MCN_MCQ

UNIT I: BASICS OF MULTIMEDIA COMPONENTS

1. What is a multimedia system?

A. A system capable of handling multiple types of data like text, audio, and
video
B. A system limited to handling text-based data
C. A system designed for financial transactions
D. A hardware-only system for processing videos
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A multimedia system integrates and processes various media
formats like text, audio, and video.

2. What is the primary advantage of using multimedia

components?
A. Reduced storage requirements
B. Enhanced interactivity and engagement
C. Simplified data formats

D. Elimination of redundancy
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Multimedia components enhance user interactivity and
engagement by combining various forms of media.

3. What is the characteristic feature of unformatted text?

A. It includes embedded hyperlinks
B. It has specific font styles and sizes
C. It has no font or style specifications
D. It includes multimedia elements
Correct Answer: C

MCN_MCQ 1
 Explanation: Unformatted text lacks predefined styles like font size or
formatting.

4. Hypertext refers to:

A. Text stored in binary format
B. Text with embedded hyperlinks
C. Text formatted for audio output
D. Text files with fixed layouts
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Hypertext includes hyperlinks that allow navigation between
different parts of a document or other documents.

5. Which of the following is an example of digitized audio?

A. Text files stored in binary
B. Compact Disc (CD) quality audio
C. Synthesized video
D. Bitmap images

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: CD-quality audio is an example of digitized audio, stored in a
digital format.

6. PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) is primarily used for:

A. Compressing video data
B. Encoding audio signals

C. Formatting hypertext
D. Synthesizing animations

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: PCM encodes analog audio signals into digital form.

7. What is the primary difference between PCM and

synthesized audio?

MCN_MCQ 2
 A. PCM is analog, synthesized audio is digital

B. PCM captures real-world sounds, synthesized audio is artificially generated

C. PCM is lossy, synthesized audio is lossless

D. PCM is used for text compression

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: PCM captures real sounds, while synthesized audio is created

using algorithms or software.

8. What is the main advantage of digital video over analog

video?
A. Unlimited storage capacity

B. Easier editing and copying without quality loss

C. Elimination of compression artifacts

D. Direct compatibility with all multimedia systems

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Digital video allows for easy editing and duplication without
degradation in quality.

9. What does the term "digitized picture" refer to?

A. A compressed image
B. An image stored as analog signals

C. An image represented in digital form

D. An animated graphic

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: A digitized picture is stored in a digital format using pixels.

10. What is the role of hardware components in a multimedia

system?
A. Creating multimedia software

B. Storing multimedia elements

C. Enabling playback and processing of multimedia data

MCN_MCQ 3
 D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C

Explanation: Hardware components support playback and processing of

multimedia elements like audio and video.

11. Which hardware component is essential for recording audio

in a multimedia system?
A. Graphics card

B. Microphone
C. Hard disk

D. Printer

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: A microphone is required for capturing audio input.

12. CD-quality audio typically uses:

A. Pulse Width Modulation

B. 44.1 kHz sampling rate

C. 8-bit encoding
D. Synthesized waveforms

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: CD-quality audio uses a 44.1 kHz sampling rate and 16-bit
encoding.

13. Text formatted for visual representation is called:

A. Hypertext

B. Formatted text
C. Unformatted text

D. ASCII text

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Formatted text includes font styles, sizes, and layouts for better
visual representation.

MCN_MCQ 4
 14. What defines animation in multimedia?
A. Static images stored digitally

B. Movement or change of graphics over time

C. Compressed audio tracks

D. Hyperlinked text

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Animation refers to the dynamic display of graphics to depict
motion.

15. What is the function of digitization in multimedia?

A. Converting digital data into analog form

B. Encoding analog signals into digital form

C. Compressing multimedia data

D. Storing data in binary format only

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Digitization converts analog signals like images, audio, and video
into digital form.

16. Which is NOT a multimedia component?

A. Graphics

B. Video

C. Text
D. Arithmetic operations

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: Arithmetic operations are not a part of multimedia components.

17. What type of text allows users to navigate to other

documents?
A. Formatted text

B. Hypertext

C. ASCII text

MCN_MCQ 5
 D. Static text

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Hypertext includes hyperlinks that allow navigation between
documents.

18. Which characteristic is unique to multimedia systems?

A. Use of only one type of data

B. Non-interactive design

C. Combination of multiple media types

D. Absence of hardware components

Correct Answer: C

Explanation: Multimedia systems integrate various types of data, including

text, audio, and video.

19. Which digitization format is typically used for images?

A. Binary-coded decimal

B. JPEG

C. ASCII

D. PCM
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: JPEG is a common format for digitized images.

20. Synthesized audio is generated by:

A. Recording natural sounds
B. Using algorithms and software

C. Encoding analog signals

D. Compressing audio files

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Synthesized audio is artificially generated using algorithms.

MCN_MCQ 6
 21. Which multimedia component involves the dynamic
representation of a sequence of frames?
A. Image
B. Animation
C. Text

D. Audio
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Animation refers to the dynamic representation of images or
frames over time.

22. What is the primary purpose of a graphics card in

multimedia systems?
A. To manage and render video and image content

B. To compress audio signals

C. To record textual data
D. To convert analog audio to digital format

Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A graphics card processes and renders visual content like images
and videos in multimedia systems.

23. What is hypermedia?

A. A subset of multimedia focusing on text and images
B. Multimedia that includes hyperlinks

C. A media format specific to digital audio

D. A software tool for video editing
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Hypermedia extends hypertext by including multimedia

components like audio and video with hyperlinks.

24. Which of the following is an essential characteristic of

digital video?

MCN_MCQ 7
 A. Requires no compression
B. Can be stored in any analog format

C. Allows random access and editing without quality loss

D. Cannot be digitized
Correct Answer: C

Explanation: Digital video allows random access and editing without losing
quality, unlike analog video.

25. Which component is critical for storing multimedia data?

A. Monitor

B. Hard drive
C. Graphics card

D. Printer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A hard drive is essential for storing large multimedia files such as
videos and audio.

