MATHEMATICS 10 QUARTER 4 Week 8-9

Competency:
The learner uses appropriate measures of position and other statistical methods in analyzing and
interpreting research data. M10SP-IVh-j-1

To the Learners:
Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you while enjoying
the lessons. Read and understand the instructions below to successfully enjoy the objectives of this
kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated on every page of this module.
2. Write in your notebook the concepts about the lessons.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answer using the answer key card.
5. Analyze the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Take note of all of the formulas given in this lesson.
7. Have your scientific calculator.

Expectations

This module was designed to help you master how to use appropriate measures of position and
other statistical methods on analyzing and interpreting research data. After going through this
module, you are expected to:
1. Familiarize the different measures of position and other statistical methods;
2. Use the appropriate statistical method in analyzing research data;
3. Analyze and interpret the results.

Pre-test

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1.) What measure of central tendency is calculated by adding all the values and dividing the sum by
the number of values?
A. Standard Deviation B. Median C. Mean D. Mode

2.) First quartile is also the _________.

A. 3rd decile B. 25th percentile C. Median D. 10th percentile

3.) Consider the score distribution of the 15 students given below.

43, 24, 28, 38, 27, 35, 34, 40, 44, 24, 35, 41, 44, 32, and 36
The mean in the given score distribution of 15 students can also be interpreted as ______.
A. seven students scored higher than 35.
B. seven students scored lower than 35.
C. seven students scored lower than 35 and seven students scored higher than 35.
D. fourteen students scored lower than 35.

MATH 10 QUARTER 4 WEEK 8-9 Page 1 | 9

For Item 1 – 5. The table shows the distribution of scores or 40 students of CZJHS on a
Mathematics test.
Score Frequency xi fxi xi2 fxi2 <cf
10 – 12 4 11 44 121 484 4
13 – 15 6 14 84 196 1176 10
16 – 18 13 17 221 289 3757 23
19 – 21 9 20 180 400 3600 32
22 – 24 8 23 184 529 4332 40
4.) What is the mean score of the students?
A. 17.825 B. 18.25 C. 16.333 D. 20.5
5.) What is the lower boundary in solving 4th decile?
A. 15.5 B. 19.5 C. 13.5 D. 9.5
6.) In solving for the 65 percentile, the frequency of the percentile class is ________.
th

A. 6 B. 13 C. 9 D. 8
7.) The 1st quartile is _________.
A. 13.5 B. 14.5 C. 15.5 D. 16.5
8.) The 7 decile is _________.
th

A. 19.47 B. 18.55 C. 20.17 D. 17.63

9.) What is the value of 86th percentile?
A. 22.4 B. 21.62 C.20.6 D. 23.52
10.)On a 10 question Statistics test, the 60th percentile for the number of correct answer is 6.
Interpret the 60th percentile in the context of this situation.
A. 60% of the students answer 6 or fewer questions correctly.
B. 40% of the students answer 6 or fewer questions correctly.
C. 60% of the students answer 6 or more questions correctly.
D. 40% of the students answer 6 or more questions correctly.

Looking Back at your Lesson

In your foregoing lesson in mathematics you have learned the measures of central tendency , measures of
variability and measures of position. Below are the common statistical treatment
Formulas Ungrouped Grouped
∑ 𝑥 ∑ 𝑓𝑥
Mean 𝑥̅ = 𝑥̅ = ∑
𝑛 𝑓

∑ 𝑥2 ∑ 𝑓𝑥 2
Standard Deviation 𝑆𝐷 = √ − 𝑥̅ 2 𝑆𝐷 = √ − 𝑥̅ 2
𝑛 ∑ 𝑓

𝑘𝑁
𝑘 −𝑐𝑓𝑏
Quartiles Qk = (𝑛 + 1) Qk = LB + ( 4
𝑓𝑄𝑘
)𝑖
4
𝑘𝑁
−𝑐𝑓𝑏
Dk = LB + ( 10
)𝑖
Deciles Dk = 𝑓𝐷𝑘

