ST BRITTO’S ACADEMY SENIOR SECONDARY

SCHOOL
CLASS 10 - MATHEMATICS

I. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER:

1. The points (-1, –2), (1, 0), (-1, 2), (-3, 0) form a quadrilateral
of type:

(a) Square

(b) Rectangle

(c) Parallelogram

(d) Rhombus

Answer: (a) Square

Explanation: Let A(-1, –2), B(1, 0), C(-1, 2) and D(-3, 0) are the
four vertices of quadrilateral.

By distance formula, we know:

 2. If the distance between the points A(2, -2) and B(-1, x) is
equal to 5, then the value of x is:

(a) 2

(b) -2

(c) 1

(d) -1

Answer: (a) 2

Explanation: By distance formula, we know:

3. The midpoint of a line segment joining two points A(2, 4)
and B(-2, -4) is

(a) (-2, 4)

(b) (2, -4)

(c) (0, 0)

(d) (-2, -4)

Answer: (c) (0, 0)

Explanation: As per midpoint formula, we know;

x-coordinate of the midpoint = [2 + (-2)]/2 = 0/2 = 0

y-coordinate of the midpoint = [4 + (-4)]/2=0/2=0

Hence, (0, 0) is the midpoint of AB.

4. The distance of point A(2, 4) from the x-axis is

(a) 2 units

(b) 4 units
(c) -2 units

(d) -4 units

Answer: (b) 4 units

Explanation: The distance of a point from the x-axis is equal to

the ordinate of the point.

5. The distance between the points P(0, 2) and Q(6, 0) is

(a) 4√10

(b) 2√10

(c) √10

(d) 20

Answer: (b) 2√10

Explanation: By distance formula we know:

If O(p/3, 4) is the midpoint of the line segment joining the

points P(-6, 5) and Q(-2, 3), the the value of p is:

(a) 7/2

(b) -12

(c) 4
(d) -4

Answer: (b) -12

Explanation: Since, (p/3, 4) is the midpoint of line segment PQ,

thus;

p/3 = (-6-2)/2

p/3 = -8/2

p/3 = -4

p= -12

Therefore, the value of p is -12.

7. The point which divides the line segment of points P(-1, 7)

and (4, -3) in the ratio of 2:3 is:

(a) (-1, 3)

(b) (-1, -3)

(c) (1, -3)

(d) (1, 3)

Answer: (d) (1, 3)

Explanation: By section formula we know:

x = [(2 × 4) + (3 × (-1))]/(2 + 3) = (8 – 3)/5 = 1

y = [(2 × (-3)) + (3 × 7)]/(2 + 3) = (-6 + 21)/5 = 3

Hence, the required point is (1, 3).

8. The ratio in which the line segment joining the points P(-3,
10) and Q(6, –8) is divided by O(-1, 6) is:

(a) 1:3

(b) 3:4
(c) 2:7

(d) 2:5

Answer: (c) 2:7

Explanation: Let k :1 be the ratio in which the line segment

joining P( -3, 10) and Q(6, -8) is divided by point O(-1, 6).

By the section formula, we have;

-1 = ( 6k – 3)/(k + 1)

–k – 1 = 6k – 3

7k = 2

k = 2/7

Hence, the required ratio is 2:7.

9. The coordinates of a point P, where PQ is the diameter of a

circle whose centre is (2, – 3) and Q is (1, 4) is:

(a) (3, -10)

(b) (2, -10)

(c) (-3, 10)

(d) (-2, 10)

Answer: (a) (3, -10)

Explanation: By midpoint formula, we know;

[(x + 1)/2, (y + 4)/2] = (2, -3) {since, O is the midpoint of PQ}

By equating the corresponding coordinates,

(x + 1)/2 = 2

x+1=4

x=3
And

(y + 4)/2 = -3

y + 4 = -6

y = -10

So, the coordinates of point P is (3, -10).

10. The area of a rhombus whose vertices are (3, 0), (4, 5), (-1,
4) and (-2,-1) taken in order, is:

(a) 12 sq.units

(b) 24 sq.units

(c) 30 sq.units

(d) 32 sq.units

Answer: (b) 24 sq.units

Explanation:

Let A(3, 0), B(4, 5), C(-1, 4) and D(-2, -1) be the vertices of a
rhombus.

