Class – 7

Ch. - 5 Geography

1. Multiple Choice Questions

(b) The main cause of ocean currents is:

Ans. (ii) Rotation of Earth

(c) The main cause for the occurrence of tides is:

Ans. (ii) Gravitational pull

(d) Warm ocean currents originate from:

Ans. (i) Tropics

( e) Oceans are very large water bodies surrounding the:

Ans. (ii) Continents

2. Unscramble the letters in the help box and fill in the blanks.

(a) Periodic rise and fall of water is termed as:

Ans. Tides

(b) Heat of the sun helps to change water into:

Ans. Vapor

(c) Huge tidal waves are called:

Ans. Tsunamis

(d) High tides are also called:

Ans. Spring

(e) Warm ocean currents move from:

Ans. Equator

3. State whether the following statements are 'True' or 'False'.

(a) Tides help to generate electricity.

Ans. True

(b) Warm currents are denser than cold currents.

(c) Gravitational attraction of the moon causes currents.

Ans. False

(d) Water is a renewable yet scarce resource.

Ans. True

(e) Rotation of the Earth is responsible for clockwise circulation of ocean currents in the
Northern Hemisphere.

Ans. True

4. Match the following.

(a) Watery Planet: (iii) Earth

(b) Water. (v) Recyclable resource

( c) Cold Currents:

(ii) Move from pole to the tropics

(d) Rain Water Harvesting:

(i) Conservation of water

( e) Hydrological Cycle: (iv) Water cycle

7. Very Short Answer Type Questions

(a) What do you mean by hydrosphere?

Ans. The hydrosphere is the total amount of water on Earth.

(b) Suggest any two ways to conserve water.

Ans. Two ways to conserve water are

(i) Make rain water harvesting compulsory.

(c) Name the three movements of the ocean water.

Ans. The three movements of ocean water are:

* Waves

* Tides
 * Currents

(d) On what factors the shape and height of a wave depends.

Ans. The shape and height of a wave depend on:

* Wind speed

* Wind duration

* Fetch (distance over which the wind blows)

(e) What is tide?

Ans. A tide is the periodic rise and fall of the sea level, caused by the combined effects of
the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun, and the rotation of the Earth.

6. Short Answer Type Questions

(a) Is water a renewable resource? How?

Ans. Yes, water is a renewable resource. It is constantly being replenished through the
water cycle, which involves evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

(b) Mention the factors that give rise to ocean currents.

Ans. The factors that give rise to ocean currents are:

* Wind

* Temperature differences

* Salinity differences

* Earth's rotation

(c) Why is it important to use water judiciously?

Ans. It is important to use water judiciously because:

* Water is a limited resource, especially fresh water.

* Overuse of water can lead to water scarcity and droughts.

* Wasting water is environmentally unsustainable.

* (d) Distinguish between:

* (i) Waves and Tides:

* Waves are typically smaller and occur more frequently than tides.

* Tides have a regular pattern, while waves do not.

* (ii) Warm and Cold Ocean Currents:

Ans. Warm ocean currents originate from the equator and carry warm water towards the
poles.

* Cold ocean currents originate from the poles and carry cold water towards the equator.

* Warm ocean currents are typically associated with warmer climates, while cold ocean
currents are typically associated with cooler climates.

(e) According to Hindu mythology, the Moon is responsible for water-related phenomena.
Tides are also caused due to it. Does the Sun also play any role in the occurrence of tides?

Ans. Yes, the Sun also plays a role in the occurrence of tides. The gravitational pull of the
Sun, although weaker than that of the Moon, contributes to the tides.

7. Long Answer Type Questions

* (a) What are the different types of tides? Explain them in detail with their diagrams.

Ans. There are three main types of tides:

* Spring tides: These occur when the Earth, Moon, and Sun are aligned. The gravitational
pull of the Sun and Moon combine to produce the highest and lowest tides.

* Neap tides: These occur when the Moon is at a right angle to the Sun relative to the
Earth. The gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon partially cancel each other out, resulting
in smaller tides.

* Diurnal tides: These occur once a day.

* Semidiurnal tides: These occur twice a day.

* Mixed tides: These occur twice a day but with unequal heights.

(b) How are ocean currents different from waves?

Ans. Ocean currents are large-scale movements of water in the ocean, while waves are
smaller oscillations of water at the surface.
 * Ocean currents are driven by a variety of factors, including wind, temperature
differences, and salinity differences, while waves are primarily driven by wind.

* Ocean currents can transport heat and nutrients over long distances, while waves
primarily transfer energy.

(d) Warm and cold ocean currents shape the climate of the nearby areas. Do they also
affect navigation? Find out the effects of these ocean currents on the movement of ships.

Ans. Yes, warm and cold ocean currents can affect navigation. For example, the Gulf
Stream, a warm ocean current, can help ships travel faster from Europe to North America.
However, it can also create strong currents that can be dangerous for ships.

(c) Mention the important uses of tides.

Ans. Tides can be used for:

* Tidal power generation

* Navigation

* Fishing

* Coastal protection

Ans. (e) Highlight the impacts of Tsunami.

Ans. Tsunamis can cause widespread destruction, including:

* Flooding

* Loss of life

* Damage to infrastructure

* Economic disruption