26. What does PCM stand for in audio processing?

A. Pulse Control Modulation
B. Pulse Code Modulation

C. Phase Control Method

D. Phase Compression Model
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: PCM stands for Pulse Code Modulation, which converts analog
audio into digital form.

27. In multimedia, what is a digitized document?

A. A physical copy of a file

B. A document stored in an electronic format

C. A video of scanned files
D. A compressed form of audio files

MCN_MCQ 8
 Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A digitized document is stored in an electronic format for easy
access and sharing.

28. What hardware is necessary for outputting audio in a

multimedia system?
A. Microphone

B. Speakers
C. Graphics card
D. Monitor

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Speakers are required for playing audio in multimedia systems.

29. Digital video is typically stored in formats like:

A. GIF

B. AVI
C. JPEG
D. WAV

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: AVI is a common format for storing digital video files.

30. Which multimedia component involves voice recording?

A. Graphics
B. Animation
C. Audio

D. Text
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Audio includes voice and sound recording in multimedia systems.

31. What distinguishes unformatted text from formatted text?

A. Lack of fonts and styles

MCN_MCQ 9
 B. Integration with audio and video
C. Contains hyperlinks

D. Requires special software to edit

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Unformatted text does not include any font styles, sizes, or layout
specifications.

32. What is the first step in digitizing video?

A. Compression
B. Sampling

C. Frame sequencing
D. Audio synchronization

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Sampling is the process of converting analog video signals into
digital form.

33. Which multimedia element is most closely associated with

the Mach band effect?
A. Text
B. Images

C. Audio
D. Video
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: The Mach band effect is a phenomenon observed in images,

particularly in brightness gradients.

34. What is required to capture high-quality audio for

multimedia applications?
A. High-resolution monitor
B. High-bit-depth microphone
C. Synthesizer software

MCN_MCQ 10
 D. Graphics processor
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: A high-bit-depth microphone ensures accurate and high-quality

audio capture.

35. Which device is most suitable for recording live video?

A. Graphics card

B. Digital camera
C. Microphone

D. Speaker
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A digital camera captures live video for multimedia applications.

36. Which type of animation is based on mathematical formulas

rather than pixel manipulation?
A. Raster animation
B. Vector animation

C. Frame-based animation
D. Stop motion animation
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Vector animation uses mathematical equations to define motion

and shapes, unlike raster animation.

37. What is the primary function of a codec in multimedia

systems?
A. Compress and decompress multimedia data
B. Convert text to audio
C. Render high-quality images

D. Capture live video streams

Correct Answer: A

MCN_MCQ 11
 Explanation: A codec compresses and decompresses multimedia data to
optimize storage and playback.

38. Why is multimedia interactivity important?

A. It reduces data size
B. It improves user engagement and learning
C. It eliminates the need for hardware

D. It automates content generation

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Interactivity enhances user engagement and provides an

immersive learning experience.

39. Which file format is commonly used for digitized images?

A. WAV
B. GIF

C. MIDI
D. AVI

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: GIF is commonly used for storing digitized images and
animations.

40. In multimedia systems, frame rate refers to:

A. The number of pixels per frame
B. The resolution of the video

C. The number of frames displayed per second

D. The size of the video file
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Frame rate indicates how many frames are displayed per second,
affecting video smoothness.

UNIT II: TEXT AND IMAGE COMPRESSION

MCN_MCQ 12
 1. What is the primary goal of data compression?
A. To increase data redundancy
B. To reduce data size for storage and transmission
C. To convert analog data to digital
D. To secure data from unauthorized access

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Compression reduces the size of data for efficient storage and
faster transmission.

2. Which of the following is a lossless compression technique?

A. JPEG
B. Huffman coding
C. MPEG

D. Perceptual coding
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Huffman coding is a lossless compression technique as it
preserves the original data.

3. Which type of compression removes data that is less

perceivable to humans?
A. Lossy compression

B. Lossless compression
C. Entropy encoding
D. Arithmetic coding
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Lossy compression removes less critical data to achieve higher
compression ratios.

4. What is the basic principle of entropy encoding?

A. Assigning fixed-length codes to symbols
B. Assigning shorter codes to more frequent symbols

MCN_MCQ 13
 C. Encrypting symbols for security
D. Storing data without redundancy
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Entropy encoding assigns shorter codes to frequently occurring
symbols to reduce file size.

5. Huffman coding assigns code lengths based on:

A. Alphabetical order

B. Frequency of occurrence of symbols

C. Symbol size
D. Random assignment
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Huffman coding assigns shorter codes to frequently occurring
symbols.

6. Which compression technique uses a dictionary-based

approach?
A. Arithmetic coding
B. Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) compression
C. Static Huffman coding
D. Adaptive DPCM

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: LZW compression uses a dictionary-based method to encode
sequences.

7. Arithmetic coding differs from Huffman coding in that:

A. It uses fixed-length codes
B. It does not use probabilistic models
C. It encodes an entire message as a single number

D. It is a lossy compression method

Correct Answer: C

MCN_MCQ 14
 Explanation: Arithmetic coding encodes a message into a single fractional
number, unlike Huffman coding.

8. Which compression method is commonly used for text files?

A. JPEG
B. Arithmetic coding
C. LZW compression
D. MPEG

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: LZW compression is widely used for compressing text files.

9. What does JPEG stand for?

A. Joint Photographic Experts Group
B. Java Processing and Encoding Group
C. Joint Processing of Encoded Graphics

D. Java Photographic Encoding Group

Correct Answer: A
Explanation: JPEG is an acronym for Joint Photographic Experts Group, a
standard for image compression.

10. In static Huffman coding, the codebook:

A. Changes dynamically during encoding
B. Is fixed before encoding starts

C. Is generated after encoding

D. Is irrelevant to the encoding process
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: In static Huffman coding, the codebook is fixed and predefined.

11. What is the primary drawback of dynamic Huffman coding?

A. Reduced compression ratio
B. Increased computational overhead

MCN_MCQ 15
 C. Fixed code lengths
D. Poor adaptability to data variations
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Dynamic Huffman coding involves computational overhead as the
codebook changes during encoding.

