Work, Energy, and Power

Mark Jenno G. Denzon

Instructor
College of Engineering and Technology
Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
 What is Physics?
Precisely define the most fundamental measurable quantities in the
universe (e.g., velocity, electric field, kinetic energy). The effort to find
the most fundamental description of the universe is a quest that has
historically always been a big part of physics, as can be seen in the
comic image below.

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/one-dimensional-motion/introduction-to-physics-tutorial/a/what-is-physics
 Significance of Work, Energy, and Power
1. Daily Operations and Well-being

Work: Enables the execution of essential tasks across

industries and professions, driving productivity and
economic activity. (Source: International Labour
Organization, 2023)
Energy: Fuels biological processes and physical exertion,
powering human performance and contributing to
individual health and well-being. (Source: World Health
Organization, 2022)
Power: Determines the rate at which work is performed,
impacting efficiency, output, and resource utilization in
daily activities. (Source: American Society of Mechanical
Engineers, 2023)
Significance of Work, Energy, and Power
2. Technological Advancement and Infrastructure
Development
Work:
Powers machinery and equipment, from manufacturing robots to
transportation systems, advancing technological capabilities and
propelling economic growth. (Source: United Nations Industrial
Development Organization, 2023)
Energy:
Provides the fuel for electricity generation, heating/cooling systems, and
communication networks, forming the backbone of modern infrastructure
and enabling societal progress. (Source: International Energy Agency,
2023)
Power:
Determines the efficiency of industrial processes and energy systems,
impacting sustainability, resource consumption, and environmental
footprint. (Source: International Renewable Energy Agency, 2023)
 Significance of Work, Energy, and Power
3. Environmental Sustainability and Resource Management
Work:
Understanding work principles optimizes agricultural practices and
construction methods, promoting sustainable resource utilization
and minimizing environmental impact. (Source: United Nations
Environment Programme, 2023)
Energy:
Transitioning to renewable energy sources requires knowledge of
energy transfer and transformation to design efficient and
sustainable solutions. (Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change, 2022)
Power:
Increasing energy efficiency through technological advancements
like smart grids and advanced materials optimizes energy usage and
reduces environmental stress. (Source: World Business Council for
Sustainable Development, 2023)
 Significance of Work, Energy, and Power
4. Scientific Understanding and Exploration
Work:
Forms the foundation of mechanics, thermodynamics, and other
scientific disciplines, allowing us to predict and explain physical
phenomena across scales. (Source: National Academy of Sciences,
2023)
Energy:
Is a unifying principle in all branches of science, from astrophysics to
biology, providing a framework for understanding the universe and
its interactions. (Source: American Physical Society, 2023)
Power:
Provides a quantitative measure of energy transfer and
transformation, aiding in the analysis of dynamic systems and
informing discoveries in various scientific fields. (Source: European
Physical Society, 2023)
 Significance of Work, Energy, and Power
5. Future Innovation and Development
Work:
Understanding work principles is crucial for developing advanced robotics,
prosthetics, and other revolutionary technologies, shaping the future of
human interaction and productivity. (Source: World Economic Forum, 2023)
Energy:
Exploring new energy sources like nuclear fusion and harnessing advances in
energy storage will underpin sustainable development and enable future
societal advancements. (Source: International Atomic Energy Agency, 2023)
Power:
Optimizing energy harvesting and utilization through nanotechnology and
other emerging fields will revolutionize resource management and power
the next generation of technological breakthroughs. (Source: National
Nanotechnology Initiative, 2023)
 Work
Work is energy transferred by a force acting through a distance. Work
is a scalar quantity so it has no direction associated with it.
Work is done only if a force acts over some distance, so

Work = Force x distance (W=Fd)

Unit: W = Joule
F= Newton
d= meter

BUT the component of the force used must be parallel to the

displacement of the object. The units for work are N • m = J (joule).
 Work
If the net force, F, makes an angle θ,
with the displacement vector, d, the work done W
by F is:
W = Fdcosθ
 Understanding the Sign of Work
• Positive work when force and displacement
are in the same direction.

• Negative work when they oppose each other

(braking a car).

• Zero work when force is perpendicular to

displacement or no displacement occurs.
 Energy
Energy is the capacity to do work or transfer
heat. It exists in various forms and fuels all
physical processes. Unit: Joule
 Different Forms of Energy
Kinetic energy: The energy that objects possess
due to their motion.
 Kinetic energy
•
 Different Forms of Energy
Potential Energy: Stored energy due to position
or configuration.
 Potential Energy
•
 Different Forms of Energy
Thermal energy: Energy associated with the movement
of particles in matter, such as molecules in a gas or liquid.
The faster the particles move, the higher the
temperature and thermal energy.
 Thermal energy

Formula:

https://www.thesciencehive.co.uk/change-of-state-gcse
Different Forms of Energy

https://sciencenotes.org/electrical-energy-examples/
 Electrical Energy

https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/electrical-energy-calculation.html
 Different Forms of Energy
Elastic Energy: Energy stored in an object when
it stretched or compressed.

https://pixels.com/featured/elastic-potential-energy-in-a-spring-science-photo-library.html
 Elastic Energy

https://ncalculators.com/mechanical/elastic-potential-energy-calculator.htm
 Power
Power is the rate at which energy is transferred
or the rate at which work is done.

https://whatmaster.com/power-in-physics/
 power
Formula:

https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/power-of-a-device-physics-gcse-11944084