𝑘𝑁
−𝑐𝑓𝑏
Pk = LB + ( 100
𝑓𝑃𝑘
)𝑖

or
Percentiles Pk = 100
𝑃𝑃𝑅 =
𝑁
(𝑃 − 𝐿𝐵)𝑓𝑃
[ + 𝑐𝑓𝑃 ]
𝑖

MATH 10 QUARTER 4 WEEK 8-9 Page 2 | 9

 Introduction of the Topic

Data analysis is the process of collecting, ordering, categorizing, manipulating, and summarizing
data by presenting as a table of frequency distribution to obtain answers to research questions. It is
usually the first step taken towards data interpretation.

Data interpretation is the process of reviewing data through some predefined processes which will
help assign some meaning to the data and arrive at a relevant conclusion. It involves taking the result
of data analysis, making inferences on the relations studied, and using them to conclude. Therefore,
before you can talk about interpreting data, you need to analyze first.

Statistical methods are mathematical formulas, models, and techniques that are used in
analyzing and interpretation of the research findings.

The most common statistical methods used in analyzing and interpreting data are the measures of
central tendency (mean, median mode), measures of dispersion (range, variance, standard deviation),
and measures of position ( quartiles, deciles, percentiles). But, how does one know what is best or
appropriate statistical method to be used in particular data? The use of the statistical method
depends on the question asked in your problem and the data given.
Example 1.
A formative test was administered to a group of 30 students, and the test was scored using 10 point
scale. The scores of the students are shown below.
8 8 10 7 8 6 8 5 7 6 7 6 4 9 8
9 7 5 6 8 4 3 8 7 5 8 5 7 5 8

Problem 1: What is the average score of the students?

Solution: The most appropriate measure is the mean for ungroup data.

Solve for the value of mean (𝑥̅).

8+8+10+7+8+6+8+5+7+6+7+6+4+9+8+9+7+5+6+8+4+3+8+7+5+8+5+7+5+8
𝑥̅ =
30
202
𝑥̅ =
30
𝑥̅ = 6.73
Therefore, the average score of the students in a formative test is 6.73. This implies that students did
not perform well in the test because its mean is below the significant score which is 8.
Problem 2: How many students belong to upper 10%?

Solution: Measures of position (decile) is the most appropriate measure in this example because
the data are quite large.
Step 1. Arranged the data in increasing order.
3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, ,8 , 8, ,8 ,8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 10
Step 2. Calculate the 9th decile instead of first decile, since you are looking for the upper 10% of the
data.
𝑘𝑛
𝐷9 =
10
9(30)
𝐷9 =
10
270
𝐷9 =
10
𝐷9 = 27
From the data, the 27th score is 8. Therefore, there are 3 students who got a scores
of 9, 9, and 10 which belong to the upper 10% of the class.
MATH 10 QUARTER 4 WEEK 8-9 Page 3 | 9
Example 2.
The researcher would like to know the number of hours spent of the selected grade 10 students in
playing online games per day. Below are the data collected from the 50 students who were playing
online games.

No. of hours No. of

spent in a students
day
11-12 2
9 - 10 5
7-8 13
5-6 15
3-4 10
1–2 5
N -50
Problem 1: What is the average time of the students’ spent in playing online games?

Solution: Since you are asked to find the average time, it only means that the appropriate measure
to be used is the mean.
Step 1. Construct a frequency distribution table.

No. of hours Midpoint fx

spent in a Frequency (f) (x)
day
11-12 2 11.5 23
9 - 10 5 9.5 47.5
7-8 13 7.5 97.5
5-6 15 5.5 82.5
3-4 10 3.5 35
1–2 5 1.5 7.5
N -50 ∑(fx) =283.

Step 2. Compute the mean (𝑥̅).