12. JPEG compression uses which technique to reduce

redundancy?
A. Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)
B. Arithmetic coding
C. Predictive coding
D. Vector quantization
Correct Answer: A

Explanation: JPEG uses DCT to transform spatial domain data into the
frequency domain for redundancy reduction.

13. Which of the following is a characteristic of lossless

compression?
A. Irreversible data loss
B. No data loss during reconstruction
C. Lower compression ratio compared to lossy compression

D. Both B and C
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Lossless compression preserves original data without loss but
typically has lower compression ratios.

14. What is the main advantage of using arithmetic coding over

Huffman coding?
A. Simpler implementation

B. Better compression efficiency for small alphabets

C. Lossless compression

MCN_MCQ 16
 D. Fixed code lengths
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Arithmetic coding achieves better compression efficiency for
small symbol alphabets.

15. Which technique is used to eliminate interpixel redundancy

in image compression?
A. Predictive coding

B. Huffman coding
C. Run-length encoding
D. LZW compression
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Predictive coding reduces interpixel redundancy by encoding
differences between pixels.

16. In JPEG, the image is divided into blocks of size:

A. 4x4 pixels
B. 8x8 pixels
C. 16x16 pixels
D. 32x32 pixels
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: JPEG compression divides an image into 8x8 pixel blocks for DCT
processing.

17. LZW compression is widely used in which file format?

A. JPEG
B. GIF
C. MP3
D. PNG

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: GIF images commonly use LZW compression for efficient storage.

MCN_MCQ 17
 18. Run-length encoding is most effective for:
A. Images with frequent pixel changes
B. Text files with long sequences of repeating characters
C. Audio signals
D. Compressed video streams

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Run-length encoding works well for data with long runs of
identical values.

19. What is the purpose of quantization in image compression?

A. Converting analog data to digital
B. Reducing the precision of frequency coefficients
C. Encoding data into binary format

D. Preserving redundancy in data

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Quantization reduces precision to achieve compression by
discarding less significant frequency coefficients.

20. Which step in JPEG compression introduces loss?

A. Discrete Cosine Transform
B. Quantization

C. Entropy encoding
D. Huffman coding
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Quantization in JPEG compression introduces loss by
approximating frequency coefficients.

21. Entropy encoding can be performed using:

A. Huffman coding
B. Arithmetic coding
C. Both A and B

MCN_MCQ 18
 D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Both Huffman and arithmetic coding are forms of entropy
encoding.

22. In lossless compression, which of the following is

reconstructed?
A. Approximation of original data

B. Exact original data

C. Only high-priority data
D. Compressed data
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Lossless compression allows the exact original data to be
reconstructed.

23. The acronym DCT in image compression stands for:

A. Digital Color Transformation
B. Discrete Cosine Transform
C. Data Compression Technique
D. Discrete Continuous Transform
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: DCT is used in image compression to transform data into the

frequency domain.

24. JPEG employs which entropy encoding method?

A. LZW
B. Run-length encoding
C. Huffman coding
D. Arithmetic coding

Correct Answer: C

MCN_MCQ 19
 Explanation: JPEG uses Huffman coding as part of its entropy encoding
process.

25. What does LZW compression stand for?

A. Linear Zonal Width compression
B. Lempel-Ziv-Welch compression
C. Lossless Zone Width compression

D. Logarithmic Zone Width compression

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: LZW compression is named after its inventors, Lempel, Ziv, and
Welch.

26. Predictive coding relies on:

A. Future signal prediction
B. Differences between predicted and actual values

C. Lossy compression
D. Fixed-length coding
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Predictive coding encodes differences between predicted and
actual signal values.

27. Which algorithm divides text into variable-length patterns?

A. Huffman coding

B. LZW compression
C. Arithmetic coding
D. Run-length encoding
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: LZW compression divides text into variable-length patterns stored
in a dictionary.

28. What kind of compression is GIF known for?

MCN_MCQ 20
 A. Lossy compression
B. Lossless compression
C. Predictive compression
D. Temporal compression
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: GIF employs lossless compression, ensuring no data loss during

reconstruction.

29. The quantization step in JPEG occurs after:

A. Run-length encoding
B. Huffman coding
C. Discrete Cosine Transform
D. Image sampling

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Quantization is applied to the frequency coefficients obtained
from the DCT.

30. Which of the following is a lossy image compression

standard?
A. GIF
B. PNG

C. JPEG
D. BMP
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: JPEG is a lossy compression standard widely used for images.

31. Dynamic Huffman coding adjusts:

A. Compression ratio

B. Code lengths during encoding

C. File size
D. Image quality

MCN_MCQ 21
 Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Dynamic Huffman coding adjusts code lengths dynamically during
encoding.

32. What does a higher compression ratio indicate?

A. Better quality
B. Smaller file size

C. More redundancy
D. Higher resolution
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A higher compression ratio means a smaller file size due to
reduced redundancy.

33. Which technique is used in JPEG to encode zero-value

runs?
A. Huffman coding
B. Run-length encoding
C. Predictive coding
D. LZW compression
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Run-length encoding is used in JPEG to encode sequences of
zero values efficiently.

34. Which compression method is most suitable for

photographs?
A. JPEG
B. GIF
C. Huffman coding
D. LZW compression

Correct Answer: A

MCN_MCQ 22
 Explanation: JPEG is optimized for compressing photographs with minimal
quality loss.

35. In image compression, color redundancy is reduced using:

A. Quantization
B. Predictive coding
C. Color space transformation

D. Huffman coding
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Color space transformation reduces redundancy by converting
RGB to formats like YUV or YCbCr.

36. Which technique is used for video compression but not for
text compression?
A. Run-length encoding

B. Entropy encoding
C. Temporal compression
D. Huffman coding
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Temporal compression exploits redundancy between video
frames.

37. In predictive coding, the residual error is:

A. Compressed and transmitted
B. Discarded during encoding
C. Converted to binary
D. Multiplied by quantization coefficients
Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Residual error is compressed and transmitted to improve

accuracy.

38. Static Huffman coding requires:

MCN_MCQ 23
 A. A predefined frequency table
B. Real-time computation of frequencies
C. Quantized residual data
D. Image quality assessment

Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Static Huffman coding uses a predefined frequency table for
assigning codes.