To find the area of the rhombus, we need to find the length of

its diagonals and use the below formula:

Area = ½ (Diagonal1)(Diagonal2)

Area = (1/2 ) × (AC) × (BD)

Diagonal1 = √[(3 – (-1))2 + (0 – 4)2] = 4√2

Diagonal2 = √[(4 – (-2))2 + (5 – (-1))2] = 6√2

Area = (½) × 4√2 × 6√2 = 24 sq.units.

11. The distance of the point P(–6, 8) from the origin is

(a) 8 units
(b) 2√7 units

(c) 10 units

(d) 6 units

Answer: (c) 10 units

Explanation:

We know that the distance of a point P(x, y) from the origin is

√(x2 + y2).

Thus, the distance of the point P(-6, 8) from the origin = √[(-
6)2 + (8)2]

= √(36 + 64)

= √100

= 10 units

12. The distance between the points (0, 5) and (–5, 0) is

(a) 5 units

(b) 5√2 units

(c) 2√5 units

(d) 10 units

Answer: (b) 5√2 units

Explanation:

Let the given points be:

A(0, 5) = (x1, y1)

B(-5, 0) = (x2, y2)

The distance between A and B = √[(x2 – x1)2 + (y2 – y1)2]

= √[(-5 – 0)2 + (0 – 5)2]

= √(25 + 25)

= √50

= √(2 × 25)

= 5√2

13. The perimeter of a triangle with vertices (0, 4), (0, 0) and
(3, 0) is

(a) 5

(b) 12

(c) 11

(d) 7 + √5

Answer: (b) 12

Solution:

Let A(0, 4), B(0, 0), and C(3, 0) be the vertices of a triangle
ABC.

Perimeter of the triangle = AB + BC + CA

Using the distance formula,

AB = √[(0)2 + (4)2] = √16 = 4

BC = √[(3)2 + (0)2] = √9 = 3

CA = √[(3)2 + (4)2] = √(9 + 16) = √25 = 5

Therefore, perimeter = 4 + 3 + 5 = 12

14. If the points A(6, 1), B(8, 2), C(9, 4) and D(p, 3) are the
vertices of a parallelogram, taken in order, then the value of p
is

(a) 4

(b) -6
(c) 7

(d) -2

Answer: (c) 7

Explanation:

Given that A(6, 1), B(8, 2), C(9, 4) and D(p, 3) are the vertices
of a parallelogram.

We know that diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.

So, the coordinates of the midpoint of AC = coordinates of the

midpoint of BD

⇒ [(6 + 9)/2, (1 + 4)/2] = [(8 + p)/2, (2 + 3)/2]

⇒ (15/2, 5/2) = [(8 + p)/2, 5/2]

By equating the x-coordinates,

(8 + p)/2 = 15/2

⇒ 8 + p = 15

⇒p=7

15. A line intersects the y-axis and x-axis at the points P and Q,
respectively. If (2, -5) is the midpoint of PQ, then the
coordinates of P and Q are, respectively

(a) (0, -5) and (2, 0)

(b) (0, 10) and (-4, 0)

(c) (0, 4) and (-10, 0)

(d) (0, -10) and (4, 0)

Answer: (d) (0, -10) and (4, 0)

Explanation:
Let (0, y) and (x, 0) be the vertices of points P and Q
respectively.

Given that (2, -5) is the midpoint of PQ.

So, [(0 + x)/2, (y + 0)/2] = (2, -5)

(x/2, y/2) = (2, -5)

Now, by equating the corresponding coordinates,

x/2 = 2, y/2 = -5

x = 4, y = -10

Hence, the coordinates of points P and Q are respectively (0, -

10) and (4, 0).

II. ASSERTION AND REASON TYPE QUESTIONS:

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of

assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R).
Mark the correct choice as:

(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and
reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but
reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

1) Q.1. Assertion (A): The point (–1, 6) divides the line segment
joining the points (–3, 10) and (6, –8) in the ratio 2 : 7
internally.

Reason (R): Given three points, i.e. A, B, C form an equilateral

triangle, then AB = BC = AC.
Answer: (b)

2) Q.2. Assertion (A): The point (0, 4) lies on y-axis.

Reason (R): The x-coordinate on the point on y-axis is zero.

