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CE Drawing and Archt

The document outlines a course on Civil Engineering Drawing and Architecture, emphasizing the importance of visualizing and representing complex structures through technical drawings. It covers various topics including types of drawings, drawing equipment, and techniques for creating accurate representations of engineering concepts. Additionally, it highlights the significance of neat lettering and standardized symbols for effective communication in engineering.

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rirar37
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21 views48 pages

CE Drawing and Archt

The document outlines a course on Civil Engineering Drawing and Architecture, emphasizing the importance of visualizing and representing complex structures through technical drawings. It covers various topics including types of drawings, drawing equipment, and techniques for creating accurate representations of engineering concepts. Additionally, it highlights the significance of neat lettering and standardized symbols for effective communication in engineering.

Uploaded by

rirar37
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CE 1112

CIVIL ENGINEERING
DRAWING AND
ARCHITECTURE

Google Classroom code:


Md. Ismail Hossain
z35zjzj Lecturer
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
BUBT, DHAKA

Acknowledgement
Mohammad Ali
Lecturer, BUBT
WHY?
Because:
•Visualize and represent complex structures on paper,
translating 3D ideas into 2D views.

• Communicate effectively with architects, contractors,


and other engineers using standardized symbols and
conventions.

•Create accurate plans that guide the construction


process, ensuring precision in measurements, proportions,
and details.

•Solve problems and design creative, practical solutions


for infrastructure challenges, from foundations to final
structures.
Course Outline:
◻ Introduction to Civil Engineering Drawing
◻ Plane Geometry – Pentagon, Hexagon, Octagon,
Ellipse, Parabola, Hyperbola
◻ Interpretation of Solids
◻ Section and True Shape – Cube, Pyramid, Cone, Prism

◻ Projection (Solid Geometry)


◻ Isometric Drawing
◻ Oblique Drawing
◻ Plan, Elevation and Section of One Storied Buildings
Drawing

❑ Describing any object/ information diagrammatically

❑ A Graphical representation of an idea, a concept or


an entity which actually or potentially exists in life.

❑ The oldest forms of communication, dating back


even further than verbal communication.
Types of Drawings

❑ Artistic Drawings

❑ Technical/Engineering Drawings
Artistic Drawing
◻ Used to express the feelings, beliefs, philosophies or
abstract ideas of the artist.
◻ Sometimes difficult to understand what is being
communicated by a work of art.
Engineering Drawing
◻ Clearly and concisely communicating all of the
information necessary to transform an idea or a concept to
reality.
◻ Engineering drawing of an object should contain all
information like actual shape, accurate size etc.
Engineering Drawing

◻ Universal language for engineers


◻ Drawing is important for all branches of
engineering.
◻ An engineering drawing is worth a
thousand words.
◻ Drawings are the road maps which show
how to build/manufacture structures
and products.
Engineering Drawing

Manual Drawing CAD

Computer has a major impact for the creation of


technical drawings.
Design and drafting on computer are cheap and less time
consuming.
Why we go for manual drawing?
Why we go for manual drawing?

Computer cannot replace the drafting board


and equipment as a learning tool.
Once you have learned the basics of
mathematics, you are allowed the use of
calculator and computer.
If basic fundamentals are clear, better use
can be made by the power of the software.
To be an expert in technical drawing, this first
course on Engineering (manual) Drawing is the
first step.
Drawing Equipments

▪ Drawing Board-(36in×24in)
▪ Drawing Paper-(28in×22in)
▪ T-square
▪ 45º triangle
▪ 30º-60º triangle
▪ Bow compass
▪ Divider
▪ Pencils (HB and 2H)
▪ Eraser
▪ Scotch Tape
Drawing Board
Drawing Paper
Standard sizes of drawing sheets as per ISO

Use A2 and A3 sizes drawing sheets.


T-square

Head All working edges should be straight

90º

90º
BLADE
(TRANSPARENT)
45º triangle
All working edges
should be smooth
90º

45º 45º
30º-60º triangle

90º

60º 30º
Bow compass And Divider
Pencils

RERUIRED
PENCILS

HARD MEDIUM SOFT

GRADES OF PENCIL LEAD


Eraser And Scotch Tape

DUST FREE

TRANSPARENT
Scales

◻ METRIC SCALE

◻ CIVIL ENGINEER SCALE

◻ ARCHITECT SCALE
METRIC SCALE

mm
1:1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

No. of Division = 10
Each division = 1 mm = 0.1 cm
METRIC SCALE

So, how 37 mm or 3.7 cm can be measured?

mm
1:1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
CIVIL ENGINEER SCALE

10
0 1 2 3 4

No. of Division = 10
Each division = 0.1 in
CIVIL ENGINEER SCALE

So, how 2.9 in can be measured?

10
0 1 2 3 4
ARCHITECT SCALE

16
0 1 2

No. of Division = 16
Each division = in
ARCHITECT SCALE
1 small division = in 2 small division = in

3 small division = in 4 small division = in


5 small division = in 6 small division = in
7 small division = in 8 small division = in

16
0 1 2
ARCHITECT SCALE
9 small division = in 10 small division = in

11 small division = in 12 small division = in


13 small division = in 14 small division = in
15 small division = in 16 small division = 1 in

16
0 1 2
ARCHITECT SCALE

So, how 2 in can be measured?

16
0 1 2
ARCHITECT SCALE

So, how 1 in can be measured?

16
0 1 2
Orientation of Drawing Paper

Must be equal distant


Orientation of Drawing Paper

Must be parallel
Uses of T-Scale

No Gap

Must be parallel
Uses of T-Scale

Must be parallel
Drawing Horizontal Lines
Drawing Vertical Lines
Drawing Inclined Lines

60º
45º
Drawing Inclined Lines

30º 45º

75º
75º
Preparation of Drawing Paper
Lettering

◻ Lettering is drawing, not writing.


◻ An engineering drawing should provide
dimensions and specifications to
communicate how the part is to be made.
◻ To eliminate errors, these notes must contain
words made of uniform letters that are neat
and easy to read.
Purpose of Neat Lettering

◻ Most important reason is to convey


information without misunderstanding

◻ Increase overall appearance of the


drawing
Use 2H Pencil to draw grid

2”
Vertical Capital Letters and Numerals
Guidelines

◻ All letters and numerals should write in a grid of 6


units height.

◻ The width of letters and numerals


■ Letter I, or the numeral 1, has no width
■ Letter W is 8 units wide
■ TOM Q VAXY are 6 units wide
■ All other letters and numerals are 5 units wide
■ Spacing of letters should be 2 units
Single Stroke Uppercase Letters
Guidelines for Writing Sentences

◻ Letters in words are not placed at equal


distances from each other; they are placed so
that the spaces between letters look equal.

◻ The distance between words, called word


spacing, should be equal to the height of the
letters.

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