39. Quantization in JPEG primarily affects:

A. Compression speed
B. Image quality
C. Color depth

D. File format compatibility

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Quantization reduces image quality slightly to achieve higher
compression.

40. What is the function of source encoding in compression?

A. Encrypt data for security
B. Remove redundancy from data
C. Add metadata for identification
D. Convert data to binary form
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Source encoding removes redundancy to achieve data
compression.

UNIT III: AUDIO AND VIDEO COMPRESSION

1. What is the primary purpose of audio compression?
A. Increase audio quality
B. Reduce the size of audio files

MCN_MCQ 24
 C. Encrypt audio signals
D. Convert audio to text

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Audio compression reduces the size of audio files for efficient
storage and transmission.

2. Which compression method uses differences between

consecutive samples to encode audio?
A. DPCM
B. LZW compression

C. Huffman coding
D. Arithmetic coding
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM) encodes the
difference between consecutive samples.

3. Adaptive DPCM improves upon DPCM by:

A. Using fixed quantization levels
B. Adjusting quantization levels dynamically
C. Reducing file size
D. Encoding video data
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Adaptive DPCM dynamically adjusts quantization levels to
improve accuracy.

4. What is a characteristic feature of Linear Predictive Coding

(LPC)?
A. It encodes the entire waveform directly
B. It models the human vocal tract
C. It uses Huffman coding for compression
D. It is a lossy video compression method

MCN_MCQ 25
 Correct Answer: B
Explanation: LPC models the human vocal tract for speech compression.

5. Which of the following is a lossless audio compression

method?
A. Huffman coding
B. Adaptive DPCM
C. Linear Predictive Coding
D. MPEG Layer III
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Huffman coding is a lossless compression method that can be
used for audio.

6. Code Excited Linear Prediction (CELP) is commonly used in:

A. Video compression
B. Speech compression
C. Image compression

D. Hypertext encoding
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: CELP is a speech compression method that uses codebooks to
improve efficiency.

7. Which audio compression method is most suited for high-

quality music storage?
A. PCM

B. Adaptive DPCM
C. Perceptual coding
D. Run-length encoding
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Perceptual coding is used to compress high-quality music by
removing inaudible components.

MCN_MCQ 26
 8. Which video compression standard was the first to support
video telephony?
A. MPEG-1
B. H.261
C. H.263
D. MPEG-4
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: H.261 was the first video compression standard designed for
video telephony.

9. Temporal compression in video encoding exploits:

A. Redundancy within a single frame
B. Redundancy between consecutive frames
C. Color redundancy
D. Audio-video synchronization
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Temporal compression reduces redundancy by encoding
differences between consecutive frames.

10. Which standard is used for video conferencing

applications?
A. MPEG-2
B. H.261
C. JPEG
D. LZW
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: H.261 is widely used in video conferencing due to its efficient
compression and low latency.

11. In MPEG, the term "P-frame" refers to:

A. A frame encoded using temporal prediction

MCN_MCQ 27
 B. A frame with no compression

C. A frame encoded independently

D. A highly compressed audio frame
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: P-frames are encoded based on temporal prediction using
reference frames.

12. What is the role of quantization in video compression?

A. Reducing spatial redundancy
B. Reducing temporal redundancy
C. Reducing precision of frequency coefficients
D. Increasing compression speed
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Quantization reduces the precision of frequency coefficients,
allowing for higher compression ratios.

13. MPEG-2 is primarily used for:

A. Audio compression
B. Speech compression
C. Digital television and DVDs
D. Video telephony
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: MPEG-2 is designed for digital television broadcasting and DVD
storage.

14. Which of the following standards supports scalable video

coding?
A. MPEG-1
B. MPEG-2
C. MPEG-4
D. H.261

MCN_MCQ 28
 Correct Answer: C

Explanation: MPEG-4 includes scalable coding features for various

applications and resolutions.

15. Perceptual coding is based on:

A. Statistical redundancy
B. Human auditory system limitations
C. Temporal redundancy
D. Spatial redundancy
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Perceptual coding removes components that are imperceptible to
the human ear.

16. H.263 is an improvement over H.261 in terms of:

A. Reduced latency
B. Better compression efficiency
C. Higher bit rates

D. Increased frame rate

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: H.263 offers better compression efficiency for low bit-rate video
applications.

17. What is the main advantage of MPEG-4 over MPEG-2?

A. Higher resolution
B. Lower compression ratio
C. Support for interactive multimedia
D. Improved audio compression
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: MPEG-4 supports interactive multimedia applications and a wide
range of devices.

MCN_MCQ 29
 18. In video compression, an I-frame:
A. Is encoded using temporal prediction
B. Is encoded without reference to other frames
C. Requires a reference frame
D. Encodes only differences between frames
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: I-frames are intra-coded frames encoded without reference to
other frames.

19. Which compression technique is based on psychoacoustic

principles?
A. DPCM
B. Perceptual coding
C. Huffman coding
D. Arithmetic coding
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Perceptual coding uses psychoacoustic principles to remove
inaudible components in audio signals.

20. Video compression standards like MPEG rely heavily on:

A. Predictive coding
B. LZW compression

C. Run-length encoding
D. Quantization noise
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Predictive coding is used to reduce temporal and spatial
redundancies in video compression.

21. MPEG-1 is primarily used for:

A. High-definition video
B. Low bit-rate video and audio

MCN_MCQ 30
 C. Interactive video conferencing

D. Digital cinema
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: MPEG-1 is designed for low bit-rate video and audio, commonly
used in VCDs.

22. Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) is mainly used in:

A. High-fidelity music
B. Speech compression
C. Lossless image compression
D. Video conferencing
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: LPC is widely used for speech compression due to its ability to
model the human vocal tract.

23. What is a "B-frame" in video compression?

A. A frame that uses both previous and future frames for prediction

B. A frame encoded independently

C. A highly compressed audio frame
D. A non-compressed video frame
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: B-frames (Bidirectional frames) use both previous and future
reference frames for encoding.

24. H.261 uses which quantization technique?

A. Uniform quantization
B. Non-uniform quantization
C. Adaptive quantization
D. Predictive quantization
Correct Answer: A

Explanation: H.261 uses uniform quantization to encode video data.

