07/03/1446 AH, 12:31 AM

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Question ID 6ac23de7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 6ac23de7

In the equation above, what is the

value of x ?

A. 25

B. 24

C. 16

D. 15

ID: 6ac23de7 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. Multiplying both sides of the equation by 5 results in . Dividing both sides of the resulting
equation by 4 results in .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from adding 20 and 4. Choice C is incorrect and may result from dividing 20 by 5
and then multiplying the result by 4. Choice D is incorrect and may result from subtracting 5 from 20.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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Question ID e6cb2402
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: e6cb2402

In the given equation, is a constant. The equation has no solution. What is the value of ?

ID: e6cb2402 Answer

Correct Answer: .9411, .9412, 16/17

Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that the equation has no solution. A linear equation in
the form , where , , , and are constants, has no solution only when the coefficients of on each
side of the equation are equal and the constant terms aren't equal. Dividing both sides of the given equation by yields
, or . Since the coefficients of on each side of the equation must be
equal, it follows that the value of is . Note that 16/17, .9411, .9412, and 0.941 are examples of ways to enter a
correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID 3f5375d9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3f5375d9
The line graphed in the xy-plane below models the total cost, in dollars, for a cab ride, y, in a certain city during
nonpeak hours based on the number of miles traveled, x.

According to the graph, what is the cost for each additional mile traveled, in
dollars, of a cab ride?

A. $2.00

B. $2.60

C. $3.00

D. $5.00

ID: 3f5375d9 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The cost of each additional mile traveled is represented by the slope of the given line. The slope of
the line can be calculated by identifying two points on the line and then calculating the ratio of the change in y to the

change in x between the two points. Using the points and , the slope is equal to , or 2. Therefore, the
cost for each additional mile traveled of the cab ride is $2.00.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from calculating the slope of the line that passes through the points and
. However, does not lie on the line shown. Choice C is incorrect. This is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of
the graph and represents the flat fee for a cab ride before the charge for any miles traveled is added. Choice D is
incorrect. This value represents the total cost of a 1-mile cab ride.

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Question Difficulty: Easy

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Question ID 620fe971
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 620fe971
A team of workers has been moving cargo off of a ship. The equation below models the approximate number of
tons of cargo, y, that remains to be moved x hours after the team started working.

The graph of this equation in the xy-plane is a line. What is the best
interpretation of the x-intercept in this context?

A. The team will have moved all the cargo in about 4.8 hours.

B. The team has been moving about 4.8 tons of cargo per hour.

C. The team has been moving about 25 tons of cargo per hour.

D. The team started with 120 tons of cargo to move.

ID: 620fe971 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The x-intercept of the line with equation y = 120 – 25x can be found by substituting 0 for y and
finding the value of x. When y = 0, x = 4.8, so the x-intercept is at (4.8, 0). Since y represents the number of tons of
cargo remaining to be moved x hours after the team started working, it follows that the x-intercept refers to the team
having no cargo remaining to be moved after 4.8 hours. In other words, the team will have moved all of the cargo after
about 4.8 hours.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from incorrectly interpreting the value 4.8. Choices C and D are incorrect and may
result from misunderstanding the x-intercept. These statements are accurate but not directly relevant to the x-intercept.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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Question ID fdee0fbf
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: fdee0fbf

In the xy-plane, line k intersects the y-axis at the point and passes
through the point . If the point lies on line k, what is the value of w
?

ID: fdee0fbf Answer

Rationale
The correct answer is 74. The y-intercept of a line in the xy-plane is the ordered pair of the point of intersection of

the line with the y-axis. Since line k intersects the y-axis at the point , it follows that is the y-intercept of
this line. An equation of any line in the xy-plane can be written in the form , where m is the slope of the line
and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. Therefore, the equation of line k can be written as , or
. The value of m can be found by substituting the x- and y-coordinates from a point on the line, such as
, for x and y, respectively. This results in . Solving this equation for m gives . Therefore, an
equation of line k is . The value of w can be found by substituting the x-coordinate, 20, for x in the equation
of line k and solving this equation for y. This gives , or . Since w is the y-coordinate of this point,
.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID b2845d88
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: b2845d88