∑ 𝑓𝑥
𝑥̅ =
𝑛

𝑥̅ = 5.66
Therefore, the average time of the students spent in playing online games is approximately 5.66 hrs.
This means that students nowadays spent most of their time in playing online games.

Problem 2: Find the second quartile (Q2).

Step 1. Construct a frequency distribution.
No. of hours
No. of Lower
spent in a <cf
students (f) Bound (LB)
day
11-12 2 10.5 50
9 - 10 5 8.5 48
7-8 13 6.5 43
5-6 15 4.5 30
3-4 10 2.5 15
1–2 5 0.5 5 Q 2 Class
N -50
Step 2. Determine the Q2 class.
2𝑛
Q2 =
4
MATH 10 QUARTER 4 WEEK 8-9 Page 4 | 9
 2(50)
Q2 = This means we need to find the class interval where 25th
4
Q2 = 25 score is contained.
Note that the 16 – 30 belong to the class interval: 5 – 6. So, the 25th is also within the class
th th

interval.
Step 3. Solve for Q2 .
2𝑛−𝑐𝑓
𝑏
Q2 = LB + ( 4 )i
𝑓𝑄2

Q2 = 4.5 + 2
25 − 15
Q2 = 4.5 + ( 15 ) 2
10
Q2 = 4.5 + ( ) 2
15
Q2 = 4.5 +(0.67)2
Q2 = 4.5 + 1.34
Q2 = 5.84
Therefore, 50% of the students spent 5hrs and 84 minutes or less in playing online games.

Example 3.
The researchers give the result of entrance test to incoming grade 7 students in a particular private
school in Caloocan city. Below are the data collected from 90 students.

Scores No. of Students

46 – 50 7
41 – 45 13
36 – 40 15
31 – 35 19
26 – 30 14
21 – 25 10
16 – 20 8
11 - 15 4
Problem: How many percent of the students passed the test, if the passing score is 28?
Solution: Since you are asked to find the percentage of the students who passed the test, then the
most appropriate measure in this problem is percentile.

Step 1. Construct a frequency distribution showing the lower bound and less than cumulative
frequency.

Scores No. of Students Lower Bound <cf

Frequency (f) LB
46 – 50 7 45.5 90
41 – 45 13 40.5 83
36 – 40 15 35.5 70
31 – 35 19 30.5 55
26 – 30 14 25.5 36 Percentile class

21 – 25 10 20.5 22
16 – 20 8 15.5 12
11 - 15 4 10.5 4
N = 90

Step 2. Locate the percentile class from the table above.

The score 28 is within 26-30.

MATH 10 QUARTER 4 WEEK 8-9 Page 5 | 9

 100 (𝑃 − 𝐿𝐵)𝑓𝑝
Step 3. Solve, using the formula PPR = 𝑛
[ + 𝑐𝑓𝑝 ]
𝑖

Given: Solution:
100 (𝑃 − 𝐿𝐵)𝑓𝑝
LB = 25.5 PPR = [ + 𝑐𝑓𝑝 ]
𝑛 𝑖

100 (28 − 25.5)14

N = 90 = 90
[ + 22]
5
(2.5)14
P = 28 = 1.11 [ + 22]
5

35
cfP = 22 = 1.11 [ + 22]
5

fP = 14 = 1.11 [7 + 22]

i=5 = 1.11 [29]

PPR = 32.19 or 32%
Therefore, 32% of the students did not passed the test and got a scores of 28 or below and 68% of the
students passed the test and got a scores of 28 or more.

Activities
ACTIVITY 1: Without You I’m Incomplete!
Direction: Supply the missing information to complete the interpretation.
1. If 60% of the population in your school is older than you, then your age is said to be at the
____________________________________________________________________________________

2. If 30% of the students obtained scores of 20 or more, then

_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. If Jose got a score of 32 which is equivalent to 60th percentile in a test, then
_____________________________________________________________________________________

4. In a survey, If 38% of the population ages 50 or more has a Facebook account, then,
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. Suppose your test mark is at the 85th percentile, then
_____________________________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 2: Just Give Me a Reason!