MCN_MCQ 31
 25. MPEG-4 supports video streaming over:
A. Circuit-switched networks
B. Packet-switched networks
C. Analog networks
D. Optical networks only
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: MPEG-4 is optimized for video streaming over packet-switched
networks like the Internet.

26. DPCM achieves compression by:

A. Removing spatial redundancy
B. Encoding differences between consecutive samples
C. Predicting future samples
D. Quantizing frequency coefficients
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: DPCM encodes differences between consecutive samples to
achieve compression.

27. What is the key advantage of using B-frames in MPEG

compression?
A. Reduced latency
B. Increased compression efficiency
C. Simplified decoding
D. Reduced quantization errors
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: B-frames improve compression efficiency by exploiting temporal
redundancy.

28. Which audio compression standard is commonly used in

mobile devices?
A. PCM

MCN_MCQ 32
 B. MP3

C. JPEG
D. H.263
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: MP3 is widely used for audio compression in mobile devices.

29. What does "MPEG" stand for?

A. Multimedia Picture Encoding Group

B. Moving Picture Experts Group

C. Motion Prediction Encoding Group
D. Media Processing Experts Group
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: MPEG stands for Moving Picture Experts Group, which develops
video compression standards.

30. Perceptual coding takes advantage of:

A. Human visual limitations
B. Human auditory limitations
C. Statistical properties of text
D. Lossless encoding principles
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Perceptual coding removes audio components that are inaudible
to the human ear.

31. H.263 was developed for:

A. High-definition TV
B. Low bit-rate video conferencing
C. DVD video
D. Interactive gaming
Correct Answer: B

MCN_MCQ 33
 Explanation: H.263 is optimized for low bit-rate video conferencing
applications.

32. The primary goal of MPEG-4 visual profiles is:

A. Encoding audio signals
B. Supporting scalable and interactive multimedia
C. Compressing raw text files
D. Encrypting video data
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: MPEG-4 visual profiles support scalable and interactive
multimedia applications.

33. Temporal redundancy is minimized in video compression

by:
A. Using quantization
B. Encoding differences between frames
C. Transforming data into the frequency domain
D. Increasing bit rate
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Temporal redundancy is reduced by encoding the differences
between consecutive frames.

34. Which frame type in video compression requires no

prediction?
A. I-frame
B. P-frame
C. B-frame
D. D-frame
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: I-frames are independently encoded and do not use prediction.

35. Adaptive DPCM adjusts:

MCN_MCQ 34
 A. Frame size

B. Quantization step size

C. Compression ratio
D. Frame rate
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Adaptive DPCM dynamically adjusts quantization step sizes to
improve efficiency.

36. MPEG-2 supports resolutions up to:

A. 320x240 pixels
B. 720x480 pixels
C. 1920x1080 pixels
D. 3840x2160 pixels
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: MPEG-2 supports resolutions up to 720x480, commonly used in

DVDs.

37. Which standard is primarily used for HDTV?

A. H.261
B. H.263
C. MPEG-2
D. MPEG-4
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: MPEG-2 is widely used for high-definition television broadcasts.

38. MPEG compression achieves efficiency by:

A. Using only lossless techniques
B. Exploiting spatial and temporal redundancy
C. Increasing bit rates
D. Encoding all frames independently

MCN_MCQ 35
 Correct Answer: B

Explanation: MPEG compression uses spatial and temporal redundancy to

reduce file size.

39. Linear Predictive Coding is based on:

A. Quantization noise
B. Modeling vocal tract characteristics
C. Removing frequency coefficients
D. Temporal redundancy
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: LPC models vocal tract characteristics to efficiently compress
speech.

40. MPEG-4 is most suitable for:

A. Analog video storage
B. High bit-rate DVD storage

C. Internet video streaming

D. Video telephony
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: MPEG-4 is optimized for efficient video streaming over the
Internet.

UNIT IV: MULTIMEDIA NETWORKING

1. What is the primary purpose of multimedia networking?
A. Compress multimedia files
B. Facilitate the transmission of multimedia data over a network
C. Enhance the resolution of multimedia content
D. Encrypt multimedia content
Correct Answer: B

MCN_MCQ 36
 Explanation: Multimedia networking enables the transmission and distribution
of multimedia content like video, audio, and text over networks.

2. Which of the following is an example of a multimedia

networking application?
A. Online banking
B. Video conferencing
C. File compression
D. Data encryption

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Video conferencing involves the real-time transmission of audio
and video, which is a key application of multimedia networking.

3. What does "Best Effort Service" in multimedia networking

mean?
A. Guaranteed delivery of multimedia content
B. No guarantees on delay or delivery

C. Reserved bandwidth for multimedia data

D. Error-free transmission
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Best Effort Service does not provide guarantees on delivery or
delay, relying on the underlying network capabilities.

4. Which protocol is commonly used for real-time multimedia

applications?
A. TCP
B. UDP
C. FTP
D. SMTP
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: UDP is preferred for real-time multimedia applications because it
has low latency and minimal overhead.

MCN_MCQ 37
 5. What is a key challenge in multimedia networking?
A. Compressing multimedia data
B. Synchronizing audio and video streams
C. Encoding hypertext
D. Using static IP addresses
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Synchronizing audio and video streams is critical to ensuring
seamless playback in multimedia networking.

6. What does RSVP stand for in multimedia networking?

A. Resource Simplification Protocol
B. Real-time Streaming Protocol
C. Resource Reservation Protocol
D. Reliable Streaming Video Protocol
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: RSVP stands for Resource Reservation Protocol, used to reserve
resources for multimedia applications.

7. What is the primary advantage of using RTP (Real-Time

Protocol)?
A. Ensures error-free data delivery
B. Provides real-time transport of multimedia data
C. Reduces network congestion
D. Encrypts multimedia streams
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: RTP is designed for the real-time transmission of multimedia data
such as audio and video.

8. What is the role of RTCP (Real-Time Control Protocol)?

A. To manage network congestion

MCN_MCQ 38
 B. To synchronize audio and video streams
C. To compress multimedia data
D. To encrypt multimedia streams
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: RTCP works alongside RTP to monitor transmission quality and
synchronize multimedia streams.

