Growth Development
and Theory Of
Creativity:
Viktor Lowenfeld
Siti Nazia azwani binti Mahmud (2015727929)
Art educator
Viktor Artist
Lowenfeld Psychologist
Author
Born in Linz, Professor
Austria in 1903. Famous for children
development and
Elementary school at growth in term of art
Vienna. and creativity.
Attending University in
Vienna for Art History and
Psychology.
Died at
Vienna Academy of Fine
Pennsylvania,
art. Lowenfeld studied
United Stated in
under Edward Steinberg
1960
which required his
students to work with
ceramic sculptures while Books:
blindfolded. Because of The Nature of Creativity(1939)
this, Lowenfeld suggest Creative and Mental Growth (1947)
Institute for the Blind to Your Child and His Art (1954)
used the same method to The Lowenfeld Lectures ( 19827)
blind people.
Understanding Growth
1 7
Emotional Creative
Growth growth
2 Art as a Means of 6
Intellectual Aesthetic
Understanding
Growth growth
Growth
5
3 Social
Physical growth
Growth
4
Perceptual
growth
Emotional Growth
Drawing provide the opportunity for emotional growth.
Drawing accomplished is in direct relation to the intensity which creator
identifies with his work.
This called self-identification whereas the creator portray things that are
meaningful to him.
Intellectual Growth
Usually seen in the child’s growing awareness of himself
and his environment.
Drawing shows children intellectual level.
Drawing sometimes used as an indication of the mental
ability of children, particularly when verbal means of
communication are not adequate.
Physical Growth
Physical growth can be
seen in his ability for
visual and motor
coordination whereas
he started to controls
his body, guides his
line and perform skills.
These children have
desires to refined and
develop their motor
skills.
Perceptual Growth
The cultivation and growth of senses is an important part of the art
experience.
In creative activity, the increasing of perceptual growth can be seen in
child’s awareness and use of a variety of perceptual experiences.
Visual observation is the most emphasized in an art experience.
Social Growth
The social growth of youngsters can readily be seen
in their creative endeavors.
Drawing and painting reflect the degree of
identification the child has with his experiences.
Aesthetic Growth
Aesthetic growth is often
considered the basic
ingredient of any art
experience.
Aesthetic can be defined
as the mean of organizing,
thinking, feeling and
perceiving into an
expression that
communicates their
thought and feelings to
someone else.
Creative growth
Creative growth starts as soon as the child begins to
make marks.
Drawing and paintings shows children creative
growth in terms of independent and imaginative
approach to the work of art.
Art as a Reflection of Development
The children always talk to adult within his visual
language as their communication.
Art is important for children’s thinking process,
perceptual development, emotional
development, increasing his social awareness
and creative development and surely refined
their sense skills.
Lowenfeld Stages of
Artistic Development
SCRIBBLE STAGE (2-4 YEARS)
The
development
The Naming of
Disordered Scribbling of Scribbling Scribbling
Controlled Scribbling
Longitudinal Circular
Disorder Scribbling
Disorder
Scribbling is
uncontrolled
markings created
by lack of motor
control.
This scribbles
look “random”.
Controlled Scribbling
Controlled scribbling was divided into two which is longitudinal and circular.
Longitudinal is controlled Circular is explores controlled
repetitions of motion that motion. These scribble appears to
demonstrated the awareness of circle and ovals. Usually in repetitive
kinesthetic movement. and conjunctive manners.
The Naming of Scribbling
Develop from kinesthetic thinking into imaginative
thinking, transferred motion into a story.
THE PRESCHEMATIC STAGE (4-7 years)
Conscious creation of form.
Lack of understanding
about space, colors,
creatures and logic.
THE SCHEMATIC STAGE (7-9 Years)
Awareness in the concept of
space, colors and creatures.
The children started to
differentiate things.
THE DAWNING REALISM (9-12 Years)
Self awareness and self criticism become highly
apparent and influential.
Strive for greater attention to detailing. They try to copy
what they had seen.
THE PSEUDO-NATURALISTIC STAGE
(12-14 Years)
The practices of copying increasingly
children’s ability to do spontaneous
drawing. Sign of shading and motion are
observed. Proportion, perspective and used
of space are more accurate.
This stage investigates the child in by their
psychological differences in visual and non-
Visual.
VISUAL
The accuracy in the
depiction of object.
NON-VISUAL
NON-VISUAL
• Expression or emotions
to shows their feelings
through differentiate
colors.
ADOLESCENCT ART (14-17 Years)
• Art at this stages is an
independence style
whereas they know how
to develop their maturity
and how to used their
experience in art.
