No.

of pages - 24 (E)
MARKING SCHEME
COMMON ANNUAL SCHOOL EXAMINATION (2024-25)
CLASS : XI
SUBJECT: PHYSICS (042)
le; % 3 ?kaVs vf/dre vad & 70
Time Allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 70

SECTION-A

1. (b) [M1L 1T 2 ] 1

2. (a) 5 2m 1

3. (b) 12 N-s 1

4. (d) 5:4 1

5. (c) Total mechanical energy 1

6. (a) solid sphere reaches the bottom first 1

7. (b) internal forces of the particles 1

 d12 
8. (b) F2  F1  2  1
 d 2 

9. (d) Longitudinal 1

10. (b) Specific heat capacity 1

11. (b) Total energy of a system remains constant 1

12. (c) 1-S, 2-P, 3-Q, 4-R 1

1 XI-PHYSICS-E
13. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of

Assertion (A). 1

14. (c) Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false. 1

15. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of

Assertion (A). 1

16. (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and (R) is the not correct explanation

of Assertion (A).

SECTION-B

17. [F]  [MLT 2 ] ½

[F] 100N
[M]   ½+½
[LT 2 ] 10M  (100s) 2

[M]  105 kg ½

18. R + F sin  = W

R = W – F sin 

Fk = µR = µ (W – F sin ) 1

2 XI-PHYSICS-E
R1 = F sin  + mg

Fk1  µk R 1

Fk1  µk (Fsin  mg) 1

Fk1  Fk

OR

3 XI-PHYSICS-E
 (a) For t < 0 and t > 4s, the position of particle is not changing. So no force act

on it. ½

(b) Before t = 0, particle is at rest, u = 0. After t = 0, the particle has a constant

3
velocity. V = slope of OA = m/s. ½
4

At t = 0 , Impulse = change in momentum

 3 
 m(v u) 4   0 3 kg m / s ½
 4 

At t = 4s,

 3 
I  m(v u) 4  0  ½
 4 

  3 kg m / s

GM
19. We know g 
R2

4 3
M  V   RP ½
3

GV 4 . R 3 PG
 g 
R2 3 R2

4
g   R G ½
3

4 XI-PHYSICS-E
 4 4  
g   R
   G  ( 2 R)   G ½
3 3  2

4
   R G g
3

g 1
g   g or  ½
g 1

20. Hook’s law : Within elastic limit stress is directly proportional to strain. 1

Young’s modulus 1

longitudinal stress
Y
longitudinal strain

F/A Mg.
 
  /  A 

5 XI-PHYSICS-E
21. Kelvin – Planck statement :

It is possible to construct an engine, which will produce no effect other than extracting

heat from a reservoir and performing an equivalent amount at work.

Ex. Heat Engine. 1

Clausius statement – It is impossible for self acting machine, unaided by any external

agency, to transfer heat from a body at lower temperature to a body at higher

temperature.

Ex. Refrigerator. 1

22. (A) (a) Acceleration time graph 1

(b) Velocity time 1

6 XI-PHYSICS-E
 (c) Position time 1

OR

22. (B) (a) The ball moves under the effect at gravity. 1

The direction at accelerating due to gravity is always vertically downward.

(b) At the highest point, v = 0, ½

and acceleration a = –g = 9.8 m/s2 ½

7 XI-PHYSICS-E
 (c) v 2  u 2 2gh, v 0

u 2 20  20
h   20m ½
2g 2  10

u 20
v  u at  u  gt
 t
g 10

t = 2s

Total time = 2 + 2 = 4s ½

23. There are three forces acting on avid point P of the rope as shown. 1

In equilibrium

T1 cos   60

T1 sin   50

T1 sin  50 5
 tan  
T1 cos  60 6

 5
  tan  1   
40 1
 6

8 XI-PHYSICS-E
24. Elastic collision : If there is no loss of kinetic energy during a collision. It is called an

elastic collision. ½

Inelastic collision : If there is a loss of kinetic energy during a collision, it is called an

inelastic collision. ½

Before collision At collision After collision

We have, velocity after collision,

 m  m 2  2m 2 u 2
v1   1  u1 ½
 m1  m 2  (m1 m 2 )

 m  m1  2m1u1
v 2   2  u 2 ½
 m1  m 2  (m1 m 2 )

If m2 >> m1, and m2 at rest; u2 = 0, m1 0

m2
v1   u1  u1 ½
m2

v 2  0 0 0 ½

v1   u1 –ve sign shows that lighter body after collision reverse its path.

