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The Indus Valley Civilization, originating around 1960 BC in present-day India and Pakistan, is recognized as the oldest civilization in human history, known for its advanced urban planning and infrastructure. The civilization featured a unique language, trade routes with Mesopotamia and Egypt, and significant cities like Mohenjo-daro, which housed the Great Bath. Its decline remains uncertain, though many historians attribute it to climate change and flooding in the Indus River.

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7 views10 pages

Untitled 2-2

The Indus Valley Civilization, originating around 1960 BC in present-day India and Pakistan, is recognized as the oldest civilization in human history, known for its advanced urban planning and infrastructure. The civilization featured a unique language, trade routes with Mesopotamia and Egypt, and significant cities like Mohenjo-daro, which housed the Great Bath. Its decline remains uncertain, though many historians attribute it to climate change and flooding in the Indus River.

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avrinda193
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ORIGIN, BELIEFS, REASON OF DESTRUCTION, LIFE OF PEOPLE.

INDUS VALLEY CIVILISATION


ORIGIN

Indus Valley civilisation, the oldest civilisation

in human history, which originated in south

asian countries of India and Pakistan in 1960

BC. Archeologists have discovered fourteen

hundred sites out of them nine hundred lie in

current day India and five hundred in

Pakistan and Afghanistan (current day). This

civilisation is name is Indus Valley civilisation

because it was on the banks of the river


URBAN PLANING IN
THE WORLD’S OLDEST
CIVILISATION.

Evidences are, in 2600 BC there were multi story

houses made of bricks. There was a standardise

measurements of the brick, the length was twenty

eight centimetres and width was fourteen

centimetres. Every house used to have a bathroom.

Proper drainage systems were there. There were

proper gutters. There were footpaths, public wells,

where people can walk and drink water from. Dustbins

were there, where people use to throw trash.


LANGUAGE SPOKEN AND WRITTEN IN INDUS
VALLEY CIVILISATION.
Unlike other bronze age civilisation, the language of Indus

Valley civilisation remain a mystery for historians. Some

historians believe that Indus script is a a logo syllabic script,

which means logos have been used to express a certain sound

or word. Historians have discovered some patterns, for

example, as you can see in the image whenever the diamond

symbol is used, it is always followed by the symbol of two

parallel lines. But it is never followed by the symbol of any stick

figures. It is also discovered by historians that unlike English,

which is written in latin script or Hindi, Urdu and Punjabi

(languages spoken in those area where this civilisation was) is

written in different scripts but all are written from left to right

but this language was written from right to left just like Arabic.

Historians collected all the symbols and concluded that there

are four hundred symbols in Indus language.


TRADE ROUTES
WITH OTHER
CIVILISATIONS.
Historians found some stones in Mesopotamia

where Indus language was written (current day

Iran and Iraq) which means that there is a

possibility that trade use happen between

these two ancient civilisation. And not only

between these two civilisation, Indus Valley

civilisation had trade with Egyptian civilisation

as well.
MAJOR CITIES AND
THEIR DESIGN.
Every city had two major segments, first, the lower

mount which was surrounded by a boundary wall

on every side and second is the citadel which is

made on higher ground known as upper mount.

The citadel was usually on the west direction of

every city, it had its own boundaries. The fort or

citadel had all the public spaces such as

marketplace and workshop. The purpose behind

building the boundaries was to keep wild animals

away and to protect the cities from floods.


ATTRACTIONS IN
THE MAJOR CITIES.

The most iconic attraction found in the Indus Valley

civilisation is the great bath. It was a big swimming pool

with the length of nine hundred square feet and depth

of two point four metres. It was built with burnt brick

and was waterproofed by using natural tar. There was

natural well and a drainage hole too which means the

water used was always fresh and clean. This great bath

is found in the cleanest city of Indus Valley which is

Mohenjo-daro , this is why historians believe that

Mohenjo-daro was the capital city of Indus Valley

civilisation.
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
IN INDUS VALLEY
CIVILISATION

Unlike Mesopotamia civilisation where there was

temples, there were no mosques, temples,

churches in Indus Valley civilisation. There were

no royal tombs or palaces which means that

there was no monarch or god in the Indus Valley

civilisation. Archeologist haven’t found any

evidence of army as well.


CAUSE OF
DESTRUCTIONS.

It is not clear that why this civilisation

came to end but many historians believe

that the reason was climate change.

There was a flood in Indus River.


THANKS FOR LISTENING 🙏

BY P&N

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