniture for seating and sleeping needs.

Figure 29 Author clicked Figure 30 Author clicked

3.3.3 Sofa to Recliners: The sofa-to-recliner transformation provides

ultimate comfort and relaxation for users looking to unwind after a long
day.Its feature is multiple reclining positions, plush cushioning, high-quality
upholstery.Versatile seating option for entertainment areas, promotes better
posture and relaxation.

Figure 21 Author clicked Figure 42 Author clicked

27
Figure 31 Author clicked Figure 51 Author clickedFigure 62 Author
clicked
3.3.4 Sheeshm Study Table Wall Mounted with Shelves
(Price: Rs. 16,000): This wall- mounted study table made from Sheeshm
wood offers a functional workspace without occupying floor space. Its feature is
sturdy construction, ample storage with shelves, elegant design. Ideal for
compact rooms or home offices, enhances room aesthetics with natural wood
finish.

Figure 33 Author clicked Figure 34 Author clicked

Figure 33 Author clicked Figure 34 Author clicked

CHAPTER 4: INFERENCES
4.1 COMPARISON BETWEEN REGULAR FURNITURE AND
CONVERTIBLE FURNITURE
4.1.1 Normal Furniture:
 Fixed Functionality: Normal furniture typically serves a single purpose. For
example, a regular sofa is designed solely for seating.
 Space Requirements: They often require more space due to their fixed
design and functionality. For instance, a standard dining table occupies a
certain amount of space even when not in use.
 Limited Flexibility: Normal furniture lacks flexibility in terms of adaptability to
different situations or space constraints.
 Aesthetic Appeal: While aesthetics can vary, normal furniture tends to have
a traditional appearance, which may suit specific design preferences.

4.1.2 Benefits of Normal Furniture:

 Comfort: They are often designed with comfort in mind, providing ample
support and cushioning.
 Durability: Traditional furniture pieces are usually built to last, with sturdy
materials and construction.
 Customization: With normal furniture, you have the option to select pieces
that match your style preferences and needs, although customization options

28
 might be limited compared to convertible furniture.

4.1.3 Space-Saving Convertible Furniture:

 Multifunctionality: Convertible furniture is designed to serve multiple
purposes. For example, a sofa bed can function as seating during the day and
a bed at night, maximizing utility in smaller spaces.
 Compact Design: These pieces are specifically crafted to optimize space
usage. They often feature collapsible, foldable, or expandable elements,
allowing for easy storage when not in use.
 Adaptability: Convertible furniture is highly adaptable, making it suitable for
various living arrangements or changing needs. For example, a folding dining
table can be expanded to accommodate guests or folded away for extra floor
space.
 Modern Aesthetics: Many convertible furniture designs prioritize sleek,
modern aesthetics, appealing to those with contemporary taste.

4.1.4 Benefits of Convertible Furniture:

 Space Efficiency: The primary advantage is space-saving, making
convertible furniture ideal for small apartments, studio apartments, or rooms
with limited space.
 Versatility: Convertible furniture offers versatility, allowing you to transform
your living space to suit different activities or occasions without cluttering the
area.
 Functionality: It maximizes functionality without compromising comfort or
style, providing solutions for various living situations.

Figure 35 Author

Figure 35 Author

29
In small living spaces, using normal furniture can make the area feel congested.
Convertible furniture solutions, like the one shown in figure 35, offer a smart
alternative. By serving multiple purposes, convertible furniture saves space and
utilizes it efficiently. It eliminates clutter, creates a sense of openness, and provides
flexibility to adapt to different needs. This innovative approach to furniture design is
perfect for maximizing space in compact areas.

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kluOhtn4Con8LUb68lq0aJC9qEjt7SJsLD

Figure40 Figure41 https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images? 30

Figure 39 https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?
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4.2 COST COMPARISON OF NORMAL AND CONVERTIBLE FURNITURE
LAYOUTS
The cost comparison between normal and convertible furniture is presented in the
chart below, which is based on data from three live case studies and literature
reviews. The chart reveals that convertible furniture offers a cost-effective solution for
small living spaces, with an average savings of 30% compared to traditional
furniture. This significant cost reduction, coupled with the space-saving benefits,
makes convertible furniture an attractive option for those seeking efficient and
affordable furniture solutions.

Figure 42 Author

31
 CONCLUSION
This study looked at convertible furniture that can change its use and shape to save
space in small living areas like apartments. Regular furniture takes up a lot of room
and has only one purpose. But convertible furniture can transform from one thing to
another, like a sofa becoming a bed. This allows the same piece to be used in
multiple ways in a small space.
The study discussed different types of convertible furniture such as sofa beds,
folding tables, wall-mounted desks, and storage units that expand or unfold. These
space-saving designs are modern and stylish, while also being very functional and
practical for compact homes and apartments.
The research found that convertible furniture is better than regular furniture for small
spaces because it:

 Saves space by having multiple uses

 Is flexible to adapt to different needs
 Creates a sense of openness by avoiding clutter
 Maximizes use of limited square footage

Overall, as cities get more crowded and apartments get smaller, innovative
convertible furniture will become increasingly important. It allows people to live
comfortably in smaller spaces by using furniture that can transform and serve
multiple purposes efficiently. The study concludes that convertible furniture is the
smart way to optimize space in compact modern living.

32
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