Which of the following is an equation of the graph

shown in the xy-plane above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b2845d88 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The slope of the line can be found by choosing any two points on the line, such as (4, –2) and (0, –
1). Subtracting the y-values results in –2 – (–1) = –1, the change in y. Subtracting the x-values results in 4 – 0 = 4, the

change in x. Dividing the change in y by the change in x yields , the slope. The line intersects the y-axis
at (0, –1), so –1 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. This information can be expressed in slope-intercept form as the

equation .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from incorrectly calculating the slope and then misidentifying the slope as the y-
intercept. Choice C is incorrect and may result from misidentifying the slope as the y-intercept. Choice D is incorrect
and may result from incorrectly calculating the slope.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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Question ID 8abed0fb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 8abed0fb

What is the solution to the given

system of equations?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8abed0fb Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. Since it’s given that , substituting 1 for x in the first equation yields . Simplifying
the right-hand side of this equation yields , or . Therefore, the ordered pair is a solution to the
given system of equations.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from a calculation error when substituting 1 for x in the first equation. Choices C
and D are incorrect. Because it’s given that , x cannot equal 2 as stated in these ordered pairs.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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Question ID 6e6a3241
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 6e6a3241

Which of the following graphs in the xy-plane could be used to

solve the system of equations above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6e6a3241 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

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Choice C is correct. The graph of a system of equations is the graph that shows the lines represented by each of the
equations in the system. The x-intercept of the graph of each given equation can be found by substituting 0 for y in
each equation: , or , and , or . The y-intercept of the graph of each equation can
be found by substituting 0 for x in each equation: , or , and or . Using these x- and
y- intercept values, the line that has equation passes through the points and , and the line that

has equation passes through the points and . Only the lines in choice C pass through these
points and can be used to solve the given system of equations.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. In choices A and B, neither line passes through and or and .

In choice D, although one line passes through and the other line doesn’t pass through and .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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Question ID 968e9e51
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 968e9e51

Which of the following ordered pairs is a solution to

the system of inequalities above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 968e9e51 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The solutions to the given system of inequalities is the set of all ordered pairs that satisfy
both inequalities in the system. For an ordered pair to satisfy the inequality , the value of the ordered pair’s y-
coordinate must be less than or equal to the value of the ordered pair’s x-coordinate. This is true of the ordered pair
, because . To satisfy the inequality , the value of the ordered pair’s y-coordinate must be less
than or equal to the value of the additive inverse of the ordered pair’s x-coordinate. This is also true of the ordered pair
. Because 0 is its own additive inverse, is the same as . Therefore, the ordered pair
is a solution to the given system of inequalities.

Choice A is incorrect. This ordered pair satisfies only the inequality in the given system, not both inequalities.
Choice B incorrect. This ordered pair satisfies only the inequality in the system, but not both inequalities.
Choice C is incorrect. This ordered pair satisfies neither inequality.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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Question ID ee2f611f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: ee2f611f

A local transit company sells a monthly pass for $95 that allows an unlimited
number of trips of any length. Tickets for individual trips cost $1.50, $2.50, or
$3.50, depending on the length of the trip. What is the minimum number of
trips per month for which a monthly pass could cost less than purchasing
individual tickets for trips?

ID: ee2f611f Answer

Rationale
The correct answer is 28. The minimum number of individual trips for which the cost of the monthly pass is less than
the cost of individual tickets can be found by assuming the maximum cost of the individual tickets, $3.50. If n tickets
costing $3.50 each are purchased in one month, the inequality 95 < 3.50n represents this situation. Dividing both sides
of the inequality by 3.50 yields 27.14 < n, which is equivalent to n > 27.14. Since only a whole number of tickets can be
purchased, it follows that 28 is the minimum number of trips.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID 9654add7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions

ID: 9654add7

The revenue , in dollars, that a company receives from sales of a product

is given by the function f above, where x is the unit price, in dollars, of the
product. The graph of in the xy-plane intersects the x-axis at 0 and a.
What does a represent?

A. The revenue, in dollars, when the unit price of the product is $0

B. The unit price, in dollars, of the product that will result in maximum revenue

C. The unit price, in dollars, of the product that will result in a revenue of $0

D. The maximum revenue, in dollars, that the company can make

ID: 9654add7 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. By definition, the y-value when a function intersects the x-axis is 0. It’s given that the graph of the
function intersects the x-axis at 0 and a, that x is the unit price, in dollars, of a product, and that , where ,
is the revenue, in dollars, that a company receives from the sales of the product. Since the value of a occurs when
, a is the unit price, in dollars, of the product that will result in a revenue of $0.