AnswerAnswer: (a)

Q.3. Assertion (A): The value of y is 6, for which the distance

between the points P(2, –3) and Q(10, y) is 10.
Reason (R): Distance between two given points A (x1, y1) and B
(x2, y2) is given by

Answer: (d)

Q.4. Assertion (A): Mid-point of a line segment divides line in

the ratio 1 : 1.
Reason (R): The ratio in which the point (–3, k) divides the line
segment joining the points (–5, 4) and (–2, 3) is 1 : 2.

Answer (c)

5. Assertion: Ratio in which the line 3x + 4y = 7 divides the

line segment joining the points (1, 2) and (- 2, 1) is 3 : 5

Reason: The coordinates of the point P(x, y) which divides the

line segment joining the points A(x1, y1 ) and B(x2, y2) in the
ratio m1 : m2 is

Answer: (d)
 III. VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:

1) Find the coordinates of the points of trisection (i.e., points

dividing into three equal parts) of the line segment joining
the points A(2, – 2) and B(– 7, 4).
Let P and Q be the points of trisection of AB, i.e., AP = PQ =
QB.

Therefore, P divides AB internally in the ratio 1: 2.

Let (x1, y1) = (2, -2)

(x2, y2) = (-7, 4)

m1 : m2 = 1 : 2

Therefore, the coordinates of P, by applying the section

formula,
2) Find the ratio in which the line segment joining the points (–
3, 10) and (6, – 8) is divided by (– 1, 6).

3) Name the type of triangle formed by the points A (–5, 6), B

(–4, –2) and C (7, 5).
Solution:

The points are A (–5, 6), B (–4, –2) and C (7, 5).

Using distance formula,

d = √ ((x2 – x1)2 + (y2 – y1)2)

AB = √((-4+5)² + (-2-6)²)

= √(1+64)

=√65

BC=√((7+4)² + (5+2)²)

=√(121 + 49)

=√170

AC=√((7+5)² + (5-6)²)

=√144 + 1

=√145
 Since all sides are of different lengths, ABC is a scalene
triangle.

4) If the point C(-1, 2) divides internally the line segment

joining A(2, 5) and B(x, y) in the ratio 3 : 4, find the
coordinates of B.
Solution:

Given,

C(-1, 2) divides internally the line segment joining A(2, 5)

and B(x, y) in the ratio 3 : 4.

Here,

A(2, 5) = (x1, y1)

B(x, y) = (x2, y2)

m:n=3:4

Using section formula,

C(-1, 2) = [(mx2 + nx1)/(m + n), (my2 + ny1)/(m + n)]

= [(3x + 8)/(3 + 4), (3y + 20)/(3 + 7)]

By equating the corresponding coordinates,

(3x + 8)/7 = -1

3x + 8 = -7

3x = -7 – 8

3x = -15

x = -5

And

(3y + 20)/7 = 2
 3y + 20 = 14

3y = 14 – 20

3y = -6

y = -2

Therefore, the coordinates of B(x, y) = (-5, -2).

5) Write the coordinates of a point on the x-axis which is

equidistant from points A(-2, 0) and B(6, 0).
Solution:

Let P(x, 0) be a point on the x-axis.

Given that point, P is equidistant from points A(-2, 0) and

B(6, 0).

AP = BP

Squaring on both sides,

(AP)² = (BP)²

Using distance formula,

(x + 2)² + (0 – 0)² = (x – 6)² + (0 – 0)²

x² + 4x + 4 = x² – 12x + 36

4x + 12x = 36 – 4

16x = 32

x=2

Therefore, the coordinates of a point on the x-axis = (2, 0).

6) Find the ratio in which P(4, m) divides the line segment

joining the points A(2, 3) and B(6, -3). Hence, find m.
Solution:

Let P(4, m) divides the line segment joining the points A(2,
3) and B(6, -3) in the ratio k : 1.

Here,

P(4, m) = (x, y)

A(2, 3) = (x1, y1)

B(6, -3) = (x2, y2)

Using section formula,

p(x, y) = [(kx2 + x1)/(k + 1), (ky2 + y1)/(k + 1)]

(4, m) = [(6k + 2)/(k + 1), (-3k + 3)/(k + 1)]

By equating the x-coodinate,

(6k + 2)/(k + 1) = 4

6k + 2 = 4k + 4

6k – 4k = 4 – 2

2k = 2

k=1

Thus, the point P divides the line segment joining A and B in

the ratio 1 : 1.

