SMART HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM

1
Subhramoy Dey 2
Sayak Bhar
Academy of Technology, Moulana Abul Kalam Azad Academy of Technology, Moulana Abul Kalam Azad
University of Technology, G.T. Road, Adisaptagram, University of Technology, G.T. Road, Adisaptagram,
Aedconagar, Hooghly-712121, WB, India Aedconagar, Hooghly-712121, WB, India
email: [email protected] email: [email protected]
3
Shuvangi Karmakar 4
Arjun Santra
Academy of Technology, Moulana Abul Kalam Azad Academy of Technology, Moulana Abul Kalam Azad
University of Technology, G.T. Road, Adisaptagram, University of Technology, G.T. Road, Adisaptagram,
Aedconagar, Hooghly-712121, WB, India Aedconagar, Hooghly-712121, WB, India
email: [email protected] email: [email protected]
5
Ayan Bhunia
Academy of Technology, Moulana Abul Kalam Azad
University of Technology, G.T. Road, Adisaptagram,
Aedconagar, Hooghly-712121, WB, India
email: [email protected]

Abstract
With the increasing development of modern technology and many ways. Communication is the process of transferring
Smartphone, smart way of living has turned out to be a major information from one point to other point. It can be done in
part in the present era of human life. Due to rapid growth in two ways i.e., either by wireless communication or wired
Technology, Bluetooth has brought a revolutionary change. communication. Among these two types of communication
Bluetooth technology, which aims to exchange data wirelessly wireless communication have proved to be more popular
within a range of short distance by providing a necessary among everyone which received huge appreciation from all
platform to create convenience and controllability. Being
parts of the world. The main reason behind this is to provide
wireless, it has wide range of applications. In this paper we
presented one of its day to day application i.e..,
security to the users. Among different wireless
Home automation, which is controlled by using Android Smart technologies, Bluetooth technology stands on the
Phone. A Bluetooth module (HC-05) is used to control the top as it is able to provide a communication
home appliances that are connected to Arduino Uno board. between devices and users in a simple and
The home appliances that we need to control are connected to efficient manner. There are many types of
the Input / Output ports of the Arduino Uno board and Bluetooth devices that are being used in our
communication is established between the Arduino Uno board daily life. In these various types of Bluetooth
and Bluetooth device using Serial Communication. The switch devices there are several types of Bluetooth
mode and voice mode are used to control the home appliances.
modules that are designed to control various
Home automation not only helps to reduce human efforts but is
also energy efficient and time saving. The main objective of
appliances. These modules are based on
home automation is to help handicapped and old aged people several specifications based on which they
that will enable them to control home appliances and alert perform the operations that are related to it. One
them in some immediate situations. The system intended to of its specifications is that, they work within a
control electrical appliances and devices in house with range of 45metres and will operate at 2.4GHz
relatively low cost design, user-friendly interface and ease of frequency. Using this we are designing a home
installation. automation system which works with the help of
a Bluetooth technology. The main important aspect of this
Keywords—Arduino Uno, sensors, Home project is the home appliances can be controlled either by
Automation, Bluetooth, Android . voice command or by tapping the switch on the mobile
application. It will help the aged people and the disabled
Type of the submission: “Regular Research persons to control the appliances easily. The Bluetooth
Paper” module that is used here is HC-05. First of all
Name of the Conference: CALCON 2017 when designing a home automation system we have to
consider about some issues like, the user should be able to
connect to that Bluetooth module from any device he would
wish to. He should be able to change the host
1. INTRODUCTION
from one device to other device and that module
Due to tremendous growth in the present day emerging should work accordingly. If any fault occurs it
technology, humans are adapted to these technologies in should be able to diagnose it and the system
should work immediately when an instruction is
given to improve the nature of wireless
technology. Arduino board is used here as it is able The Master device can not only pair with specified devices
to provide high security to our system. but also can search and make pair with slave device
automatically. On some specific conditions master and slave
2. BLUETOOTH MODULE (HC-05) devices can make pair with each other automatically. After
HC-05 is a Bluetooth serial interface module which is used power on, first set the PIN34 as high level, the Baud rate
at Civil level and not at the industrial level. This level has used here is of our own requirement. All AT commands can
two types of modules (HC-05, Hc-06) [1].These modules are be operated only when the PIN34 is at high level.
used for converting serial port to Bluetooth. Only part of the AT commands can be used if
Generally, these Bluetooth modules have two PIN34 is not set to high level after entering to the
modes: master and slave device. HC-05 has an AT mode. Using this kind of design, we can set
advantage where users can set the work mode permissions for the module that is left to the
(master or slave) of the device by AT commands. user’s external control circuit that makes the
The main function of Bluetooth serial module is application of HC-05 much more flexible. During the
replacing the serial port line. Once the devices process of communication, the module can enter to AT
are paired connection can be established between mode by setting PIN3 to high level. By releasing PIN34, the
them. This Bluetooth connection is equivalent to module can go back to communication mode in which
a serial port line connection which includes user can inquire some information dynamically.
Received, Transmitted signals and they can use Default baud rate we can use is 9600. PIN31 refers to LED1,
the Bluetooth serial module to communicate with which is the indicator of Bluetooth mode. Slow flicker (1Hz)
each other. The communication between two means entering to the AT mode, while fast flicker (2Hz)
Bluetooth modules requires at least two represents entering to the pair mode. Double flicker per
conditions: second represents pairing is finished, the module is
1. The communication must be between master communicable. PIN32 refers to LED2, where the state is at
and slave. low level before pairing, and after the pairing the state is at
high level. It is the output terminal. During the pairing, the
2. The password must be correct. In HC-06, user can’t reset
current is fluctuant in the range of 30-40mA. The mean
the work mode (master or slave) and only a few AT
current is about 25mA. After paring, no matter processing
commands and functions can be used, like reset
communication or not, the current is 8mA.There is no sleep
the name of Bluetooth (only the slave), reset the
mode. This parameter is same for all the Bluetooth modules.
password, reset the baud rate. But the command
PIN11 is RESET, it is active when its input is low level.
set of HC-05 is more flexible than HC-06 and so
PIN1 is the transmitter pin and PIN2 is the receiver pin.
only it is mainly recommended for the user. In
PIN12 is Vcc and PIN13 is GND. PIN34 is Mode switch
this master and slave mode can be switched at a
input. If it’s input is at low level, the module is paired or is
time.
at communication mode. If it’s input is at high level, the
3.1 Role of Master: module will enter to AT mode. Even though the module
is at communication mode, the module can enter to AT
Normally, there is no specific function mode if PIN34 input is high level. Then it will go back to
in this to remember the last paired device, even the communication mode if PIN34 is input low level again.
though it can be paired to any slave device. If we These all features make HC-05 more flexible for use when
want HC-05 to remember the last paired slave compared to all other Bluetooth modules. HC-05 has a better
device you can set AT+CMODE=0 after pairing feature when compared to HC-06 as its master and slave
with the other device. Pin diagram of HC-05 is mode can be switched whereas they cannot be switched in
shown in fig2: HC-06. Once the system is disconnected Hc-05 will search
for new devices whereas Hc-06 will connect to the last
paired device, unless reset button is switched it will not
search for new device. During the process of communication
the module can enter at AT mode but, it is not
possible in HC-06. HC-05 will cover all functions of HC-06,
but HC-06 can’t perform all the functions of HC-05.

