FOURTH QUARTERLY EXAMINATION

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

GENERAL INSTRUCTION: This test questionnaire contains 40 multiple choice test questions. You shall
manage the one hour time allotment. Shade only one (1) circle for each question on your answer sheet. Use
ballpen in shading. Two or more circles shaded will invalidate your answer. AVOID ERASURES. Erasures
and Alterations are considered wrong. Detach your answer sheet from the test questionnaire. Use extra
sheets for your computation.

1. Which of the following statements illustrates an alternative hypothesis?

①It is what we want to test
② It is the starting point of the investigation.
③It is a statement that there is no difference between a parameter and a specific value.
④It is a statement that there is a difference between a parameter and a specific value.
2. Which of the following is NOT a type I error in deciding about the null hypothesis?
① Bryan thinks that he is a six-footer. His actual height is 156cm.
② Mark insists that she is 30 years old when in fact he is 32 years old.
③ Carl says that he is not bald. His hairline is just receding.
④ Thousands of years ago, Ptolemy declared that the earth is flat.
3. It is the probability of a correct decision when the null hypothesis is true?
①α ②β ③ 1-α ④ 1-β
For numbers 4-6: The owner of a factory that sells a particular bottled fruit juice claims that the average
capacity of their product is 225 ml. To test the claim, a consumer group gets a sample of 100 such bottles,
calculates the capacity of each bottle and then finds the mean capacity to be 224 ml. The standard deviation is
5 ml. Is the claim true?
4. What is the parameter to be tested?
① 5ml ② 100 bottles ③ 224ml ④ 225ml
5. What is the null hypothesis?
①H0: µ=225ml ②H0: µ=224ml ③H0: µ=100ml ④H0: µ=5ml
6. What is the alternative hypothesis?
① H1: µ≠225ml ②H1: µ≠224ml ③H1: µ<225 ④H1: µ>225
For numbers 7-8: A researcher developed problem solving test to randomly select 48 Grade 11 students. In
this sample, the mean is 78 and standard deviation is 10. The mean µ and the standard deviation of the
population used in the standardization of the test were 75 and 12 respectively. Use 95% confidence level and
two-tailed.
7. What are the critical values or confidence coefficients?
① ±2.58 ② ±1.960 ③ ±1.645 ④ ±1.225
8. What is the appropriate test statistic to use in solving the problem?
① p-value ② computed test statistic ③ t-test ④ z test
9. What is the significance level?
① 0.95 ② 0.425 ③ 0.05 ④ 0.025
For numbers 10-12: Drinking water has become an important concern among people. The quality of drinking
water must be monitored as often as possible during the day for possible contamination. Another variable of
concern is the pH level which measures the alkalinity or the acidity of the water. A pH below 7.0 is acidic while
a pH above 7.0 is alkaline. A pH of 7.0 is neutral. A water treatment plant has a target pH of 8.0. Based on 18
random water samples, the mean and the standard deviation were found to be 7.8 and 0.5 respectively. Use
α=0.05, two-tailed test.
10. What is the value of the computed t-statistic?
① t= -4.0 ② t= -1.70 ③ t= -1.60 ④ t= 4.0
11. Based on the decision rule, what is the interpretation of the result?
① The sample evidence warrants the rejection of the null hypothesis.
② The sample does not belong to the population mean.
③ There is no significant difference between the means.
④ There is significant difference between the means.
12. What are the critical values?
① ±2.131 ② ±2.110 ③ ±2.120 ④ ±2.145
For numbers 13-15: Mark administered a mathematics achievement test to a random sample of 60 graduating
pupils. In this sample, the mean is 89 and standard deviation is 8. The population parameters are µ=82 and
σ=14. Use α=0.05, two-tailed and the p-value method.
13. What is the null hypothesis?
① H0: µ=82 ②H0: µ≠82 ③H0: µ=89 ④H0: µ≠89
14. What is the value of the computed z-statistic?
① 3.30 ② 3.87 ③ 4.00 ④ 4.10
15. What is the probability value (p-value)? *For values of z above 3.09, use 0.4999 for the area.
① 0.001 ② 0.002 ③ 0.0001 ④ 0.0002
For numbers 16-18: Mr. Bean asserts that fewer than 8% of the bulbs that he sells are defective. Suppose 250
bulbs are randomly selected, each is tested and 14 defective bulbs are found. Does this provide sufficient
evidence for Mr. Bean to conclude that the fraction of defective bulbs is less than 0.05? Use α= 0.01 and the
p-value approach.
16. What is the alternative hypothesis?
①H1: p=0.01 ② p<0.01 ③ p=0.08 ④p<0.08
17. What is the computed z statistic value? *Use up to three decimal places.
①-1.37 ② -1.41 ③ -1.645 ④ -1.96
18. If the comparison between the computed probability value and α is that 0.0793>0.01, what does this
mean?
①There is sufficient evidence to reject Mr. Bean’s statement.
②Based on evidence at hand, we can reject the alternative hypothesis.
③Based on evidence at hand, we can reject the null hypothesis.
④There is no sufficient evidence to reject Mr. Bean’s statement.
19. A social worker reports that 30% of workers in a factory are below 15 years of age. Of the 120 employees
surveyed, 38 said they were below 15 years old. Use α= 0.05.. What test statistic is most appropriate to use in
solving this problem.
①z test ② t test ③ p-value ④ proportion value
20. A politician claims that she will receive 60% of the votes in the upcoming election. Of a random sample of
200 voters, there were 100 who will surely vote for her. Test the politician’s assertion at the 0.05 level of
significance. What is the value of the computed z-statistic?
①-1.96 ② -2.35 ③ -2.89 ④ -2.96
For number 21-25, please refer to the situation inside the box below.
A researcher reports that the average salary of assistant professors is more than ₱42,000. A sample of 30 assistant professors has a
mean salary of ₱43,260. At α = 0.05, test the claim that assistant professors earn more than ₱42,000 per month. The standard
deviation of the population is ₱5230.

