MANAGEMENT EDUCATION AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Name: - Sandipan Sarkar Submitted to: -Dr.(Prof)Deepshika Kalra

Program: - MBA Designation: - Dean
Semester: - 3st
Roll Number: - 36015103923
 INDEX
S.No Detail Page No.
1 Google Sheet
1.1 Conditional Formatting
1.2 Pivot Table
1.3 IF Function
1.4 Count IF
1.5 Find and Replace
1.6 VLOOKUP
 Practical 1
Google Sheet
Google Sheets is a free, web-based spreadsheet application that allows users to create, edit, and format spreadsheets,
and collaborate with others in real-time:
• Create spreadsheets: Users can create spreadsheets from the Sheets home screen at sheets.google.com.
• Edit and format: Users can add, edit, or format text, numbers, or formulas.
• Share and collaborate: Users can share files and folders with others and choose whether they can view, edit,
or comment on them.
• Track changes: A revision history tracks any changes made to the spreadsheet.
• Manage permissions: Users can manage permissions for editing, downloading, copying, or printing for
specific collaborators.
• Use AI-powered features: Google Sheets Premium offers AI-powered spreadsheets that can help users
manage, visualize, and analyse data.

1.1 Conditional Formatting

In Google Sheets, conditional formatting allows you to dynamically change a cell's text style and background color
based on custom rules you set. Every rule you set is created using an if this, then that statement.
In the example below, the rule tells Google Sheets, "If any cell in column E is equal to 0%, then change that cell's
background color to light yellow."
Range: The cell (or cells) which the rule applies to. In the example above, the range is "E:E" (i.e., all of column E).
Condition: This is the "if" part of the if this, then that rule. It refers to the trigger event that needs to happen for the
rule to run. In the example above, the condition is "is equal to."
Formatting: This is the "then" part of the if this, then that rule. It refers to the formatting that should apply to any
given cell, if the conditions are met. In the example above, the style is "background color to light yellow."

1. Select a range
First, select your desired range. You can do these one of two ways.
Option 1: Highlight a range directly in the spreadsheet. This can be anything from a single cell to multiple cells
across different rows and columns. If you're not managing a lot of data, this is the quickest way to go.
Option 2: Without highlighting anything, select Format > Conditional formatting. From the Conditional format rules
window that appears, enter your desired range under Apply to range.
To add more ranges, click Select data range, which looks like a grid, from the cell range text box. In the Select a
data range window that appears, click Add another range.
2. Create the condition
Once you've selected your range, create your trigger rule (i.e., you’re if this, then that statement) in the Format cells
if section. There are a lot of triggers to choose from, which will impact how you format your rule. Let's look at the
most common triggers.

Apply conditional formatting based on number values

To automatically format a cell based on numbers, use any of these triggers:
 Greater than
 Greater than or equal to
 Less than
 Less than or equal to
 Is equal to
 Is not equal to
 Is between
 Is not between

1. Select column E, and click Format > Conditional formatting.

2. Under Format cells if, select Greater than or equal to.
3. In the Value or formula field, enter 20%.
Apply conditional formatting to an entire row
Let's kick things up a notch and apply conditional formatting to entire rows. To do this, using a custom formula is
your best bet.
1. Highlight your entire data set (in this case, A3:F14), and select Format > Conditional formatting.
2. Under Format cells if, select Custom formula is (last option).
3. In the Value or formula field, enter =$B:$B="Tampa".
Apply conditional formatting using a color scale
The color scale is another formatting style that makes it easier to visualize values on a spectrum.
1. Highlight column E, and then click Format > Conditional formatting.
2. In the Conditional format rules window, click Color scale. The default formatting will appear, highlighting
the lowest stretch goal percentages with a highly saturated color (in this case, dark green) and the highest
ones with a less saturated version of the same color (in this case, light green).