Direction: Interpret the following.
1. 40th percentile of the test was 8/30. What does this mean?
________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Your salary as a service crew in a food chain was in the 8th decile. This means that
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. For a 150 meter-dash, the third quartile for finishing the race was 45 minutes. This means
that __________________________________________________________________________
4. In a 50-item test, the passing mark is in the 6th decile. What does it imply?
________________________________________________________________________________________

5. The median of your grades in 9 subjects is 88. This means that

________________________________________________________________________________________

Remember
MATH 10 QUARTER 4 WEEK 8-9 Page 6 | 9
Data analysis is the process of collecting, ordering, categorizing, manipulating, and summarizing
data by presenting as a table of frequency distribution to obtain answers to research questions. It is
usually the first step taken towards data interpretation.

Data interpretation is the process of reviewing data through some predefined processes which will
help assign some meaning to the data and arrive at a relevant conclusion.

Statistical methods are mathematical formulas, models, and techniques that are used in
analyzing and interpretation of the research findings. The most common statistical methods are the
measures of central tendency (Mean, Median Mode) and Measures of position (Quartile, Decile,
Percentile).

Check your Understanding

Direction: Answer the following problem and interpret the result.
1. Forty students were asked for their favorite subject in Grade 10. Below are their responses.

Math Science Economics English P.E. Science Math

Science Economic Math English Filipino Science Filipino
Filipino Math English Economics Math English Math
Science P.E. English P.E. Science Filipino Economics
Math English Science Science Filipino Math Science
Science Economics English Filipino P.E.
a) What is the most appropriate measure of central tendency to use for these data? Why?
b) What is the modal choice of the 40 students?

2. A researcher obtains these data on the age in years of people at the time for having his first
girlfriend/boyfriend.

Urban Group Rural Group

13 14 12 14 15 13 14 15 16 19 18 17 15 16
16 15 14 16 16 17 13 12 16 15 14 16 18 19
18 19 17 18
a) On the average, which group of people get his/her girlfriend or boyfriend at an earlier age?
b) Find the third quartile of the two groups.

3. An on-the-spot test in Physics 10 was administered from a group of 100 students, and the test
was scored using a 30-point scale. The scores of the students are shown below.(Note: Use the 3
interval)
28 16 9 12 20 21 28 13 18 11 8 7 6
8 14 19 20 16 10 21 28 27 20 30 29 20
7 10 11 17 23 29 18 10 23 28 25 28 17
16 17 16 19 9 10 7 18 15 13 20 21 25
29 22 18 19 15 10 9 15 19 20 21 22 26
10 21 28 27 20 30 29 20 7 10 11 17 23
28 29 18 10 23 28 25 28 17 29 22 20 23
16 17 16 19 9 10 7 18 15
a) Construct a frequency distribution.
b) What is the mean score of the test?
c) If the student got a score of 25, what percentile rank did he/she belong?
d) If the passing score is 18, how many percent of students failed?
e) If a student who falls under the 30Th percentile will be made to attend the remedial class, then
what score should the student get so that he/she will not be required to attend the remedial
class?

MATH 10 QUARTER 4 WEEK 8-9 Page 7 | 9

4. A group of researchers gives the frequency distribution of the amount of the electricity bills for
the month of January 2020 from a sample of 60 families.

Amount of Electricity Number of families

Bill
1000 - Above 10
900 – 999 28
800 – 899 33
700 – 799 25
600 – 699 27
500 – 599 20
400 – 499 18
300 – 399 20
200 – 299 15
100 – 199 5
a. What is the monthly average consumption of electricity bills of the 60 families?
b. Compute for the 5th Decile.
c. Calculate the 75th percentile.