21. What is the correct hypotheses in this problem?

①H0 : μ = ₱42,000 , H1 : μ < ₱42,000 ②H0 : μ ≤ ₱42,000 , H1 : μ > ₱42,000
③H0 : μ = ₱42,000 , H1 : μ ≠ ₱42,000 ④H0 : μ ≥ ₱42,000 , H1 : μ < ₱42,000
22. What is the critical value of the problem?
①z = ±1.65 ② z = 1.62 ③ z = 1.32 ④ z = ± 1.32
23. What is the computed test value of the problem?
①z = ±1.65 ② z = 1.62 ③ z = 1.32 ④ z = ± 1.32
24. Which statements is correct that best describe the problem?
①Since the test value is less than the critical value and is not in the critical region, the decision is not to
reject the null hypothesis.
②Since the test value is less than the critical value and is in the critical region, the decision is not to reject
the null hypothesis.
③Since the test value is greater than the critical value and is in the critical region, the decision is not to
accept the null hypothesis.
④Since the test value is greater than the critical value and is not in the critical region, the decision is not
to reject the null hypothesis.
25. What conclusion can be derived based from the test statistic of the problem?
①There is enough statistical evidence to support the claim that the assistant professors earn less on the
average that ₱42,000 per month.
②There is not enough statistical evidence to support the claim that the assistant professors earn less on
the average that ₱42,000 per month.
③There is enough statistical evidence to support the claim that the assistant professors earn more on the
average that ₱42,000 per month.
④There is not enough statistical evidence to support the claim that the assistant professors earn more on
the average that ₱42,000 per month.
For numbers 26 – 30, please refer to the problem inside the box below.
A researcher claims that the average cost of men’s athletic shoes is less than ₱800. He selects a random sample of 36 pairs of
shoes from a catalog and finds the following costs (in dollars). (The costs have been rounded to the nearest dollar.) Is there enough
evidence to support the researcher’s claim at α = 0.10?
600 700 750 550 800 550 500 400 800 700 500 950 1200 900 750
850 800 600 1100 650 800 850 850 450 750 600 900 900 600 950
1100 850 450 900 700 700

26. What hypotheses can be drawn out from the problem?

①H0 : μ ≥ ₱800, H1 : μ < ₱800 ②H0 : μ ≤ ₱800, H1 : μ > ₱800
 ③H0 : μ ≠ ₱800, H1 : μ = ₱800 ④H0 : μ = ₱800, H1 : μ ≠ ₱800
27. What is the critical value of the problem?
①z = ±1.28 ② z = -1.28 ③ z = -1.56 ④ z = ± 1.56
28. What is the computed test value of the problem?
①z = ±1.28 ② z = -1.28 ③ z = -1.56 ④ z = ± 1.56
29. Which decisions below is appropriate regarding the hypothesis in the problem?
①Since the computed test value falls beyond the critical region, the decision is not to reject the alternative
hypothesis.
②Since the computed test value falls beyond the critical region, the decision is to accept the alternative
hypothesis.
③Since the computed test value falls in the critical region, the decision is to accept the null hypothesis.
④Since the computed test value falls in the critical region, the decision is to reject the null hypothesis.
30. What conclusion can be drawn out from the decision?
①There is enough statistical evidence to support the claim.
②There is enough statistical evidence to reject the claim.
③There is not enough statistical evidence to support the claim
④There is not enough statistical evidence not to reject the claim

For the numbers 31 – 35, please refer to the problem inside the box.
A medical investigation claims that the average number of infections per week at the Interplanetary Galactic Hospital is 16.3. A
random sample of 10 weeks had a mean number of 17.7 infections. The sample standard deviation is 1.8. Is there enough evidence
to reject the investigator’s claim at α = 0.05?

31. Which of the hypotheses is the claim of the medical investigator?

①μ ≥ 16.3 ② μ ≤ 16.3 ③ μ ≠ 16.3 ④ μ = 16.3
32. What is the critical value of the problem?
①±1.812 ② 2.228 ③ ±2.262 ④ -1.833
33. What is the computed test value of the problem?
①-2.46 ② 2.46 ③ 0.19 ④ -0.19
34. What decision must be drawn out from the problem?
①Accept the alternative hypothesis since the computed test value is greater than the positive value of the
critical value
②Accept the alternative hypothesis since the computed test value is less than the positive value of the
critical value
③Accept the alternative hypothesis since the computed test value is lies on the left side of the critical
value
④Accept the alternative hypothesis since the computed test value is lies on the right side of the critical
value less than 0.
35. What conclusion can be drawn out from the decision?
①The average number of infections in the Interplanetary Galactic Hospital is 16.3
②The average number of infections in the Interplanetary Galactic Hospital is not 16.3
③The average number of infections in the Interplanetary Galactic Hospital is more than 16.3
④The average number of infections in the Interplanetary Galactic Hospital is less than16.3
For the numbers 36 – 40, please refer to the problem inside the box below.
An educator claims that the average salary of substitute teachers in public schools is less than ₱600 per day. A random sample of
eight school districts is selected, and the daily salaries (in dollars) are shown. Is there enough evidence to support the educator’s
claim at α = 0.10?
600 560 600 550 700 550 600 550

36. What is the claim of the educator?

①μ < ₱600 ② μ > ₱600 ③ μ ≠ ₱600 ④ μ = ₱600
37. What is the critical value of the problem?
①-1.415 ② -1.89.5 ③ 1.397 ④ 1.860
38. What is the computed test value of the problem?
①-0.711 ② -0.316 ③-1.764 ④ -0.624

39. What is the correct illustration of the computed test value and the critical region?
① ②
 ③ ④

40. What conclusion can be drawn out from the decision?

①The average salary of the substitute teacher in the public schools is ₱600
②T The average salary of the substitute teacher in the public schools is not ₱600
③The average salary of the substitute teacher in the public schools is more than ₱600.
④The average salary of the substitute teacher in the public schools is less than ₱600.