Now by equating the y-coodinate,

(-3k + 3)/(k + 1) = m

Substituting k = 1,

[-3(1) + 3]/(1 + 1) = m

m = (3 – 3)/2

m=0
7) The x-coordinate of a point P is twice its y-coordinate. If P is
equidistant from Q(2, – 5) and R(-3,6), find the coordinates
of P.

8) If (1, 3 ) is the mid point of the line segment joining the

p

points (2, 0) and (0, 9 ), then show that the line 5x + 3y + 2 =

2

0 passes through the point (- 1, 3p).

9) If A(5, 2), B(2, -2) and C(-2, t) are the vertices of a right
angled triangle with ∠B = 90°, then find the value of t.

10) Find the value of y for which the distance between the
points A (3,-1) and B (11, y) is 10 units.
 IV. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:
11) If A(-2, 1), B(a, 0), C(4, b) and D(1, 2) are the vertices of
a parallelogram ABCD, find the values of a and b. Hence,
find the lengths of its sides.

Solution:

Given vertices of a parallelogram ABCD are:

A(-2, 1), B(a, 0), C(4, b) and D(1, 2)

We know that the diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each

other.

So, midpoint of AC = midpoint of BD

[(-2 + 4)/2, (1 + b)/2] = [(a + 1)/2, (0 + 2)/2]

By equating the corresponding coordinates,

2/2 = (a + 1)/2 and (1 + b)/2 = 2/2

a + 1 = 2 and b + 1 = 2

a = 1 and b = 1
 Therefore, a = 1 and b = 1.

Let us find the lengths of sides of a parallelogram, i.e. AB,

BC, CD and DA

Using the distance formula,

AB = √[(1 + 2)² + (0 – 1)²] = √(9 + 1) = √10 units

BC = √[(4 – 1)² + (1 – 0)²] = √(9 + 1) = √10 units

And CD = √10 and DA = √10 {the opposite sides of a

parallelogram are parallel and equal}

Hence, the length of each side of the parallelogram ABCD =

√10 units.

12) If the point P(k – 1, 2) is equidistant from the points A(3,

k) and B(k, 5), find the values of k.
13) Find a point P on the y-axis which is equidistant from the
points A(4, 8) and B(-6, 6). Also find the distance AP.
14) . [CBSE Delhi 2017]
Show that AABC, where A(-2, 0), B(2, 0), C(0, 2) and ∆ PQR
where P(- 4, 0), Q(4, 0), R(0, 4) are similar triangles
Answer:
 Using distance formula:

i.e., sides of As are proportional

⇒ ∆ ABC ~ ∆ PQR

15) If the point P(x, y) is equidistant from the points A(a + b,

b – a) and B(a – b, a + b). Prove that bx = ay. [CBSE Outside
Delhi 2016]
Answer:
 Answer:

16) Find the area of a rhombus if its vertices are (3, 0), (4, 5),
( – 1, 4) and ( – 2, – 1) taken in order.
Answer:
Let ABCD be given rhombus with A (3, 0), B (4, 5), C ( – 1,
4) and D (- 2, – 1).

Thus, AC and BD are its diagonals.

Using distance formula:

Since, area of rhombus = 1/2 (Product of its diagonals)

= 1/2 (4√2) (6√2) = 24 sq. units
 Find the ratio in which the point ( 5 ,y) divides the line
8
17)
segment joining the points (1, 2) and (2, 3). Also, find the
value
of y.
The point ( 5 ,y) divides the line
8

segment joining the points (1, 2) and (2, 3).

Let the ratio be k: 1

18) Find a relation between x and y such that the point P(x, y)
is equidistant from the points A (2, 5) and B (-3, 7). (2011D)
Solution:
Let P (x, y) be equidistant from the points A (2, 5) and B (-3,
7).
∴ AP = BP …[Given
AP2 = BP2 …[Squaring both sides
(x – 2)2 + (y – 5)2 = (x + 3)2 + (y – 7)2
⇒ x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 – 10y + 25
⇒ x2 + 6x + 9 + y2 – 14y + 49
⇒ -4x – 10y – 6x + 14y = 9 +49 – 4 – 25
⇒ -10x + 4y = 29
∴ 10x + 29 = 4y is the required relation
19) Find the ratio in which y-axis divides the line segment
joining the points A(5, -6), and B(-1, -4). Also find the
coordinates of the point of division. (2016D)
Solution:
 Let AC: CB = m : n = k : 1.