9. What is a major limitation of Best Effort Service?

A. High resource requirements
B. Lack of guarantees for delivery or delay
C. Incompatibility with multimedia formats
D. High computational overhead
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Best Effort Service provides no guarantees on delay, bandwidth,

or delivery, which may lead to variable quality.

10. What does "Beyond Best Effort Service" aim to achieve?

A. Increase network latency
B. Guarantee quality of service (QoS) for multimedia applications
C. Reduce multimedia compression time
D. Replace RTP and RTCP protocols
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Beyond Best Effort Service aims to provide guaranteed QoS for
multimedia networking.

11. Which of the following is a scheduling mechanism in

multimedia networking?
A. First-Come-First-Serve (FCFS)
B. Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ)
C. Random Access Memory (RAM)
D. Encapsulation

MCN_MCQ 39
 Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) is a scheduling mechanism that
ensures fair allocation of network resources.

12. What is the primary goal of policing mechanisms in

multimedia networking?
A. Compress multimedia files
B. Monitor and enforce resource usage

C. Ensure error-free data transmission

D. Reduce multimedia quality
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Policing mechanisms monitor and enforce resource usage to
ensure compliance with QoS agreements.

13. What does "Integrated Services Architecture" provide in

multimedia networking?
A. Error detection
B. Guaranteed QoS through resource reservation
C. High-speed file transfer
D. Multimedia content compression
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Integrated Services Architecture provides QoS by reserving
resources for multimedia applications.

14. Differentiated Services Architecture prioritizes:

A. Bandwidth allocation for all applications equally
B. Certain types of traffic over others
C. Encoding multimedia data
D. Compression of video files
Correct Answer: B

MCN_MCQ 40
 Explanation: Differentiated Services Architecture prioritizes traffic to provide
better service for high-priority applications.

15. Which protocol is responsible for audio and video

synchronization in real-time applications?
A. TCP
B. RTCP
C. FTP

D. ICMP
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: RTCP handles audio and video synchronization in real-time
multimedia applications.

16. What is the primary function of a multimedia streaming

server?
A. Compress multimedia files

B. Deliver multimedia content in real-time

C. Encrypt multimedia data
D. Perform error correction
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A streaming server delivers multimedia content in real-time to
clients.

17. Which type of multimedia application is considered delay-

sensitive?
A. Email
B. Video conferencing
C. File transfer
D. Database queries
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Video conferencing requires low latency and is highly sensitive to
delays.

MCN_MCQ 41
 18. What is a key characteristic of real-time interactive
applications?
A. Fixed bandwidth usage
B. Sensitivity to delays and jitter
C. Large file size requirements
D. Independence from network congestion
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Real-time interactive applications require minimal delay and jitter
for smooth operation.

19. How does RTP handle data delivery?

A. Error correction and retransmission
B. Best Effort delivery with no guarantees
C. Sequencing and time-stamping multimedia data
D. Resource reservation

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: RTP ensures proper delivery by sequencing and time-stamping
multimedia packets.

20. Differentiated Services Architecture uses which field in the

IP header?
A. Source address
B. Type of Service (ToS)

C. Time-to-Live (TTL)
D. Protocol identifier
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Differentiated Services Architecture uses the ToS field to prioritize
traffic.

21. What is the primary purpose of scheduling mechanisms in

multimedia networking?

MCN_MCQ 42
 A. Data encryption
B. Allocation of bandwidth and resources
C. Compress multimedia files
D. Synchronize multimedia streams
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Scheduling mechanisms allocate bandwidth and resources to
ensure QoS.

22. Which of the following is a characteristic of Integrated

Services Architecture?
A. It provides best-effort service only
B. It guarantees QoS by reserving resources
C. It eliminates the need for RTCP
D. It is incompatible with real-time applications
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Integrated Services Architecture guarantees QoS through
resource reservation.

23. What is jitter in multimedia networking?

A. Compression artifact in images
B. Variability in packet arrival times

C. High-resolution audio distortion

D. Loss of data packets
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Jitter refers to the variability in packet arrival times, affecting
multimedia playback.

24. Streaming multimedia content requires:

A. High storage capacity
B. High-speed network bandwidth
C. Advanced data compression techniques

MCN_MCQ 43
 D. Error correction mechanisms
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Streaming multimedia content requires high-speed bandwidth for
smooth playback.

25. What type of multimedia content typically uses HTTP

streaming?
A. Real-time video conferencing

B. On-demand video and audio

C. Interactive gaming
D. Encrypted communication
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: HTTP streaming is commonly used for on-demand multimedia
content delivery.

26. What is the primary goal of QoS in multimedia networking?

A. Increase network latency
B. Improve the user experience by ensuring reliable delivery
C. Reduce bandwidth consumption
D. Eliminate multimedia compression
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: QoS ensures reliable and consistent delivery of multimedia

content to improve user experience.

27. Which protocol is NOT commonly associated with

multimedia networking?
A. RTP
B. RTCP
C. FTP

D. RSVP
Correct Answer: C

MCN_MCQ 44
 Explanation: FTP is not used for real-time multimedia applications.

28. How does "scheduling" improve multimedia performance?

A. By encoding multimedia data
B. By prioritizing packets for timely delivery
C. By compressing audio and video
D. By reducing file sizes

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Scheduling prioritizes multimedia packets to ensure timely and
reliable delivery.

29. What does a multimedia buffer help reduce?

A. Latency
B. Jitter
C. Compression ratio
D. File size
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Buffers help reduce jitter by temporarily storing data before
playback.

30. What is the function of a multimedia proxy server?

A. Encode multimedia files
B. Cache multimedia content for faster delivery

C. Synchronize audio and video streams

D. Compress multimedia data
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A multimedia proxy server caches content to improve delivery
speeds.

31. What does "adaptive streaming" do?

A. Compress multimedia in real-time

MCN_MCQ 45
 B. Adjust video quality based on network conditions
C. Encrypt multimedia streams
D. Reserve network resources
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Adaptive streaming adjusts video quality dynamically based on
network conditions.