Apply conditional formatting based on dates

Before applying conditional formatting, rules using dates, it's important to use a consistent date format throughout
your spreadsheet.
To do this, highlight any cells that include dates, click Format > Number. From here, you can either select the
default date format, or select Custom date and time and choose your preferred style.
Now that your date format is consistent throughout, let's apply some conditional formatting rules. Here are your
options for date-based rules:
 Date is
 Date is before
 Date is after

1. Highlight column F, and then click Format > Conditional formatting.

2. Under Format cells if, select Date is before > Exact date.
3. In the Value or number field, enter 09/01/2023.
1.2 Pivot Table
A pivot table in Google Sheets is a tool that summarizes data in a spreadsheet by rearranging it in a new table. This
allows you to quickly analyse large amounts of data, identify trends, and gain new insights.
How to use a pivot table in Google Sheets
1. Open a Google Sheets spreadsheet.
2. Select all of the cells with source data that you want to use (including column headers).
3. Click Insert, and select Pivot table.
4. In the Create pivot table panel that appears, choose if you want to insert your pivot table into a new sheet or
an existing sheet. Then click Create.
5. In the Pivot table editor panel, next to Rows and Columns, click Add for each one. This lets you select the
data you want to analyse.
6. In the same panel, next to Values, click Add. This lets you select the values you want to display within the
rows and columns.
7. If you want to display only values that meet certain criteria, add filters.
How to create a pivot table in Google Sheets
1. Select all of the cells with source data that you want to use, including the column headers. To highlight all
your data at once, use the keyboard shortcut: command+A on a Mac or ctrl+A in Windows. (If your data set
contains columns without headers, you'll need to name these columns in order to create a pivot table.)
2. Click Insert, and select Pivot table.
3. In the Create pivot table panel that appears, choose if you want to insert your pivot table into a new sheet or
an existing sheet. Then click Create.
How to edit a pivot table in Google Sheets
When Google Sheets first populates your pivot table, a Pivot table editor panel will automatically appear. This is
where you'll customize your pivot table to build different reports.
If you close the editor but need to access it again, hover over the pivot table, and then click Edit.

How to customize your pivot table in Google Sheets.

 Rows and columns help you build the two-dimensional data set on which you can calculate your third-
dimension values. In this instance, our base data is Client Name (row) and Project Type (column).
 The value we want to get in the cells where Client Name and Project Type meet is Total Amount Billed.
 The filter allows you to analyse only a specific subset of data. In this case, we want to use data from only
2023.
Add rows to your pivot table
First, we need to set up our table to show both the list of clients and project types. In the Pivot table editor panel,
beside Rows, click Add, and select Client Name.

Google Sheets automatically takes the source data for Client Names, removes any duplicates, and populates a list of
unique values as rows in your pivot table. By default, the client names will appear in alphabetical order (A to Z).
Add columns to your pivot table
The next step is to add Project Type as the columns. In the editor, next to Columns, click Add, and select Project
Type. Now your table should display each project type as separate column headers across columns B to G.

Add values to your pivot table

In the editor, next to Values, click Add, and then click Amount Billed. Make sure that the dropdown under
Summarize by is set to SUM. This way, you get the total amount billed versus, say, the average amount billed.
Add filters to your pivot table
In the editor, next to Filters, click Add, and select Year. By default, all available years (2022 and 2023) from the
source data are selected. Deselect 2022, and click OK.

1.3 IF Function

2 The IF function is a premade function in Google Sheets, which returns values based on
a true or false condition.
3 It is typed =IF and has 3 parts:

IF(logical_expression, value_if_true, value_if_false)

The condition is referred to as logical_expression, which can check things like:

 If a number is greater than another number >

 If a number is smaller than another number <
 If a number or text is equal to something =
1. Select the cell D2
2. Type =IF
3. Click the IF command

4. Specify the condition B2="Grass"

5. Type,
6. Specify the value "Yes" for when the condition is TRUE
7. Type,
8. Specify the value "No" for when the condition is FALSE
9. Hit enter
Since the value in cell B2 is "Grass", the condition is true and the function will return "Yes".

Now, each row has a check for Grass Type:

Example IF Function (greater than)

Check if the Pokemon’s total stats is greater than 500:

The function returns "Yes" or "No".

