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SVM

Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a machine learning algorithm used for classification and regression by finding the best hyperplane that separates different classes of data. It operates by plotting data points, identifying support vectors, and classifying new points based on their position relative to the hyperplane. SVM is effective for small, high-dimensional datasets but may struggle with large, mixed data and requires careful kernel selection.

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10 views3 pages

SVM

Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a machine learning algorithm used for classification and regression by finding the best hyperplane that separates different classes of data. It operates by plotting data points, identifying support vectors, and classifying new points based on their position relative to the hyperplane. SVM is effective for small, high-dimensional datasets but may struggle with large, mixed data and requires careful kernel selection.

Uploaded by

EC-223 Shivakumar
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Support Vector Machine (SVM) – Simple Explanation

SVM is a powerful machine learning algorithm used for classification and


regression. It finds the best boundary (called a hyperplane) that separates
different classes of data.

How SVM Works (Step by Step)

1. Plot the Data:

Imagine you have two types of points (e.g., red circles and blue squares)
on a graph.

2. Find the Best Line (or Plane in 3D):

SVM tries to find a line (or a plane in higher dimensions) that clearly
separates the two groups.

The goal is to keep the maximum possible distance between the closest
points of both groups.
3. Support Vectors:

The points closest to the separating line are called support vectors.

They help define the best boundary.

4. Classification:

Once the best boundary is found, SVM uses it to classify new data points.

Example (Real-Life Analogy)

Imagine a road dividing two neighborhoods (A and B). The wider the road,
the clearer the separation between the two areas.

SVM finds the widest possible road between neighborhoods.

The houses closest to the road are like support vectors.

Any new house will be classified based on which side of the road it falls
on.
Pros & Cons of SVM

✅ Works well on small datasets

✅ Good for high-dimensional data (many features)

✅ Effective when classes are well-separated

❌ Can be slow for large datasets

❌ Doesn’t work well when data is very mixed

❌ Choosing the right kernel can be tricky

Want a Simple Code Example?

Let me know, and I’ll show how to use SVM in Python!

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