32. What is an example of a real-time streaming protocol?

A. HTTP
B. RTSP
C. FTP
D. SMTP
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: RTSP (Real-Time Streaming Protocol) is commonly used for real-

time streaming applications.

33. Packet loss in multimedia networking can result in:

A. Better video quality
B. Distorted audio and video
C. Increased file size
D. Reduced compression ratio
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Packet loss leads to audio and video distortion during playback.

34. What is the key feature of RSVP?

A. Error correction
B. Resource reservation for multimedia streams
C. Compressing multimedia files
D. Encrypting video streams
Correct Answer: B

MCN_MCQ 46
 Explanation: RSVP reserves network resources to ensure QoS for multimedia
applications.

35. Which multimedia application is least sensitive to delay?

A. File sharing
B. Video conferencing
C. Live gaming
D. VoIP
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: File sharing is not delay-sensitive, unlike real-time multimedia
applications.

36. What type of architecture is used in Differentiated Services

(DiffServ)?
A. Best Effort Service
B. Priority-based service
C. Guaranteed resource allocation
D. Compression-based architecture
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: DiffServ uses priority-based service to handle different types of
traffic efficiently.

37. How does "Integrated Services" differ from "Best Effort

Service"?
A. Integrated Services guarantees QoS, while Best Effort does not
B. Integrated Services uses UDP, while Best Effort uses TCP
C. Integrated Services is faster than Best Effort
D. Best Effort is used for multimedia applications only

Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Integrated Services provide QoS guarantees, while Best Effort
offers no such assurances.

MCN_MCQ 47
 38. What is the role of a multimedia gateway?
A. Compress video files
B. Convert between different multimedia formats
C. Reserve network resources
D. Encrypt data streams

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A multimedia gateway converts multimedia streams between
different formats or protocols.

39. Which term describes variable packet delay in multimedia

networking?
A. Latency
B. Jitter
C. Bandwidth
D. Compression artifact
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Jitter refers to variability in packet delay, which affects multimedia
playback quality.

40. What is a characteristic of streaming stored multimedia?

A. It is real-time interactive
B. It allows buffering for smooth playback
C. It requires resource reservation
D. It cannot be compressed
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Streaming stored multimedia uses buffering to ensure smooth
playback.

UNIT V: VOIP TECHNOLOGY

1. What does VoIP stand for?

MCN_MCQ 48
 A. Video over Internet Protocol
B. Voice over Internet Protocol
C. Voice over Integrated Platforms
D. Video on Integrated Protocol
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: VoIP stands for Voice over Internet Protocol, which enables voice
communication over IP networks.

2. Which is a major challenge in implementing VoIP?

A. Low bandwidth requirements
B. Synchronizing audio and video streams
C. Maintaining voice quality and minimizing latency
D. Simple hardware setup
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: VoIP faces challenges in maintaining high voice quality and
minimizing latency during transmission.

3. What is the primary function of the SIP protocol in VoIP?

A. Encrypt voice packets
B. Establish, modify, and terminate VoIP sessions

C. Compress voice data

D. Stream video content
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) is used to establish, manage, and
terminate VoIP calls.

4. Which codec is commonly used in VoIP for high-quality

audio compression?
A. G.711
B. H.264
C. JPEG

MCN_MCQ 49
 D. MPEG-4
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: G.711 is a codec widely used in VoIP for high-quality audio
compression.

5. What is the role of an IP PBX in VoIP?

A. Compress multimedia data
B. Provide network encryption
C. Manage and route VoIP calls within a network
D. Transmit video streams
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: An IP PBX (Private Branch Exchange) manages and routes VoIP
calls within a network.

6. What is the function of RTP in VoIP systems?

A. Encrypt voice data
B. Compress audio streams
C. Deliver real-time audio and video packets
D. Convert analog signals to digital
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: RTP (Real-Time Protocol) is responsible for delivering real-time
audio and video packets in VoIP systems.

7. Which transport protocol is typically used in VoIP systems for

real-time delivery?
A. TCP
B. UDP
C. HTTP

D. FTP
Correct Answer: B

MCN_MCQ 50
 Explanation: UDP is preferred for real-time delivery in VoIP systems because
of its low latency and minimal overhead.

8. What is the main role of SS7 in VoIP?

A. Encoding voice packets
B. Managing call setup, routing, and control
C. Encrypting voice data

D. Streaming multimedia files

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: SS7 (Signaling System 7) is used to manage call setup, routing,
and control in telecommunication networks.

9. Which protocol is responsible for media control in VoIP?

A. SIP
B. SDP
C. HTTP
D. SMTP
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: SDP (Session Description Protocol) provides information about
media streams, such as codecs and transport protocols.

10. What is a significant advantage of using VoIP over

traditional telephony?
A. Higher call charges
B. Reduced infrastructure costs
C. Increased latency
D. Limited scalability
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: VoIP reduces infrastructure costs by utilizing existing IP networks
for voice communication.

11. What does jitter in VoIP systems refer to?

MCN_MCQ 51
 A. Packet loss during transmission
B. Variable delay in packet arrival times
C. Increased bandwidth usage
D. Encrypted voice streams

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Jitter refers to variability in packet arrival times, which can affect
VoIP call quality.

12. H.323 is a standard for:

A. Video compression
B. Real-time voice and multimedia communication
C. Encrypting VoIP streams
D. Managing IP routing
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: H.323 is a standard for real-time voice and multimedia
communication over IP networks.

13. What is a common method for improving VoIP call quality?

A. Increasing packet size
B. Prioritizing VoIP traffic using QoS
C. Reducing codec complexity
D. Using only wired networks
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: QoS (Quality of Service) prioritizes VoIP traffic to ensure high call
quality.

14. What is the purpose of a VoIP gateway?

A. Encrypt voice data
B. Convert voice signals between analog and digital formats
C. Compress video streams
D. Route IP packets

MCN_MCQ 52
 Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A VoIP gateway converts voice signals between analog and digital
formats, enabling interoperability between traditional telephony and VoIP.

15. Which protocol is used to ensure secure VoIP

communication?
A. RTP
B. SRTP
C. UDP
D. HTTP
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: SRTP (Secure Real-Time Protocol) provides encryption and
authentication for secure VoIP communication.

