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CG Exp-4

The document outlines an experiment in a Computer Graphics Lab aimed at developing programs to draw circles using two algorithms: the Circle Generator Algorithm and the Midpoint Circle Algorithm. It includes the algorithms, implementation code in C++, and expected outputs from both methods. Additionally, it highlights learning outcomes such as using the graphics.h library and understanding coordinate systems.

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Pradeep Sahu
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22 views5 pages

CG Exp-4

The document outlines an experiment in a Computer Graphics Lab aimed at developing programs to draw circles using two algorithms: the Circle Generator Algorithm and the Midpoint Circle Algorithm. It includes the algorithms, implementation code in C++, and expected outputs from both methods. Additionally, it highlights learning outcomes such as using the graphics.h library and understanding coordinate systems.

Uploaded by

Pradeep Sahu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEPARTMENT OF

COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Experiment 4
Student Name: MAX UID:
Branch: CSE Section/Group:
Semester: 6th Date of Performance:
Subject Name: Computer Graphics Lab Subject Code: 22CSH-352

1. Aim:
(a) Develop a program to draw a circle using the circle generator algorithm for a
given center and radius.
(b) Develop a program to draw a circle using the midpoint circle algorithm for a
given center and radius.

2. Objective: To develop and implement the circle generator and midpoint circle
generator algorithm to draw a circle with a given center and radius.

3. Algorithm:

a) Algorithm for Circle Generation:


• Start
• Input the center (xc, yc) and radius r.
• Loop x from -r to r and compute y as: y=yc±r2−(x−xc)2y = yc \pm \sqrt{r^2
- (x - xc)^2}y=yc±r2−(x−xc)2
• Plot the points (x, y).
• End

b) Midpoint Circle Drawing Algorithm:

• Start
• Input center (xc, yc) and radius r.
• Set x = 0, y = r, and decision parameter p = 1 - r.
• Repeat while x ≤ y:
• Plot the points using symmetry.
• If p < 0, update p = p + 2x + 1.
• Else, update p = p + 2x - 2y + 1 and decrement y.
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
• Increment x.
• End

4. Implementation/Code:
• Circle using the Circle Generator
#include <graphics.h>
#include <cmath>

void drawCircle(int xc, int yc, int r) {


for (int x = -r; x <= r; x++) {
int y = round(sqrt(r * r - x * x));
putpixel(xc + x, yc + y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + x, yc - y, WHITE);
}
}

int main() {
int gd = DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "");

setbkcolor(GREEN);
cleardevice();
int xc = 270, yc = 240, r = 100; // Center and radius
drawCircle(xc, yc, r);
outtextxy(150,380,"Circle Using Circle Generator");

getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
}
• Circle using mid-point algorithm:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <iostream>
void drawSymmetricPoints(int xc, int yc, int x, int y) {
putpixel(xc + x, yc + y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - x, yc + y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + x, yc - y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - x, yc - y, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + y, yc + x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - y, yc + x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc + y, yc - x, WHITE);
putpixel(xc - y, yc - x, WHITE);
}

void midpointCircle(int xc, int yc, int r) {


int x = 0, y = r;
int p = 1 - r;
while (x <= y) {
drawSymmetricPoints(xc, yc, x, y);
x++;
if (p < 0)
p += 2 * x + 1;
else {
y--;
p += 2 * x - 2 * y + 1;
}
}
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
}
int main() {
int gd = DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "");
setbkcolor(GREEN);
cleardevice();
int xc = 260, yc = 240, r = 100;
midpointCircle(xc, yc, r);
outtextxy(150,380,"Circle Using Mid-Point Algorithm");
delay(1000);
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

5. Output:

Fig 1: Circle Using Circle generator


DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Fig 2: Circle using Mid-Point Algorithm

6. Learning Outcome:
• Learn how to use the graphics.h library for drawing basic shapes and setting up
a graphical environment in Dev-C++.
• Gain hands-on experience with two different methods: the Circle Generator
Algorithm (direct computation) and the Midpoint Circle Algorithm.
• Understood the concept of coordinating system.
• Learn about various command that is used in drawing a circle.

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