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Laboratory Lecture 1

The document provides an overview of various laboratory equipment, including their uses and precautions. It covers items such as beakers, flasks, pipets, and safety tools, detailing their specific functions in experiments. Additionally, it outlines waste disposal procedures for hazardous materials in the lab.

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andrealuzcadacio29
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12 views35 pages

Laboratory Lecture 1

The document provides an overview of various laboratory equipment, including their uses and precautions. It covers items such as beakers, flasks, pipets, and safety tools, detailing their specific functions in experiments. Additionally, it outlines waste disposal procedures for hazardous materials in the lab.

Uploaded by

andrealuzcadacio29
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab Equipment

Beaker

Beakers hold solids or


liquids that will not
release gases when
reacted or are unlikely
to splatter if stirred or
heated.
Erlenmeyer Flask

Erlenmeyer flasks hold


solids or liquids that may
release gases during a
reaction or that are
likely to splatter if
stirred or heated.
Florence Flask

Rarely used in first year


chemistry, it is used for
the mixing of chemicals.
Narrow neck prevents
splash exposure.
Graduated Cylinder

A graduated
cylinder is used to
measure volumes of
liquids.
Gas Collecting Bottle

We use gas collecting bottles


when large volumes of gases are
produced, and must be collected
by the displacement of water.
Test Tubes
13 x 100 mm test tubes

Ignition
tube

10 x 75 mm test tubes
Test Tube Holder

A test tube holder is


useful for holding a
test tube which is
too hot to handle.
Test Tube Brushes
Test tube brushes are
used to clean test tubes
and graduated cylinders.

Forcing a large brush into


a small test tube will
often break the tube.
Test Tube Racks

Test tube racks are for holding and organizing test


tubes on the laboratory counter. Plastic racks may
melt in contact with very hot test tubes.
Rubber Stoppers

Rubber stoppers are used


to close containers to avoid
spillage or contamination.

Containers should never be


heated when there is a
stopper in place.
Spot Plates
Spot plates are used when
we want to perform many
small scale reactions at
one time. We will use
these many times during
the year.
Watch Glass

A watch glass is used to


hold a small amount of
solid, such as the
product of a reaction.
Glass Stir Rod

A glass rod is used to


manually stir solutions.
It can also be used to
transfer a single drop of
a solution.
Medicine Dropper

A medicine dropper is
used to transfer a
small volume of liquid
(less than one mL).

On top of each medicine dropper is a “rubber bulb”


Litmus Paper

Red litmus paper is


used to identify
bases.

Blue litmus paper is


used to identify
acids.
Forceps

Forceps (or tweezers) are used to pick up small


objects.
Funnel

A funnel is used
to aid in the
transfer of liquid
from one vessel
to another.
Mohr Pipet

A Mohr pipet
measures and
delivers exact
volumes of liquids.
Wash Bottle

A wash bottle has a


spout that delivers a
wash solution to a
specific area. Distilled
water is the only liquid
that should be used in a
wash bottle.
Weighing Boat

Weighing boats are used to


weigh solids that will be
transferred to another
vessel.
Spatulas
Spatulas are used to
dispense solid chemicals
from their containers.

Chemicals should never


be transferred with
your bare hands.
Beaker Tongs

Beaker tongs are


used to move beakers
containing hot liquids
Bunsen Burner

Bunsen burners are used


for the heating of
nonvolatile liquids and
solids.
Evaporating Dish

The evaporating dish is


used for the heating of
stable solid compounds
and elements.
Crucible

Crucibles are used for


heating certain solids,
particularly metals, to
very high temperatures.
Clay Triangle

The clay triangle is used


as a support for
porcelein crucibles when
being heated over a
Bunsen burner.
Crucible Tongs

For handling hot crucibles;


also used to pick up other
hot objects. NOT to be
used for picking up
beakers!
WASTE DISPOSAL PROCEDURES

Laboratory in Chem
Deposit pieces of
paper, wood, glass,
and other wastes in
the garbage can.
Deposit waste acid solutions
into the acid jar. Any other
toxic chemical must be
disposed of in the waste can
(if solid) or in the sink,
followed by large quantities
of water (if liquid).
Be very careful in pouring
and transporting acids and
other corrosive chemicals.
Acids may be transported
only if the container is
properly capped.
Spilled solids should be placed
in appropriate solid waste
container and should be done
promptly because many solids
are hydroscopic and become
difficult to sweep up in a short
time as in the case of NaOH
and KOH.
Spilled acids, and
for bases, use
sodium bisulfate.
If the spilled material
is very volatile, clear
the area and let it
evaporate. Provide no
chance of igniting
flammable compounds.

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