Choice A is incorrect. The revenue, in dollars, when the unit price of the product is $0 is represented by , when
. Choice B is incorrect. The unit price, in dollars, of the product that will result in maximum revenue is represented
by the x-coordinate of the maximum of f. Choice D is incorrect. The maximum revenue, in dollars, that the company can
make is represented by the y-coordinate of the maximum of f.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID 263f9937
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions

ID: 263f9937
Growth of a Culture of Bacteria
Number of bacteria per
Day
milliliter at end of day

A culture of bacteria is growing at an exponential rate, as shown in the table

above. At this rate, on which day would the number of bacteria per milliliter
reach ?

A. Day 5

B. Day 9

C. Day 11

D. Day 12

ID: 263f9937 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The number of bacteria per milliliter is doubling each day. For example, from day 1 to day 2, the
number of bacteria increased from 2.5 × 105 to 5.0 × 105. At the end of day 3 there are 106 bacteria per milliliter. At the
end of day 4, there will be 106 × 2 bacteria per milliliter. At the end of day 5, there will be (106 × 2) × 2, or 106 × (22)
bacteria per milliliter, and so on. At the end of day d, the number of bacteria will be 106 × (2d – 3). If the number of
bacteria per milliliter will reach 5.12 × 108 at the end of day d, then the equation must hold.

Since 5.12 × 108 can be rewritten as 512 × 106, the equation is equivalent to . Rewriting 512 as 29 gives d
– 3 = 9, so d = 12. The number of bacteria per milliliter would reach 5.12 × 108 at the end of day 12.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Given the growth rate of the bacteria, the number of bacteria will not reach 5.12 × 108
per milliliter by the end of any of these days.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID f65288e8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: f65288e8

If x is a solution to the given equation, which of the

following is a possible value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f65288e8 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The given equation can be rewritten as . Multiplying both sides of this equation by

yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by 4 yields . Taking the square root of

both sides of this equation yields or . Therefore, a possible value of is .

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from computational or conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID f2f3fa00
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: f2f3fa00

During a 5-second time interval, the average acceleration a, in meters per

second squared, of an object with an initial velocity of 12 meters per second is

defined by the equation , where vf is the final velocity of the

object in meters per second. If the equation is rewritten in the form vf = xa + y,
where x and y are constants, what is the value of x ?

ID: f2f3fa00 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 5. The given equation can be rewritten in the form , like so:

It follows that the value of x is 5 and the value of y is 12.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID a05bd3a4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent

expressions

ID: a05bd3a4

Which of the following expressions is

equivalent to ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a05bd3a4 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. The expression can be written as a difference of squares x2 – y2, which can be factored as (x + y)
(x – y). Here, y2 = 5, so , and the expression therefore factors as .

Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from misunderstanding how to factor a difference of squares. Choice D is
incorrect; (x + 5)(x – 1) can be rewritten as x2 + 4x – 5, which is not equivalent to the original expression.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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Question ID 40c09d66
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent

expressions

ID: 40c09d66

If for all positive values of x,

what is the value of ?

ID: 40c09d66 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is . The value of can be found by first rewriting the left-hand side of the given equation as

. Using the properties of exponents, this expression can be rewritten as . This expression can be

rewritten by subtracting the fractions in the exponent, which yields . Thus, is . Note that 7/6, 1.166, and
1.167 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID 3f236a64
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 3f236a64
x y

1 4

3 12

5 20

40 k

In the table above, the ratio of y to x for each ordered pair is

constant. What is the value of k ?

A. 28

B. 36

C. 80

D. 160

ID: 3f236a64 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. Since the ratio of y to x is constant for each ordered pair in the table, the first row can be used to

determine that the ratio of y to x is 4 to 1. The proportion can be used to solve for k. Multiplying each side of
the equation by 40 yields .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of y when the value of x is 7, not 40. Choice B is incorrect and may result from
subtracting 4 from 40 instead of multiplying 40 by 4. Choice C is incorrect and may result from incorrectly setting up
the proportion.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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Question ID c9fb15ad
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: c9fb15ad

Species of Growth
tree factor

Red maple 4.5

River birch 3.5

Cottonwood 2.0

Black walnut 4.5

White birch 5.0

American
4.0
elm

Pin oak 3.0

Shagbark
7.5
hickory

One method of calculating the approximate age, in years, of a tree of a

particular species is to multiply the diameter of the tree, in inches, by a
constant called the growth factor for that species. The table above gives the
growth factors for eight species of trees. If a white birch tree and a pin oak tree
each now have a diameter of 1 foot, which of the following will be closest to
the difference, in inches, of their diameters 10 years from now? (1 foot = 12
inches)

A. 1.0

B. 1.2

C. 1.3

D. 1.4

ID: c9fb15ad Answer

Correct Answer: C

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Rationale
Choice C is correct. According to the given information, multiplying a tree species’ growth factor by the tree’s diameter
is a method to approximate the age of the tree. A white birch with a diameter of 12 inches (or 1 foot) has a given
growth factor of 5 and is approximately 60 years old. A pin oak with a diameter of 12 inches (or 1 foot) has a given
growth factor of 3 and is approximately 36 years old. The diameters of the two trees 10 years from now can be found
by dividing each tree’s age in 10 years, 70 years, and 46 years, by its respective growth factor. This yields 14 inches and

inches. The difference between and 14 is , or approximately 1.3 inches.

Alternate approach: Since a white birch has a growth factor of 5, the age increases at a rate of 5 years per inch or,

equivalently, the diameter increases at a rate of of an inch per year. Likewise, the pin oak has a growth factor of 3,

so its diameter increases at a rate of of an inch per year. Thus, the pin oak grows of an inch per year more

than the white birch. In 10 years it will grow of an inch more, which is approximately 1.3 inches.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and a result of incorrectly calculating the diameters of the two trees in 10 years.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID 707db2d3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 707db2d3

For the finale of a TV show, viewers could use either social media or a text
message to vote for their favorite of two contestants. The contestant receiving
more than 50% of the vote won. An estimated 10% of the viewers voted, and
30% of the votes were cast on social media. Contestant 2 earned 70% of the
votes cast using social media and 40% of the votes cast using a text message.
Based on this information, which of the following is an accurate conclusion?

A. If all viewers had voted, Contestant 2 would have won.

B. Viewers voting by social media were likely to be younger than viewers voting by text message.

C. If all viewers who voted had voted by social media instead of by text message, Contestant 2 would have won.

D. Viewers voting by social media were more likely to prefer Contestant 2 than were viewers voting by text message.

ID: 707db2d3 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. It is given that Contestant 2 earned 70% of the votes cast using social media and 40% of the votes
cast using a text message. Based on this information, viewers voting by social media were more likely to prefer
Contestant 2 than were viewers voting by text message.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. There is not enough information about the viewers to reach these conclusions.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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Question ID 63573fea
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 63573fea

During the first month of sales, a company sold 1,300,000 units of a certain
type of smartphone. During the same month, 15% of the units sold were
returned. If sales and the return rate remain the same for each of the next 5
months, about how many units of this smartphone will be returned to the
company during this 6-month period?

A. 195,000

B. 975,000

C. 1,170,000

D. 6,630,000

ID: 63573fea Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. Of the 1,300,000 units sold during the first month, 15% were returned, so
units were returned during the first month. If the units were sold and returned at the
same rate for the next 5 months, then a total of smartphone units were returned during the
6-month period.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of units that were returned in 1 month. Choice B is incorrect. This is the
number of units that were returned in 5 months. Choice D is incorrect. This is the number of units sold and not returned
during the first 6 months.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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Question ID 457d2f2c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 457d2f2c

A data set of 27 different numbers has a mean of 33 and a median of 33. A

new data set is created by adding 7 to each number in the original data set that
is greater than the median and subtracting 7 from each number in the original
data set that is less than the median. Which of the following measures does
NOT have the same value in both the original and new data sets?

A. Median

B. Mean

C. Sum of the numbers

D. Standard deviation

ID: 457d2f2c Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. When a data set has an odd number of elements, the median can be found by ordering the values
from least to greatest and determining the middle value. Out of the 27 different numbers in this data set, 13 numbers
are below the median, one number is exactly 33, and 13 numbers are above the median. When 7 is subtracted from
each number below the median and added to each number above the median, the data spread out from the median.
Since the median of this data set, 33, is equivalent to the mean of the data set, the data also spread out from the mean.
Since standard deviation is a measure of how spread out the data are from the mean, a greater spread from the mean
indicates an increased standard deviation.

Choice A is incorrect. All the numbers less than the median decrease and all the numbers greater than the median
increase, but the median itself doesn’t change. Choices B and C are incorrect. The mean of a data set is found by
dividing the sum of the values by the number of values. The net change from subtracting 7 from 13 numbers and
adding 7 to 13 numbers is zero. Therefore, neither the mean nor the sum of the numbers changes.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID 07f2829b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 07f2829b

International Tourist
Arrivals, in millions
Country 2012 2013

France 83.0 84.7

United
66.7 69.8
States

Spain 57.5 60.7

China 57.7 55.7

Italy 46.4 47.7

Turkey 35.7 37.8

Germany 30.4 31.5

United
26.3 32.2
Kingdom

Russia 24.7 28.4

The table above shows the number of international tourist arrivals, rounded to
the nearest tenth of a million, to the top nine tourist destinations in both 2012
and 2013. Based on the information given in the table, how much greater, in
millions, was the median number of international tourist arrivals to the top nine
tourist destinations in 2013 than the median number in 2012, to the nearest
tenth of a million?

ID: 07f2829b Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 1.3. The median number of tourists is found by ordering the number of tourists from least to

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greatest and determining the middle value from this list. When the number of tourists in 2012 is ordered from least to
greatest, the middle value, or the fifth number, is 46.4 million. When the number of tourists in 2013 is ordered from
least to greatest, the middle value, or the fifth number, is 47.7 million. The difference between these two medians is
. Note that 1.3 and 13/10 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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Question ID d6af3572
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: d6af3572

The scatterplot above shows the federal-mandated minimum wage every 10

years between 1940 and 2010. A line of best fit is shown, and its equation is
. What does the line of best fit predict about the increase in
the minimum wage over the 70-year period?

A. Each year between 1940 and 2010, the average increase in minimum wage was 0.096 dollars.

B. Each year between 1940 and 2010, the average increase in minimum wage was 0.49 dollars.

C. Every 10 years between 1940 and 2010, the average increase in minimum wage was 0.096 dollars.

D. Every 10 years between 1940 and 2010, the average increase in minimum wage was 0.488 dollars.

ID: d6af3572 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The given equation is in slope-intercept form, or , where m is the value of the slope of
the line of best fit. Therefore, the slope of the line of best fit is 0.096. From the definition of slope, it follows that an
increase of 1 in the x-value corresponds to an increase of 0.096 in the y-value. Therefore, the line of best fit predicts
that for each year between 1940 and 2010, the minimum wage will increase by 0.096 dollar per hour.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from using the y-coordinate of the y-intercept as the average increase, instead of
the slope. Choice C is incorrect and may result from using the 10-year increments given on the x-axis to incorrectly
interpret the slope of the line of best fit. Choice D is incorrect and may result from using the y-coordinate of the y-
intercept as the average increase, instead of the slope, and from using the 10-year increments given on the x-axis to
incorrectly interpret the slope of the line of best fit.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID 74dee52b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 74dee52b

The line graph shows the number of graduates from the classes of 2001
through 2007 at a certain school who enrolled in college within 24 months of
graduation. Of the following, which class had the fewest graduates who
enrolled in college within 24 months of graduation?

A. 2002

B. 2004

C. 2005

D. 2007

ID: 74dee52b Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The year with the fewest graduates who enrolled in college within 24 months of graduation is the
point with the lowest value on the vertical axis. This occurs at 2002.

Choice B, C, and D are incorrect. The years 2004, 2005, and 2007 each had a greater number of graduates who enrolled
in college within 24 months of graduation than did the year 2002.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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Question ID 16cea46c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 16cea46c
Voice type Number of singers

Countertenor 4

Tenor 6

Baritone 10

Bass 5

A total of 25 men registered for singing lessons. The frequency table shows
how many of these singers have certain voice types. If one of these singers is
selected at random, what is the probability he is a baritone?

A. 0.10

B. 0.40

C. 0.60

D. 0.67

ID: 16cea46c Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. This probability is calculated by dividing the number of baritone singers by the total number of men
registered for singing lessons. It’s given that a total of 25 men registered for singing lessons and that there are 10

baritones. Therefore, the probability of selecting a baritone from this group at random is , which is equivalent to
0.40.

Choice A is incorrect. This would be the probability of selecting a baritone at random if there were 100 total men who
registered for singing lessons. Choice C is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a singer at random who isn’t a
baritone. Choice D is incorrect. This would be the probability of selecting a baritone at random if there were 15 total
men registered for singing lessons.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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Question ID b680e76d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: b680e76d
A survey taken by 1,000 students at a school asked whether they played school sports. The table below
summarizes all 1,000 responses from the students surveyed.

How many of the males surveyed responded that they do not play a school
sport?

A. 109

B. 252

C. 468

D. 688

ID: b680e76d Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. The table summarizes all 1,000 responses from the students surveyed. If 312 are males who play a
sport, 220 are females who play a sport, and 216 are females who do not play a sport, then 1,000 – 312 – 220 – 216 =
252 males who do not play a sport.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. If 109 males who do not play a sport responded, then the table summary would be
109 + 312 + 220 + 216 = 857 total student responses rather than 1,000. If 468 males who do not play a sport
responded, then the table summary would be 468 + 312 + 220 + 216 = 1,216 total student responses rather than 1,000.
If 688 males who do not play a sport responded, then the table summary would be 688 + 312 + 220 + 216 = 1,436 total
student responses rather than 1,000.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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Question ID e7d9649f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: e7d9649f

A random sample of 50 people from a town with a population of 14,878 were

asked to name their favorite flavor of ice cream. If 7 people in the sample
named chocolate as their favorite ice‑cream flavor, about how many people in
the town would be expected to name chocolate?

A. 350

B. 2,100

C. 7,500

D. 10,500

ID: e7d9649f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. Let x be the number of people in the entire town that would be expected to name chocolate. Since
the sample of 50 people was selected at random, it is reasonable to expect that the proportion of people who named
chocolate as their favorite ice-cream flavor would be the same for both the sample and the town population.

Symbolically, this can be expressed as . Using cross multiplication, ; solving for x

yields 2,083. The choice closest to the value of 2,083 is choice B, 2,100.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may be the result of errors when setting up the proportion, solving for the
unknown, or incorrectly comparing the choices to the number of people expected to name chocolate, 2,083.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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Question ID fc46af57
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: fc46af57

A bag containing 10,000 beads of assorted colors is purchased from a craft

store. To estimate the percent of red beads in the bag, a sample of beads is
selected at random. The percent of red beads in the bag was estimated to be
15%, with an associated margin of error of 2%. If r is the actual number of red
beads in the bag, which of the following is most plausible?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: fc46af57 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. It was estimated that 15% of the beads in the bag are red. Since the bag contains 10,000 beads, it
follows that there are an estimated red beads. It’s given that the margin of error is 2%, or
beads. If the estimate is too high, there could plausibly be red beads. If
the estimate is too low, there could plausibly be red beads. Therefore, the most plausible
statement of the actual number of red beads in the bag is .

Choices A and D are incorrect and may result from misinterpreting the margin of error. It’s unlikely that more than 1,700
beads or fewer than 1,300 beads in the bag are red. Choice C is incorrect because 200 is the margin of error for the
number of red beads, not the lower bound of the range of red beads.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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Question ID 642519d7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Evaluating

and Data Analysis statistical claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: 642519d7

A polling agency recently surveyed 1,000 adults who were selected at random
from a large city and asked each of the adults, “Are you satisfied with the
quality of air in the city?” Of those surveyed, 78 percent responded that they
were satisfied with the quality of air in the city. Based on the results of the
survey, which of the following statements must be true?
Of all adults in the city, 78 percent are satisfied with the quality of air in the city.
If another 1,000 adults selected at random from the city were surveyed, 78 percent of them would report they are
satisfied with the quality of air in the city.
If 1,000 adults selected at random from a different city were surveyed, 78 percent of them would report they are
satisfied with the quality of air in the city.

A. None

B. II only

C. I and II only

D. I and III only

ID: 642519d7 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. Statement I need not be true. The fact that 78% of the 1,000 adults who were surveyed responded
that they were satisfied with the air quality in the city does not mean that the exact same percentage of all adults in the
city will be satisfied with the air quality in the city. Statement II need not be true because random samples, even when
they are of the same size, are not necessarily identical with regard to percentages of people in them who have a certain
opinion. Statement III need not be true for the same reason that statement II need not be true: results from different
samples can vary. The variation may be even bigger for this sample since it would be selected from a different city.
Therefore, none of the statements must be true.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because none of the statements must be true.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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Question ID 82dfb646
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Evaluating

and Data Analysis statistical claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: 82dfb646

A market researcher selected 200 people at random from a group of people

who indicated that they liked a certain book. The 200 people were shown a
movie based on the book and then asked whether they liked or disliked the
movie. Of those surveyed, 95% said they disliked the movie. Which of the
following inferences can appropriately be drawn from this survey result?

A. At least 95% of people who go see movies will dislike this movie.

B. At least 95% of people who read books will dislike this movie.

C. Most people who dislike this book will like this movie.

D. Most people who like this book will dislike this movie.

ID: 82dfb646 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The sample was selected from a group of people who indicated that they liked the book. It is
inappropriate to generalize the result of the survey beyond the population from which the participants were selected.
Choice D is the most appropriate inference from the survey results because it describes a conclusion about people
who liked the book, and the results of the survey indicate that most people who like the book disliked the movie.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because none of these inferences can be drawn from the survey results. Choices A
and B need not be true. The people surveyed all liked the book on which the movie was based, which is not necessarily
true of all people who go see movies or all people who read books. Thus, the people surveyed are not representative of
all people who go see movies or all people who read books. Therefore, the results of this survey cannot appropriately
be extended to at least 95% of people who go see movies or to at least 95% of people who read books. Choice C need
not be true because the sample includes only people who liked the book, and so the results do not extend to people
who dislike the book.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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Question ID 0837c3b9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume

Trigonometry

ID: 0837c3b9

Triangle ABC and triangle DEF are similar triangles, where and are
corresponding sides. If and the perimeter of triangle ABC is 20,
what is the perimeter of triangle DEF ?

A. 10

B. 40

C. 80

D. 120

ID: 0837c3b9 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. Since triangles ABC and DEF are similar and , the length of each side of triangle DEF is
two times the length of its corresponding side in triangle ABC. Therefore, the perimeter of triangle DEF is two times the
perimeter of triangle ABC. Since the perimeter of triangle ABC is 20, the perimeter of triangle DEF is 40.

Choice A is incorrect. This is half, not two times, the perimeter of triangle ABC. Choice C is incorrect. This is two times
the perimeter of triangle DEF rather than two times the perimeter of triangle ABC. Choice D is incorrect. This is six
times, not two times, the perimeter of triangle ABC.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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Question ID 5b2b8866
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume

Trigonometry

ID: 5b2b8866

A rectangular poster has an area of square inches. A copy of the poster is made in which the length and width of
the original poster are each increased by . What is the area of the copy, in square inches?

ID: 5b2b8866 Answer

Correct Answer: 2592/5, 518.4

Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that the area of the original poster is square inches. Let 𝓁 represent the
length, in inches, of the original poster, and let represent the width, in inches, of the original poster. Since the area of
a rectangle is equal to its length times its width, it follows that 𝓁 . It's also given that a copy of the poster is
made in which the length and width of the original poster are each increased by . It follows that the length of the
copy is the length of the original poster plus of the length of the original poster, which is equivalent to 𝓁 𝓁
inches. This length can be rewritten as 𝓁 𝓁 inches, or 𝓁 inches. Similarly, the width of the copy is the width of
the original poster plus of the width of the original poster, which is equivalent to inches. This width
can be rewritten as inches, or inches. Since the area of a rectangle is equal to its length times its
width, it follows that the area, in square inches, of the copy is equal to 𝓁 , which can be rewritten as
𝓁 . Since 𝓁 , the area, in square inches, of the copy can be found by substituting for 𝓁 in
the expression 𝓁 , which yields , or . Therefore, the area of the copy, in square
inches, is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID 94364a79
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Lines, angles, and