5. The table shows the weights in kilogram of 150 High school students.

Weights in Number of
Kilograms Students
70 - 72 5
67 - 69 12
64 – 66 19
61 – 63 23
58 – 60 28
55 – 57 21
52 – 54 17
49 – 51 9
46 - 48 6
43 - 45 7
40 - 42 3
a. What is the average weight of the students?
b. Calculate the 2nd quartile.
c. Calculate the 80th percentile.
d. What is the percentage of students who has weight of 65kgs or more?

Post-test

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1.) What measure of central tendency is calculated by adding all the values and dividing the sum by
the number of values?
A. Standard Deviation B. Median C. Mean D. Mode
2.) First quartile is also the _________.
A. 3rd decile B. 25th percentile C. Median D. 10th percentile
3.) Consider the score distribution of the 15 students given below.
43, 24, 28, 38, 27, 35, 34, 40, 44, 24, 35, 41, 44, 32, and 36
The mean in the given score distribution of 15 students can also be interpreted as ______.
A. seven students scored higher than 35.
B. seven students scored lower than 35.
C. seven students scored lower than 35 and seven students scored higher than 35.
D. fourteen students scored lower than 35.
For Item 1 – 5. The table shows the distribution of scores or 40 students of CZJHS on a
Mathematics test.
Score Frequency xi fxi xi2 fxi2 <cf
MATH 10 QUARTER 4 WEEK 8-9 Page 8 | 9
 10 – 12 4 11 44 121 484 4
13 – 15 6 14 84 196 1176 10
16 – 18 13 17 221 289 3757 23
19 – 21 9 20 180 400 3600 32
22 – 24 8 23 184 529 4332 40
4.) What is the mean score of the students?
A. 17.825 B. 18.25 C. 16.333 D. 20.5
5.) What is the lower boundary in solving 4 deciles?
th

A. 15.5 B. 19.5 C. 13.5 D. 9.5

6.) In solving for the 65th percentiles, the frequency of the percentile class is ________.
A. 6 B. 13 C. 9 D. 8
7.) The 1 quartile is _________.
st

A. 13.5 B. 14.5 C. 15.5 D. 16.5

8.) The 7th decile is _________.
A. 19.47 B. 18.55 C. 20.17 D. 17.63
9.) What is the value of 86th percentile?
A. 22.4 B. 21.62 C.20.6 D. 23.52
10.) On a 10 question Statistics test, the 60 percentile for number of correct answer was 6.
Interpret the 60th percentile in the context of this situation.
A. 60% of the students answer 6 or fewer questions correctly.
B. 40% of the students answer 6 or fewer questions correctly.
C. 60% of the students answer 6 or more questions correctly.
D. 40% of the students answer 6 or more questions correctly.

Reflection
I have learned that _________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________

Additional Activities

To better understand the lesson, watch the video lesson on

https://onedrive.live.com/view.aspx?resid=E22D34567781B819!309&ithint=file%2cpptx&authkey=!APsvSeUHFaK5XiYe
ntitled Uses appropriate measures of position and other statistical methods in analyzing and interpreting mini-research
data.

References:
Online Sources:
https://www.nature.com/subjects/statistical-
methods#:~:text=My%20Account%20Login,Statistical%20methods,the%20robustness%20of%20research%20outputs.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5037948/
https://ori.hhs.gov/education/products/n_illinois_u/datamanagement/datopic.html#:~:text=Data%20Analysis%20is%20
the%20process,and%20recap%2C%20and%20evaluate%20data.&text=An%20essential%20component%20of%20ensurin
g,appropriate%20analysis%20of%20research%20findings.
https://www.formpl.us/blog/datainterpretation#:~:text=Data%20interpretation%20is%20the%20process,and%20using
%20them%20to%20conclude.
Books:

Amid, Diego M. Fundamental of Statistics. Lorimar Publishing Co. Inc 2005 Calingasan, Amaya, Mateo, and
Quintana Introduction to Probability and Statistics DepEd . Mathematics Learner’s Module Grade 10.

MATH 10 QUARTER 4 WEEK 8-9 Page 9 | 9