Example IF function, step by step:

1. Select the cell D2

2. Type =IF
3. Click the IF command

4. Specify the condition C2>500

5. Type,
6. Specify the value "Yes" for when the condition is TRUE
7. Type,
8. Specify the value "No" for when the condition is FALSE
9. Hit enter
Since the value in cell C2 is 318, the condition is false and the function will return "No".
Now, each row has a check for having more than 500 total stats:

1.4 Count IF

The COUNTIF function is a premade function in Google Sheets, which counts cells that match a
specified condition.

It is typed =COUNTIF and has two parts:

=COUNTIF(range, criterion)

The condition is referred to as criterion, which can check things like:

 If a number is greater than another number >

 If a number is smaller than another number <
 If a number or text is equal to something =

Countif Function Example

Apply the COUNTIF function to range B2:B21, to count how many Pokemons there are of Fighting, Water and
Grass types:
COUNTIF function, step by step:

1. Select the cell G4

2. Type =COUNTIF
3. Click the COUNTIF command

4. Specify the range B2:B21 for the Type 1 values

5. Type,
6. Specify the criteria (the cell F4, which as the value "Fighting")
7. Hit enter
Now, we can see the number of Fighting, Water and Grass type Pokemon from this list:
1.5 Find and Replace

1. From the main menu, select Edit, then Find and Replace.
You can also use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + H (Cmd + H on Mac) to find and replace.
This will load the Find and replace feature:

2. Type the word or string that you want to find into the "Find" textbox.

3. Type the replace text string in the "Replace with" textbox.

Type the word or string you want to replace in the text box beside the Find label and the string to replace it in the
text box beside the Replace with label. For our example, we want to replace Zurich with Barnard.
 4. Click Replace all.

Depending on what you need, you can replace every instance at once or replace the strings one-by-one.
‍
To replace the string one-by-one, click Find first. Google Sheets will highlight the first result. The Replace button
will become visible. You can enter a specific string to replace the original.
Click the Replace button. A message saying that the string was replaced will be displayed. Google Sheets will
automatically go to the next instance of your search term. From there, you can click Replace again or enter a new
term in the Replace with textbox and then press replace.

If you want to replace them all at once, click the Replace all button. A message indicating the number of
instances replaced will appear after the operation.

Before:

After (note the two upper cells containing “Zurich” now contain "Barnard"):
1.6 VLOOKUP

The VLOOKUP function is a premade function in Google Sheets, which allows searches across columns.

It is typed =VLOOKUP and has the following parts:

=VLOOKUP(search_key, range, index, [is_sorted])

search key: Select the cell where search values will be entered.

range: The table range, including all cells in the table.

index: The data which is being looked up. The input is the number of the column, counted from the left:

[is_sorted]: TRUE/1 if the range is sorted or FALSE/0 if it is not sorted.

Vlookup Function
Lookup and return Pokemon names from this list by their ID#:

The VLOOKUP function, step by step:

1. Select the cell H4

2. Type =VLOOKUP
3. Click the VLOOKUP command

H4 is where the search result is displayed. In this case, the Pokemon's names based on their ID#.
 4. Select the cell where search value will be entered (H3)

H3 selected as serach_key. This is the cell where the search query is entered. In this case the Pokemon's ID#.

5. Type,
6. Specify the table range A2:E21

7. Type,
8. Type the number of the Name column, counted from the left: 2
9. Type TRUE
10. Hit enter

An illustration for selecting column index number 2:

Now, the function returns the Name value of the search_key specified in cell H3:
Good job! The function returns the #N/A value. This is because there have not been entered any value to the Search
ID# cell H3.

Let us feed a value to it, type 7 into cell H3:

Have a look at that! The VLOOKUP function has successfully found the Pokemon Squirtle which has the ID# 7.

One more time, type 4 into cell H3:

Clicking and holding coloumn A and dragging it between columns B and C will rearrange them like this:

Now, the function is trying to look up 4 in the Name column, which returns the #N/A error.

Let's switch the labels, and try to enter Caterpie into the cell H3, where the vlookup functions finds the search key:
Let's change the value of the [is_sorted] part of the function from TRUE to FALSE:

Now, the function correctly returns Caterpie's real ID number: