The document discusses the structure and function of plants, explaining how they are classified based on their reproductive methods—either producing seeds or spores. It details the various parts of plants, such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and their respective functions in growth and reproduction. Additionally, it includes activities for students to explore plant anatomy and reproduction through hands-on learning experiences.
The document discusses the structure and function of plants, explaining how they are classified based on their reproductive methods—either producing seeds or spores. It details the various parts of plants, such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and their respective functions in growth and reproduction. Additionally, it includes activities for students to explore plant anatomy and reproduction through hands-on learning experiences.
The document discusses the structure and function of plants, explaining how they are classified based on their reproductive methods—either producing seeds or spores. It details the various parts of plants, such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and their respective functions in growth and reproduction. Additionally, it includes activities for students to explore plant anatomy and reproduction through hands-on learning experiences.
The document discusses the structure and function of plants, explaining how they are classified based on their reproductive methods—either producing seeds or spores. It details the various parts of plants, such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and their respective functions in growth and reproduction. Additionally, it includes activities for students to explore plant anatomy and reproduction through hands-on learning experiences.
1: plant Structure and Function 4th Grade Science Grouping Plants Plants come in many sizes and shapes and grow in many different places. All plants are alike in one way.
● All plants use water, carbon dioxide, and energy from
sunlight to make sugar. ● The plants use the energy in sugar to grow.
It’s easier to learn about the many different types of
plants by grouping them in similar ways. Scientists classify, or group, plants by how they reproduce. How do plants reproduce 1. Some plants make seeds 2. Some plants do not make seeds. Plants that make seeds Plants that make seeds can be sorted into two groups:
1. Plants with flowers (angiosperms like flowering plants)
a. The largest group of seed bearing plants 2. Plants without flowers (gymnosperms like conifers) a. Do not have flowers b. Often have cones and needlelike leaves Plants that do not make seeds Ferns and mosses are two kinds of plants that grow into new plants. Each tiny cell is called a spore. Mosses Mosses are small plants that do not have stems and roots that carry water to other parts of the plant. Mosses grow close to the ground in shady, moist places.
Mosses do have parts that are leaflike, but they do not have flowers or make seeds. Mosses produce spores in cases at the tips of each short stalk. Each spore case holds hundreds of spores. Ferns Unlike mosses, ferns are large plants that have roots, stems, and leaves. At one time, giant ferns covered much of the earth-- even before the dinosaurs lived. Today, ferns grow in many places that are moist.
Like mosses, ferns do not have flowers or
make seeds. Ferns produce spores.
Unlike mosses, ferns produce spore cases
on the undersides of their leaves.
HW: Bring in a flower
Exploration 1: Plant Dissection, pg 234 You can tell from a quick glance at a plant that it has different parts. Most plants have certain parts in common that perform the same functions. Functions of plant Parts Root: The part of the plant that grows down into the soil and absorbs water
Leaf: Captures Sunlight (through
photosynthesis) Watch this video- it’s amazing!
Stem: Grows away from the ground and
helps keep plant upright
Flower: attracts insects
Part by Part (pg 235) Different parts of plants serve different purposes. These plant parts help different plants survive. Let’s explore some of these special plant parts and what they do!
1. Thorns (protect)
Kind of like this invention
that was seen on Shark Tank! Flowers Attract Insects (who transport pollen to make new plants)
-Kind of like the dress of the plant; it’s pleasing
to the eye and makes you want to be around it more! Cones Involved in reproduction of conifers (carry spores) Bark The tree’s covering; protects it like a winter coat or coat of armor. Spines In cacti, in place of leaves; this reduces water loss in the desert and serves as protection. Spores Ferns and Mosses produces spores. When spores are released in air and find somewhere moist to land, they will produce a new plant. Roots and stems Roots hold the plant in place. They also bring water in from the ground. The root is like a straw that sucks up the water into the stem. It absorbs water and nutrients. The stem also supports the plant by holding it upright. Similar but Different When you look at most plants, you see that they pretty much have the same parts, but these parts do not look the same in all plants. They differ in shape, size, and color. Some plants are missing things like thorns.
Complete the activity on 236-237 on the differences and
similarities of some plants.
Then complete page 238 on an opinion essay on which plant
parts are the most important. We will close by discussing what you chose. NON BOOK ACTIVITY! What are the parts of a flower? FLOWER DISSECTION ACTIVITY: You should have brought a flower from home. Let’s take a look at it.
Flower part 1: The Sepal
Green part of the flower bud. Covers and protects the
flower growing inside. As a flower opens the sepal apart, a bud opens into a beautiful flower. The Petals The Petals are the colorful parts of the flower. They attract bees, butterflies, birds, and other living things. Pistil The five small, knoblike structures in the center of the ring of petals make up the pistil. The Pistil is the part of the flower that makes eggs. The eggs grow into seeds when they are combined with the sperm in pollen. Stamen The cluster of stamens that surround the pistil make tiny grains of pollen at their tips. A flower needs sperm in pollen to combine with the flower’s egg to make seeds. Diagram of a flower Stamen are the male part of the flower. On top of the stamen are knoblike structures called anthers that are covered with grains of pollen containing sperm cells.
The pistil is the female
part of the flower. Ovules, or egg cells, in the ovary of the pistil will grow into seeds when they join with the sperm in pollen. Soooo... How do flowers make seeds? Pollination: The Movement of pollen from the tips of the stamens to the sticky tips of the pistils Pollination -----> FERTILIZATION 1. Pollen moves to sticky tip of pistil. 2. Each pollen grain grows a thin tube from the tip of the pistil to its ovary (thick bottom). 3. Ovules grow inside the ovary and each ovule contains an egg. 4. Sperm from the pollen grain moves through the pollen tube to the ovary. 5. The sperm and egg combine which makes a seed.
Activity: Create a map of the pathway of plant reproduction
Fertilization: The Making of a Seed Seeds and Fruits When you think of seeds, you probably think of seeds that you plant, yet many of the foods you eat are seeds!
If you were to open up a seed, you would see an embryo.
This is the part that can grow into a new plant. THE MAGIC OVARY The ovary that surrounds the seed(s) grows larger and forms the fruit. The fruit covers and protects the seeds. A Seedling is born When the stored food in the seed leaves is used up, they dry up and drop off. More leaves grow from buds on the stem as the plant grows taller. The new leaves can trap energy from sunlight and make sugar. Plants use the sugar energy to grow. Exploration 2: What’s Inside? Page 239 Today we will make pretty coffee filter flowers by observing how water and minerals travel up the stem. Ok let’s do that first…
------------------------- Great.. Now while we wait for our flowers to “bloom”, let’s complete this exploration independently in our books.
Early finishers can work to build a
model of water flow in plants (question #12) Exploration 3: Can Plants Move? In nature, plants live in environments where conditions change constantly. The sun is not visible all day. The temperature changes drastically. A herd of animals may rumble through the environment. Whatever the conditions, plants have to absorb sunlight, make food, grow, and survive.
Complete the “How Do You Grow?” activity and then choose one of the ways a plant responds to its environment and draw a comic strip with at least three panels showing one of the plant behaviors you have learned about. Write captions for each panel (page 248) Discover More Please read the discover more section on your own. Then, engineer a device that hands plants upside down. Work with a team to build a device and keep the criteria and constraints provided on page 250 in mind. Plan, build, test, and evaluate. Performance test and lesson check
