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Revısıon

The document provides a comprehensive guide on English grammar topics, including question forms, tenses (Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous, Present Perfect), and future forms (Will, Be Going To). It also covers modal verbs, imperatives, giving advice with should/shouldn't, and the use of 'to + infinitive' for expressing purpose and intention. Each section includes explanations, examples, and practice sentences to enhance understanding.

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ozmene086
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16 views6 pages

Revısıon

The document provides a comprehensive guide on English grammar topics, including question forms, tenses (Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous, Present Perfect), and future forms (Will, Be Going To). It also covers modal verbs, imperatives, giving advice with should/shouldn't, and the use of 'to + infinitive' for expressing purpose and intention. Each section includes explanations, examples, and practice sentences to enhance understanding.

Uploaded by

ozmene086
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IMA PREPARATION

1. Question Forms

This section teaches how to form questions in English, emphasizing both Yes/No
Questions and Wh- Questions:
 Yes/No Questions require auxiliary verbs like do/does (for present), did (for
past), or forms of be (is/are/was/were). Examples show how these are used:

o Do you like pizza? (Present Simple)

o Is she coming to the party? (Present Continuous)

o Did he finish his homework? (Past Simple)

 Wh- Questions introduce question words like What, Why, When, etc.,
followed by an auxiliary verb and the subject. Examples guide students on the
structure:
o What do you do every morning?

o Why is he late?

2. Present Simple vs. Present Continuous

This section explains the contexts in which Present Simple and Present
Continuous are used:

 Present Simple: For habits, routines, and facts. Examples include:


o She goes to school every day. (Habit)

o Keywords: always, usually, never, etc., indicate frequency.

 Present Continuous: For actions happening now or temporary situations.


Examples include:
o He is playing football right now. (Action happening now)

o Keywords: now, at the moment, etc., are typical.

Students practice by comparing the two tenses in sentences like:


 I read books every day. (Present Simple)

 I am reading a book now. (Present Continuous)


3. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous

Students learn to use these past tenses effectively:

 Past Simple: For completed actions in the past. Example:


o I visited Paris last summer.

 Past Continuous: For actions that were ongoing at a specific past time.
Example:
o I was studying when the phone rang.

A combination exercise shows how these tenses interact:


 She was cooking dinner when I arrived. (Past Continuous + Past Simple)

4. Present Perfect

Students explore the Present Perfect tense and its keywords:

 Usage: Describes actions with relevance to the present or unspecified


time. Example:
o I have already eaten breakfast. (Action completed recently)

 Keywords:
o Yet: I haven’t finished my homework yet. (Action pending)

o Already: She has already left. (Action completed earlier)

o Just: He has just arrived. (Action very recently completed)


o Never: I have never been to Spain. (No experience)

o Since: We have lived here since 2010. (Start of period)

o For: They have been friends for 5 years. (Duration)

Students practice using these keywords in sentences.

5. Present Continuous vs. "Be Going To"

This section explains how both are used to talk about the future:

 Present Continuous: For fixed plans or arrangements:


o I am meeting Sarah at 5 PM. (Planned event)

 Be Going To: For intentions or predictions:


o I am going to visit my grandmother this weekend. (Future intention)

Students practice combining both in sentences:


 I am meeting Sarah at 5 PM because we are going to discuss the project.

6. Will, Won’t, Shall

Students learn the future-related uses of will, won’t, and shall:

 Will/Won’t: For predictions, spontaneous decisions, or promises:


o It will rain tomorrow. (Prediction)

o I won’t forget to call you. (Promise)

 Shall: For formal offers or suggestions, mostly in British English:


o Shall we go to the park?

7. Modal Verbs: Must, Have to, Can

This section emphasizes obligation and ability:

 Must: Necessity or strong obligation:


o You must wear a helmet. (Obligation)

 Have to: Similar to must, for necessity:

o I have to finish my work. (Obligation)

 Can: Ability or permission:


o Can you swim? (Ability)

o You can use my phone. (Permission)

8. Will vs. Might

Students differentiate between levels  Might: Lower certainty or


of certainty: possibility: 50%

 Will: High certainty: 100% o He might join us later.


(Possible
o She will pass the exam.
(Definite)

9. Imperatives
Students practice giving commands, instructions, or advice:

 Examples:
o Close the door. (Command)

In The negative form, we use “don’t” form.

o Don’t touch that. (Negative imperative)

10. Should/Shouldn’t
Students learn how to give advice using these modals:

 Examples:
o You should exercise regularly. (Positive advice)

o You shouldn’t eat too much junk food. (Negative advice)

Uses of "To + Infinitive"

1. Expressing Purpose

 When we explain why something is done or what the goal is.


 Form: Subject + verb + "to" + base verb

 Examples:

o "I went to the shop to buy milk." (Why? To buy milk.)

o "He works hard to earn money."

2. Expressing Intention or Plans

 When we talk about what someone wants or intends to do.


 Form: Subject + verb + "to" + base verb

 Examples:

o "I want to learn English."

o "They decided to leave early."

3. After Certain Verbs


Some verbs are commonly followed by "to + infinitive."
Here are a few examples:
Verb Example Sentence

Want "I want to watch a movie."

Decide "They decided to visit their uncle."

Hope "He hopes to pass the exam."

Need "You need to bring your books."

Plan "We plan to go to the beach."

4. After Verbs + Question Words


Some verbs can be followed by a question word (what, where, how) and "to +
infinitive."
 Examples:

o "I don’t know what to do."

o "He explained how to solve the problem."

o "Can you tell me where to go?"

Form of "To + Infinitive"

Structure:

 To + base verb

o "To study"

o "To play"

o "To write"

Examples in Sentences

1. "I need to study for the exam."

2. "She hopes to get a good grade."

3. "We decided to stay at home."


4. "He forgot to call his friend."
5. "They asked me to help with the project."

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