ELECTRICAL WIRING ACCESSORIES: Electrical wiring:

“The items used in domestic and industrial electrical wiring are called electrical
accessories, e.g., switch, holder, socket, plug-top, ceiling rose, fuse cut-out etc. A Electrical wiring is an electrical installation of
switch is used to make a circuit ON and OFF. A holder is used with a lamp, a ceiling rose cabling and associated devices such as switches,
is used with a ceiling fan, tube light or a pendant lamp. A socket is used to provide main distribution boards, sockets, and light fittings in a
supply to a portable appliance, such as, table fan, table lamp, electric iron, radio, T.V. structure. Wiring is subject to safety standards for
etc. A fuse cut-out is used to stop an excess flow of current in a circuit. The common design and installation.
electrical accessories are made of bakelite which is a good insulating material and
which is least affected by moisture and oil etc.
I. SWITCH Cleat wiring:
This wiring consists of ordinary VIR or PVC insulated wires and is braided and compounded
A switch is used to make or break the electric circuit. Or it is used to switch “ON on walls and ceilings by means of porcelain cleats, wood, or plastic. It is a kind of temporary
or OFF” the electric supply. When we switch off the electric supply, the arc is system and is not suitable for domestic usage. For example, used in an under-construction
produced between the switch blades and contacts terminals. building.
Disadvantages:
Advantages:
ii. Fluorescent Lamp (Tube) Holder ❖ It is easy to fault detection. ❖
❖
It has a bad appearance.
It is not looking good.
❖ It is easy to repair.
❖ This is the temporary wiring ❖ This wiring system is not safe
system. and durable.
These are used to hold the fluorescent tube and pin type holders are generally used. ❖ It is a chance to shock or fire.
❖ It is the cheapest for internal
wiring. ❖ It is not a sustainable wiring
❖ Alternation and addition are easy. system
iII. Ceiling Rose

These are fixed on walls near the ceiling. Normally these are used to provide tapping to the pendent lamp
holder, ceiling fan and fluorescent tube etc through the flexible wire. Wooden casing & capping:
In this wiring, the VIR cables are enclosed under wooden casings. It is obsolete now these
Iv. Socket days. Repairing is easy when the phase and neutral wire are separately installed in slots
Advantages: Disadvantages:
The sockets have insulated base with moulded base having three terminal sleeves. The two terminal sleeves ❖ Much cheaper than other wiring ❖ Fault detection might require a bit more
having same cross-section are used to connect phase and neural wire where as the third having greater cross- systems such as sheathed and conduit time
❖ Enough room for customized ❖ Not suitable for industries as the system
section is used to connect with earth wire. These are made for 5 amps and 15 amps load. Two-pin sockets are also installation doesn’t work in acidic conditions
available, in which only phase and neutral wires are connected. These are available in 5-amp capacity. These may ❖ Metallic wires can be used along with ❖ In case of overheating or a short circuit,
be surface type or piano-types. The surface type accessories are obsolete now days. PVC there’s a risk of fire
❖ Comes with a reduced risk of electric ❖ Not the best option for external use as
shock the wiring system durability decreases
V. Plug much faster

The plugs are also having moulded three pins of brass or any electrically conducting material. These are also
made of 5 amp and 15-amp rating. These are used for taking power from socket.
C.T.S or T.R.S.
vi. Main Switch ❑ Tough rubber sheathed (T.R.S) is a type of internal wiring that was invented by the St. Helens Cable Co.,
and is typically overtaken onto an already insulated conductor named C.T.S. (cable tire sheath).
❑ In the tough rubber sheathed cable, the conductor is insulated with vulcanized rubber insulation.

As the name indicates that this switch is used to switch “on or off” the main supply. In other words these Advantages: Disadvantages:
switches are used to control the whole supply for a house, office and machine. In single-phase circuit I.C.D.P. •Appearance is better. •The risk of fire is possible.
main switches are used,whereas in three-phase circuits I.C.T.P. main switches are used to control the supply. •Customization is easy. •After maintenance of the beauty
•It is strong and long-lasting. of this wiring system is nor
•Less chance to leakage current. maintain.
VII. Lamp Holder: •The fault is found very costly. •It is installed only for 220V.
•The risk of mechanical injury is
possible.
As the name indicates, a lamp holder is used to hold the lamp,and connect it electrically to supply terminals,
required for lighting purposes.The lamp holders may be bayonet cap and screw type. Depending upon our
requirement, these lamp holders are also manufactured in different designs.

Some important types of lamp holders are detailed below:-

a) Batten Lamp Holder: Conduit earthing:

These lamp holders may be of brass or bakelite, with brass plunger. The holders are fixed on either on round block or wooden This kind of wiring is further classified into surface conduit wiring and concealed conduit wiring as follows:
board with the help of wooden screws. • Surface Conduit Wiring: These types of wiring are installed on the roof or walls. Here, holes
are made at equal distance and conduit is installed with the help of plugs
b) Pendant Lamp Holder: • Concealed Conduit Wiring: These are hidden inside the walls by plastering it with the help of
plastic or metallic piping Depending upon the type of piping
This lamp holder is used to hang the lamp from ceiling rose, with flexible wire. Some time these holders are provided with
lampshades,to divert the upward light to down ward. These may be of brass or bakelite,with brass plunger. Advantages: disAdvantages:
•It is difficult to install.
❖ It is waterproof wiring systems.
•The fault-finding process is very
c) Angle Lamp Holder: ❖ It has a long life.
difficult.
The angle holder is used to focus the light at an angle and is fixed directly on wall or round block with the help of gutties and ❖ It is a good appearance.
•More time is required for the
wooden screws. These may be of brass or bakelite with brass plunger. ❖ Alternation is possible.
installation of this wiring system.
❖ It is reliable.
•The cost is high.
d) Swivel Lamp Holder: •Risk of electrical shock
These lamp holders are used for lighting of shop windows,show case etc. It consists of ball and socket joint fitted between back
plate and lamp holder, for the purpose to move the light to a wide angle.

e ) Bracket Lamp Holder:

These lamp holders are used to focus the light on the floor or at some angle, slightly away from the walls. Light shades can also
be used for diverting all light on floor. Such lamps are provided with such fittings which make them water tight so that these can LEAD sheathed WIRING:
be used out side the houses or for street lighting. The bracket may be of wood, aluminium and brass. The lamp holder is simply a
pendant holder made of brass or bakelite. This contains electrical conductors which have an outer sheath made up of aluminum alloy containing 95%
lead. This sheath protects the cables from atmospheric corrosion, moisture, and mechanical damage.
ADARSH KUMAR SINGH Advantages: disAdvantages:
201331003001 ❖ It can be used in situations of
❖ It is costlier and requires skilled
BUILDING SERVICES-II(E&M) rain, and hence no joint is
labourers.
exposed off.
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