3. SPEECH PROCESSING UNIT

The speech processing is done within the android

application. Android speech recogniser class id used here for
converting the speech to text. This class needs permission
RECORD_AUDIO from the device. Therefore we use a
switch case for sending a single character to the arduino for
every command recorded.
Fig2: HC-05
 4. FIRE ALARM MODULE serial module has to pair it with the near Bluetooth devices.
Our android character basically transmits a single character
Inside a room whenever it catches fire it produces smoke for each button press. For speech recognition we have used
and heat. So if we can detect it we can alarm the user and google voice recognition system. There are predefined
can save lives and other households. The fire alarm module commands for turning on or off the appliances for each
detects the fire using two sensor module Smoke sensor(MQ- successful command a single character is transmitted. Hence
2) and Temperature sensor(DHT11) and generates the alarm HC-05 module receives the transmitted bit and send the bit
by turning on a buzzer. to the arduino uno board. The arduino programmer has to
4.1. Smoke sensor : The gas sensor can detect H2, LPG, develop a switch-case algorithm to control the appliance
CH4, CO, Alcohol, Smoke and Propane. By using this accordingly.
sensor we can measure the concentration of gas. The reading Initially to start our process we need to
is directly sent to the arduino uno board. Therefore the install the application that we developed in our
microcontroller checks if the concentration of gas is above android mobile and then switch ON the
the predefined level or not. After comparison it gives output Bluetooth in our mobile, make sure that the
as programmed. Bluetooth is in ON condition or not. If it is not
4.2. The arduino receives the reading of temperature sensor ON then turn it ON. Once the Bluetooth is turned
and converts it in degree unit. Therefore after comparing the ON give power supply to the HC-05 Bluetooth
value with the predefined value it gives the output. module and pair it with the android mobile via
Bluetooth. Pairing between these devices is done
4.3.The output is mainly a alarm. The alarm will be turned by typing the secured password which is set by
on for the following cases. us. Make sure that the module is in given range
as all the controls works only if the Bluetooth
4.3.1. When only smoke sensor will indicate high
module is in our range This Bluetooth module
concentration.
has another option of connecting to the last
4.3.2. When the temperature sensor will indicate a paired device directly i.e, if the device is already
high temperature. paired and got disconnected it can get paired
automatically as it is already stored in phone
4.3.3. When both the sensors indicating danger. memory. This is the flexibility that is available
with this Bluetooth module.
The software supports any type of instruction i.e,
5. DESIGN PROCEDURE they can either be Upper characters or Lower
character or numbers or symbols. Once, if an
In this paper we present a home instruction is given in the application, FPGA
automation system which is secured and flexible receives the instruction via serial port and then it
that is controlled using an android app in a cell checks whether the given instruction has valid
phone. Arduino Uno board is used to control the home address or not. If the instruction is valid then the
appliances which are connected through relays corresponding appliance works and if it is not
via I/O pins of the arduino Uno board. The communication valid, the system will repeat the process until a
between the Bluetooth module and the cell phone is valid instruction is given.
wireless and then that module is serially
connected to the arduino uno board through the Tx & Rx 6.REAL TIME IMPLEMENTATION
pins available in the arduino uno board for the control of
home appliances. The overall architecture of the system is
shown in fig3: Android app is developed in JAVA script

Fig4: Interfacing Bluetooth Module with Arduino

Fig3: Architecture of the system
according to the Bluetooth module specifications.
Modifications in app can be made. Initially the Bluetooth
 6. CONCLUSION

Due to tremendous growth in technology and advancements

in wireless communication, smart way of living has turned
out to be a major part in the present era of human life. We
have proposed a smart home automation system which is
operated with the help of android smart phone by using
Bluetooth Technology and home appliances will be
controlled through arduino uno using relays. Work is
implemented in real time and appliances are controlled
according to the voice commands as well as button control
from android mobile.
Fig5: Testing Somke Sensor (MQ-2)
7. ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Authors would also like to thank all the group members and
the faculty members of Academy of Technology for their
valuable suggestions and co-operation.

Fig6: Android app : Bluetooth connection page

Fig7: Android app : Mode of operation

Fig8: Android app : control page