20) Three vertices of a parallelogram taken in order are (-1,

0), (3, 1) and (2, 2) respectively. Find the coordinates of
fourth vertex. (2011D)
Solution:
Let A(-1, 0), B(3, 1), C(2, 2) and D(x, y) be the vertices of a
parallelogram ABCD taken in order. Since, the diagonals of
a parallelogram bisect each other.
∴ Coordinates of the mid-point of AC = Coordinates of the
mid-point of BD

Hence, coordinates of the fourth vertex, D(-2, 1).

V.LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:
21) ABCD is a rectangle formed by the points A (-1,-1), B(-1,
6),
C(3, 6) and D (3,-1). P, Q, R and S are mid-points of sides
AB, BC, CD and DA respectively. Is the quadrilateral PQRS a
square? a rectangle? or a rhombus? Justify your answer..

We have a rectangle ABCD formed by joining the points A

(−1,−1); B (−1, 4); C (5, 4) and D (5,−1). The mid-points of the
sides AB, BC, CD and DA are P, Q, R, S respectively.
We have to find that whether PQRS is a square, rectangle or
rhombus.
In general to find the mid-point of two points and
we use section formula as,

Therefore mid-point P of side AB can be written as,

Now equate the individual terms to get,

So co-ordinates of P is
Similarly mid-point Q of side BC can be written as,

Now equate the individual terms to get,

So co-ordinates of Q is (2, 4)
Similarly mid-point R of side CD can be written as,

Now equate the individual terms to get,

So co-ordinates of R is
Similarly mid-point S of side DA can be written as,

Now equate the individual terms to get,

So co-ordinates of S is (2,−1)
So we should find the lengths of sides of quadrilateral PQRS.

All the sides of quadrilateral are equal.

So now we will check the lengths of the diagonals.
 All the sides are equal but the diagonals are unequal. Hence
ABCD is a rhombus.

22) Point P(x, 4) lies on the line segment joining the points A(-
5, 8) and B(4, -10). Find the ratio in which point P divides the
line segment AB. Also find the value of x. (2011OD)
Solution:

23) A point P divides the line segment joining the points A(3, -
5) and B(-4, 8) such that AP/PB=K/1. If P lies on the line x + y
= 0, then find the value of K. (2012D)
Solution:
24) If (3, 3), (6, y), (x, 7) and (5, 6) are the vertices of a
parallelogram taken in order, find the values of x and y.
(2011D)
Solution:
Let A (3, 3), B (6, y), C (x, 7) and D (5, 6).

25) If P(2, 4) is equidistant from Q(7, 0) and R(x, 9), find the
values of x. Also find the distance PQ
Solution:

PQ = PR …[Given
PQ2 = PR2 … [Squaring both sides
∴ (7 – 2)2 + (0 – 4)2 = (x – 2)2 + (9 – 4)2
⇒ 25 + 16 = (x – 2)2 + 25
⇒ 16 = (x – 2)2
⇒ ±4 = x – 2 …[Taking sq. root of both sides
⇒2±4=x
⇒ x = 2 + 4 = 6 or x = 2 – 4 = -2

VI. CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS:

1)

Answers:
1) Students of residential society undertake to work for the
compaign “Say No to Plastics”. Group A took the region
under the co-ordinates (3,3), (6,y), (x,7) and (5,6) and
Group B took the region under the co-ordinates (1,3),
(2,6), (5,7) and (4,4).
 i) If region covered by Group A forms a parallelogram ,
where the co-ordinates taken in the given order,then
(a) x= 8, y = 4 (b) x=4, y = 8
(b) x=2, y=4 (d) x= 4 , y = 2
ii) Perimeter of the region covered by group A is
(a) √ 10 units (b) √ 13 units
(c)√ 10+ √ 13 units (d) none of these
iii) If the co-ordinates of region covered by group B,
taken in the same order
forms a quadrilateral, then the length of each of its
diagonal is
(a) 4√ 2 units , 2√ 2units
(b) 6√ 2 units , √ 2units
(c) 3√ 2 units , 2√ 2units
(d) None of these
(or)
If region covered by group B forms a Rhombus,
where the co-ordinates are taken in given order, then the
perimeter of this region is
 (a) √ 10 units (b) 2 √10 units
(c)3 √ 10units (d) 4 √10 units
Answers:
i) a) x= 8,y= 4
ii) d) 2(√10 + √13)
iii) a) 2√2 (or) d) 4√10