16. What does CODEC stand for in VoIP?

A. Communication Device Encoder
B. Coder-Decoder
C. Complex Data Compression
D. Compressed Data Encoder
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: CODEC stands for Coder-Decoder, which is used to compress
and decompress audio signals.

17. Which of the following is a commonly used VoIP signaling

protocol?
A. SMTP
B. SIP
C. FTP
D. SNMP
Correct Answer: B

MCN_MCQ 53
 Explanation: SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) is a widely used signaling protocol
for VoIP.

18. Packet loss in VoIP can lead to:

A. Increased call duration
B. Reduced voice quality
C. Improved network bandwidth
D. Enhanced encryption
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Packet loss reduces voice quality and can result in missing parts
of a conversation.

19. Which field in an IP packet is used to prioritize VoIP traffic?

A. Source IP address
B. Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP)
C. Destination IP address
D. Packet length
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: DSCP is used to prioritize VoIP traffic and ensure Quality of
Service.

20. What does "call establishment" in VoIP involve?

A. Encrypting voice packets
B. Setting up a connection between two endpoints
C. Compressing voice signals
D. Terminating an ongoing call
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Call establishment sets up a connection between endpoints for
communication.

21. What is the primary purpose of VoIP packet prioritization?

MCN_MCQ 54
 A. Reduce latency and ensure call quality
B. Increase bandwidth for other applications
C. Compress multimedia content
D. Encrypt call data
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Packet prioritization reduces latency and ensures better call
quality in VoIP systems.

22. What is one disadvantage of VoIP compared to traditional

telephony?
A. Increased cost
B. Dependency on internet connectivity

C. Limited scalability
D. Lower voice compression efficiency
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: VoIP is dependent on internet connectivity, which can be a
drawback in areas with poor network infrastructure.

23. Which layer in the OSI model does SIP operate at?
A. Network layer
B. Transport layer
C. Application layer
D. Data link layer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: SIP operates at the application layer of the OSI model.

24. What is the primary goal of QoS in VoIP?

A. Reduce bandwidth usage
B. Ensure reliable and high-quality voice communication
C. Increase encryption levels
D. Simplify network setup

MCN_MCQ 55
 Correct Answer: B
Explanation: QoS ensures reliable and high-quality voice communication in
VoIP systems.

25. Which component in a VoIP system converts voice into IP

packets?
A. Codec
B. Gateway
C. Router
D. Switch
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A codec converts voice signals into IP packets for transmission
over a network.

26. What is the function of "call release" in VoIP?

A. Encrypt voice data
B. Terminate an ongoing call
C. Establish a connection between endpoints
D. Monitor network traffic
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Call release terminates an ongoing VoIP session.

27. Which protocol in VoIP is responsible for handling call

control and signaling?
A. RTP
B. SIP
C. SRTP
D. UDP

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: SIP handles call control and signaling in VoIP communication.

MCN_MCQ 56
 28. What does a higher MOS (Mean Opinion Score) indicate in
VoIP?
A. Better voice quality
B. Reduced call duration
C. Increased packet loss
D. Lower latency
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A higher MOS indicates better voice quality as perceived by
users.

29. What is the primary function of jitter buffers in VoIP?

A. Compress voice data

B. Smooth out packet arrival times

C. Encrypt VoIP streams
D. Transmit media control information
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Jitter buffers reduce the impact of variable packet arrival times by
smoothing out playback.

30. Which codec provides high compression but lower voice

quality?
A. G.711
B. G.729
C. H.264
D. G.722
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: G.729 provides high compression but lower voice quality
compared to G.711.

31. What is VoIP latency?

A. The time taken for a call to establish

MCN_MCQ 57
 B. The delay between speaking and hearing in a VoIP call
C. The time taken to encode a voice packet
D. The total duration of a VoIP call
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Latency is the delay between speaking and hearing in a VoIP call.

32. Which protocol is used to manage media negotiation in

VoIP?
A. SIP
B. SDP
C. RTP
D. FTP
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: SDP manages media negotiation, including codec selection and
transport details.

33. What is the primary benefit of using SRTP in VoIP?

A. Improved compression efficiency
B. Enhanced security through encryption
C. Faster call establishment
D. Simplified signaling
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: SRTP provides enhanced security for VoIP communication by
encrypting voice data.

34. Which component ensures that VoIP calls comply with QoS
policies?
A. Codec

B. Router
C. Traffic Shaper
D. Switch

MCN_MCQ 58
 Correct Answer: C
Explanation: A traffic shaper ensures that VoIP calls comply with QoS policies
by managing bandwidth.

35. Which factor affects VoIP call quality the most?

A. Frame rate

B. Network jitter and packet loss

C. File size
D. Encoding speed
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Jitter and packet loss are critical factors affecting VoIP call
quality.

36. What is the role of a VoIP softphone?

A. Encode voice packets
B. Emulate a traditional telephone on a computer or mobile device
C. Compress multimedia data
D. Encrypt calls
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: A softphone emulates a traditional telephone on a computer or

mobile device, enabling VoIP communication.

37. Which of the following is NOT a feature of VoIP?

A. Cost-effective communication
B. Dependency on Internet connectivity
C. Guaranteed call quality
D. Integration with multimedia applications
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: VoIP does not guarantee call quality as it depends on network
conditions.

MCN_MCQ 59
 38. Which protocol is most commonly used for voice packet
delivery in VoIP?
A. RTP
B. TCP
C. FTP
D. SNMP
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: RTP is used for delivering real-time voice packets in VoIP
systems.

39. What does the term "VoIP applicability" refer to?

A. Applications that benefit from VoIP technology
B. Encoding techniques in VoIP
C. Security protocols in VoIP
D. Compression standards in VoIP
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: VoIP applicability refers to the range of applications and scenarios
where VoIP technology can be effectively used.

40. What is the primary function of a VoIP session border

controller (SBC)?
A. Encrypt voice data
B. Manage and secure VoIP traffic between networks
C. Compress multimedia files
D. Monitor QoS policies
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: An SBC secures and manages VoIP traffic between different
networks.

MCN_MCQ 60