9 XI-PHYSICS-E
25. We know, gravitational potential due to a point mass at a distance, r, is

Gm
V ½
r

As the point 0 is equidistant from all three masses.

3mG
 Net point at 0, Vnet  ½
d
3

3 3Gm
Vnet  ½
d

Work done to dissociate = potential Genergy ½

w.d. = m (Vas – V) ½

3Gm 2
w.d. = –mV =  ½
d
3

10 XI-PHYSICS-E
 20
120 0 rps
26.  
1  20Hz ½
60

312 0 rps
 2  52Hz
60

t = 16s, w = 2

2 = 1 + t ½

2  52
  2  20
 16

104  40
  64
    4 rad / s 2 ½
16 16

Number of revolution completed in 16 seconds is


n ½
2

1 1
  w1t  t 2   40 16
  4 (16) 2 ½
2 2

  1152 rad

1152
 n  576 ½
2

11 XI-PHYSICS-E
27. Law of equipartition of energy (In any dynamic system in thermal equilibrium, the

energy is equally distributed amongst its various degree of freedom and energy

1
associated with each degree of freedom per molecule is k BT , where KB is Boltzmaan
2

constant, and T is the temperature). 1

For monoatomic gas – Total internal energy of one mole of monoatomic gas is

3
U RT .
2

Molar specific heat at constant volume,

dU 3
CV   R
dT 2

3 5
CP  CV  R CP CV  R  R R R
2 2

CP (5 / 2)R 5
r    1.67 1
CV 3/ 2(R) 3

For diatomic gas

5
U RT
2

dU 5
CV   R
dT 2

5 7
CP  CV  R R 
R R
2 2

7
CP R 7
v  2   14 1
CV 5 R 5
2
12 XI-PHYSICS-E
28. (a) Stefan’s Boltsmann law : 1

The total heat energy emitted by a perfectly black body per second per unit area is

directly proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature of its surface.

E T 5 or E  T4

where  is Stefon Boltsmann constant.

(b) T0  27 C or T0  27 273

 300K ½

T1  527 273 800K

T2  127 273 400K

From Stefon’s law; the net rates of loss of heat by A and B; ½

EA    T14 T04 

EB    T24 T04  ½

E A T14  T04
  23 ½
E B T24  T04

29. Case Study

(i) (c) a javelin thrown by an athlete 1

(ii) (d) 2.9s 1

(iii) (b) zero 1

13 XI-PHYSICS-E
 (iv) (b) HB = 3HA 1

OR

(iv) (d) 40 m 1

30. Case study

(i) (c) Its length is made four times 1

(ii) (b) decrease 1

(iii) (c) 2 sec 1

(iv) (c) Dependent on the mass, size and material of the bob 1

OR

(iv) (a) gain by 864 s 1

31. (A) (a) Expression for minimum velocity of projection of a body for looping loop. 3

(b) Difference in tension between top and bottom. 2

(a) Expression for run velocity.

Velocity at any point. According to law of conservation of energy

(KE  PE) L  (KE PE)P

1 1
mVL2  0 mv2 mgh ½
2 2

14 XI-PHYSICS-E
v v 2L 2gh ...(1)

Tension along string at any point P

mv 2
T  mg cos  ½
r

mv 2
T  mg cos 
r

r h 2
cos   , v v2L 2gh
r

m 2
T
r
 vL gr 3gh  ...(2) ½

At lowest point L, h = 0

m 2
TL 
r
 vL gr  ...(3) ½

15 XI-PHYSICS-E
 At highest point, h = 2r

m 2
TH 
r
 vL 5gr  ...(4) ½

Minimum velocity of projection at the lowest point for looping the loop

m 2
If TH  0 or
r
 VL 5gr 0 ½

vL  5gr

Minimum velocity v L  5gr 1

(b) Difference in tension :

m 2
TL  TH    (u  gr)
 (u2 5gr) ½
r

TL  TH  6mg ½

OR

(B) (a) Conservation of linear momentum

Total linear momentum for an isolated system remains constant. 1

(b) Expression for conservation of linear momentum from Newton’s 3rd law. 3

(c) Recoiling of a gun 1

16 XI-PHYSICS-E
 Momentum before firing = momentum after firing

O = mV + MV

m
V  v
M

32. (A) (a) Pascal’s law :

The pressure excited at any point on an enclosed liquid is transmitted

equally in all direction. 1

Consider a small triangular element in the interior of a fluid at rest.