Trigonometry triangles

ID: 94364a79

Two nearby trees are perpendicular to the ground, which is flat. One of these trees is feet tall and has a shadow that
is feet long. At the same time, the shadow of the other tree is feet long. How tall, in feet, is the other tree?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 94364a79 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. Each tree and its shadow can be modeled using a right triangle, where the height of the tree and
the length of its shadow are the legs of the triangle. At a given point in time, the right triangles formed by two nearby
trees and their respective shadows will be similar. Therefore, if the height of the other tree is , in feet, the value of
can be calculated by solving the proportional relationship . This equation is equivalent to
, or . Multiplying each side of the equation by yields . Therefore, the other tree is
tall.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from calculating the difference between the lengths of the shadows, rather than
the height of the other tree.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from calculating the difference between the height of the -foot-tall tree and the
length of the shadow of the other tree, rather than calculating the height of the other tree.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from a conceptual or calculation error.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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Question ID 933fee1a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Lines, angles, and

Trigonometry triangles

ID: 933fee1a

Triangles ABC and DEF are shown above. Which of the

following is equal to the ratio ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 933fee1a Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

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Choice B is correct. In right triangle ABC, the measure of angle B must be 58° because the sum of the measure of angle
A, which is 32°, and the measure of angle B is 90°. Angle D in the right triangle DEF has measure 58°. Hence, triangles
ABC and DEF are similar (by angle-angle similarity). Since is the side opposite to the angle with measure 32° and

AB is the hypotenuse in right triangle ABC, the ratio is equal to .

Alternate approach: The trigonometric ratios can be used to answer this question. In right triangle ABC, the ratio

. The angle E in triangle DEF has measure 32° because . In triangle DEF, the

ratio . Therefore, .

Choice A is incorrect because is the reciprocal of the ratio . Choice C is incorrect because , not

. Choice D is incorrect because , not .

Question Difficulty: Medium

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Question ID 6933b3d9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: 6933b3d9

In triangle RST above, point W (not shown) lies on . What is the value of
?

ID: 6933b3d9 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 0. Note that no matter where point W is on , the sum of the measures of and

is equal to the measure of , which is . Thus, and are complementary angles.

Since the cosine of an angle is equal to the sine of its complementary angle, . Therefore,

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID 6ab30ce3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: 6ab30ce3

Triangle is similar to triangle , where corresponds to and corresponds to . Angles and are
right angles. If and , what is the length of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6ab30ce3 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. Corresponding angles in similar triangles have equal measures. It's given that triangle is
similar to triangle , where corresponds to , so the measure of angle is equal to the measure of angle .
Therefore, if , then . It's given that angles and are right angles, so triangles
and are right triangles. The adjacent side of an acute angle in a right triangle is the side closest to the angle that
is not the hypotenuse. It follows that the adjacent side of angle is side . The opposite side of an acute angle in a
right triangle is the side across from the acute angle. It follows that the opposite side of angle is side . The
tangent of an acute angle in a right triangle is the ratio of the length of the opposite side to the length of the adjacent
side. Therefore, . If , the length of side can be found by substituting for
and for in the equation , which yields . Multiplying both sides of this equation by
yields . Since the length of side is times the length of side , it follows that triangle
is a special right triangle with angle measures , , and . Therefore, the length of the hypotenuse, ,
is times the length of side , or . Substituting for in this equation yields ,
or . Thus, if and , the length of is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the length of , not .

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID 9e44284b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Circles

Trigonometry

ID: 9e44284b

In the xy-plane, the graph of is a

circle. What is the radius of the circle?

A. 5

B. 6.5

C.

D.

ID: 9e44284b Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. One way to find the radius of the circle is to rewrite the given equation in standard form,
, where is the center of the circle and the radius of the circle is r. To do this, divide the

original equation, , by 2 to make the leading coefficients of and each equal to 1:

. Then complete the square to put the equation in standard form. To do so, first rewrite

as . Second, add 2.25 and 0.25 to

both sides of the equation: . Since ,

, and , it follows that . Therefore, the radius of the circle

is 5.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may be the result of errors in manipulating the equation or of a misconception
about the standard form of the equation of a circle in the xy-plane.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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Question ID 74d8b897
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Circles

Trigonometry

ID: 74d8b897

An angle has a measure of radians. What is the measure of the angle in degrees?

ID: 74d8b897 Answer

Correct Answer: 81

Rationale
The correct answer is . The measure of an angle, in degrees, can be found by multiplying its measure, in radians, by
. Multiplying the given angle measure, radians, by yields , which
is equivalent to degrees.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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