Fa, Fb and Fc are forces exerted by fluid.

17 XI-PHYSICS-E
In equilibrium

Fb sin   Fc

Fb cos   Fa

  

If A a A b and A c

are area vector on the forces as shown then,

A b sin   A c

A b cos   A a

Fb sin  F
 c
A b sin  Ac

Fb cos  F
and  a
A b cos  Aa

Fa F F
 b c
Aa Ab Ac

i.e. Pa = Pb = Pc

Hence, pressure exerted is same in all directions in a fluid at rest. ½

18 XI-PHYSICS-E
 (b) F  mg 1350 9.8 13230N

F F F
  F  a ½
a A A

F F r 2
  r 2 ½
 R 2
R2

13230  (5 10 2 ) 2

 2 2
 1.47 103 N 1
(15 10 )

OR

(B) (a) Capillarity – The phenomenon at rise as fall of a liquid in a capacillary tube

in comparison to the surroundings. 1

(b) Expression for rise of liquid in capillary tube. 3

1
Showing h 1
radius of tube

33. (A) (a) Organ pipe and sound produce in it. It is the simplest musical instrument in

which sound is produced by setting an our column into vibrations. 1

Various mode of vibrations

Y1 Y2
x=0____________x = L
Open organ pipe

Y1 = A sin (wt – kx)

YL = A sin (wt + kx)

19 XI-PHYSICS-E
 Y = Y1 + Y2 = A [sin wt – kx) + sin (wt + kx)]

Y = 2As in t cos kx = (2A cos k) sin wt

where A' = (2A cos kx) Amplitude of resultant wave.

Boundary condition:

(i) Y  max for all time t at x = 0

(ii) Y  max for all t at x = L

This condition satisfied if

cos kL = ± 1  cos kL = n

n = 1, 2, 3 .....

2 2L
k   ½
 n
n
n

The frequency of vibration

v n rP
  ½
 n 2L 

1 rP
For n = 1, v1   v ½
2L 

20 XI-PHYSICS-E
 This is the smallest frequency or fundamental frequency or first harmonic

2 rP
For n = 2,  2   2 ½
2L 

1st overtone or 2nd harmonic

3 rP
For n = 3, v3   3v ½
2L 

3rd harmonic, 2nd overtone

4 rP
For n  4,  4   4
2L 

4th harmonic, 3rd overtone

   1 : 2 : 3 : 4 1: 2 : 3: 4 ½

(b) L = 20 cm,  = 430 Hz

= 0.2 m,  = 340 m/s

For closed organ pipe, the frequency of vibration is given by

v (2n  1)v
 n  ½
 n 4L

21 XI-PHYSICS-E
Fundamental frequency of closed organ pipe

v 340 340
     425Hz ½
4  0.2
1
4L 0.8

 3  3 1  3 
425 1275Hz

For open organ pipe

 340
    850Hz ½
2  0.2
1
2L

The fundamental frequency of closed

Organ pipe is 425 Hz

So it may be reasonably excited by a source of  = 430 Hz (n=1)

But for open organ pipe, 1 = 850 Hz

Hence same source ( = 430 Hz) will not be in resonance with open organ

pipe. ½

OR

22 XI-PHYSICS-E
(B) (a) Particle velocity – It is the velocity with which the particles of the medium

vibrate about their mean position.

dy
v , Y Asin( t kx)
dt

d
v  Asin( t kx)
dt

v   A cos(
  t kx)

  
or v   Asin   ( t kx)  1
 2

Particle acceleration

dv d
a   A cos(
  t kx)
dt dt

  w 2 A sin( t kx)

a   w 2Y

or a  w 2 Asin ( t 
kx)  1


Particle velocity is ahead of displacement in phase by ½
2

Particle acceleration is lagging in phase of the particle displacement by . ½

23 XI-PHYSICS-E
   
(b) Y  10 6 sin  100t 20x  1
 4 


Speed of save v 
k

Here = 100,

k = 20



4

10 0
v  5 m/s 1
20

24 XI-PHYSICS-E