Scribd
Upload
15 views6 pages

Lab Physics

The document outlines Lab 2 of the IT2140E Electronics course, focusing on current and voltage in circuits using Ohm's and Kirchhoff's laws. It details the theoretical calculations and experimental measurements for two exercises involving different resistor configurations. The results confirm that both Ohm's and Kirchhoff's laws are valid, with measured values closely aligning with theoretical predictions.

Uploaded by

charlie152806
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views6 pages

Lab Physics

The document outlines Lab 2 of the IT2140E Electronics course, focusing on current and voltage in circuits using Ohm's and Kirchhoff's laws. It details the theoretical calculations and experimental measurements for two exercises involving different resistor configurations. The results confirm that both Ohm's and Kirchhoff's laws are valid, with measured values closely aligning with theoretical predictions.

Uploaded by

charlie152806
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

IT2140E – ELECTRONICS FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Lab 2. CURRENT AND VOLTAGE IN A CIRCUIT


Group 3’s members:
1. Trần Quang Thắng – 20235999
2. Trần Ngọc Tân – 20235996
3. Nguyễn Trà My – 202417173
4. Tạ Nguyễn Minh Phương – 202417181
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exercise1. Investigate the current and voltage properties of a circuit in Figure 1 by
utilizing Ohm’s law, with R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = 1kΩ, R3 = 10kΩ, R4 = 1kΩ, R5 = 1kΩ,
Vs = 5V.

a) Compute the current and voltage for each resistor theoretically.


The direction of the current I1 is opposite to that of I2 and I3. Similarly, the
direction of the current of I2 is opposite to that of I3. Therefore,
𝑉 = (𝑅 + 𝑅 )𝐼 − 𝑅 𝐼 − 𝑅 𝐼
(𝑅 + 𝑅 + 𝑅 )𝐼 − 𝑅 𝐼 − 𝑅 𝐼 = 0
(𝑅 + 𝑅 + 𝑅 )𝐼 − 𝑅 𝐼 − 𝑅 𝐼 = 0

5 = 20𝑘. 𝐼 − 10𝑘. 𝐼 − 10𝑘. 𝐼 𝐼 = 2,75 (𝑚𝐴)


⇒ 12𝑘. 𝐼 − 10𝑘. 𝐼 − 1𝑘. 𝐼 = 0 ⇒ 𝐼 = 2,5 (𝑚𝐴)
12𝑘. 𝐼 − 10𝑘. 𝐼 − 1𝑘. 𝐼 = 0 𝐼 = 2,5 (𝑚𝐴)
Now we compute the current going through each resistor:
𝐼 = 𝐼 − 𝐼 = 0,25 (𝑚𝐴)
𝐼 = 𝐼 = 2,5 (𝑚𝐴)
𝐼 = 𝐼 − 𝐼 = 0,25 (𝑚𝐴)
𝐼 = 𝐼 = 2,5 (𝑚𝐴)
𝐼 = 𝐼 − 𝐼 = 0 (𝑚𝐴)

And the voltage: 𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅 (Ohm’s law)


⇒𝑉 =𝑉 =𝑉 =𝑉 = 2,5𝑉, 𝑉 = 0𝑉

b) Implement the equivalent circuit in a board. Verify the implemented circuit


carefully before setting the power supply Vs = 5V.
c) Using a multimeter to measure the current and voltage dropped across each
resistor. Measure twice and record the corresponding values. Compare the
numerical and theoretical results, then draw some main observations and
conclusions.

Current (mA) Voltage (V)


Resistor
1st time 2nd time 1st time 2nd time
R1 0,23 mA 0,23 mA 2,511 V 2,512 V

R2 2,47 mA 2,48 mA 2,510 V 2,510 V

R3 0,22 mA 0,22 mA 2,509 V 2,513 V

R4 2,49 mA 2,48 mA 2,509 V 2,507 V

R5 -0,02 mA -0,01 mA 0,004 V 0,004 V

Measurements of current:

U1 U2 U5

Measurements of voltage:

I1 I4 I5
Comment:

- There is no current running through R5 when =


- The actual results from both measurements are quite similar to the
theoretical ones, the difference can be due to externals factors.
- Through the experiment, we can conclude that Ohm’s law holds true.

Exercise2. Investigate the current and voltage properties of the circuit in Figure 2
by utilizing Kirchhoff’s laws, with R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = 1kΩ, R3 = 10kΩ, R4 = 1kΩ,
R5 = 10kΩ, R6 = 10kΩ, R7 = 1kΩ, R8 = 1kΩ and Vs = 5V.

a) Implement the equivalent circuit on a board. Verify the implemented circuit


carefully before setting the power supply Vs = 5V.
b) Investigate Kirchhoff's law on the current at the nodes A, B, C, D, E. Use a
multimeter to measure the current at all the nodes. Record the results in a table.
Kirchhoff's current law: Iin = Iout
Is = 0,82 mA

I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 I6 I7 I8
0,4mA 0,4mA 0,01mA 0,36mA 0,4mA 0,36mA 0,01mA 0,4mA

I2 I3 I6

- At node A:
𝐼 = 𝐼 = 0,82 𝑚𝐴 ≈ 𝐼 = 𝐼 + 𝐼 = 0,8 𝑚𝐴
- At node B:
𝐼 = 𝐼 = 0,4 𝑚𝐴 ≈ 𝐼 = 𝐼 + 𝐼 = 0,37 𝑚𝐴
- At node C:
𝐼 = 𝐼 + 𝐼 = 0,37 𝑚𝐴 ≈ 𝐼 = 𝐼 = 0,4 𝑚𝐴
- At node D:
𝐼 = 𝐼 = 0,82 𝑚𝐴 ≈ 𝐼 = 𝐼 + 𝐼 + 𝐼 = 0,77 𝑚𝐴
- At node E:
𝐼 = 𝐼 + 𝐼 = 0,37 𝑚𝐴 ≈ 𝐼 = 𝐼 = 0,4 𝑚𝐴
Comment: The recorded results for Iin and Iout at each node A, B, C, D and E is
approximately the same, therefore, Kirchhoff’s current law holds true.
c) Investigate Kirchhoff’s law on the voltage for the circuits V1, V2, V3, V4.
Use a multimeter to measure the voltage dropped across each resistor and
record the results in a table.
Kirchhoff’s voltage law: ∑ 𝑉 = 0 in a circuit
Vs = 5V

V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8
4,22V 0,42V 0,383V 0,3827V 4,210V 0,3833V 0,383V 0,43V

V5 V3 V6

- In circuit V1:
∑ 𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑉 − 𝑉 − 𝑉 = 5 − 4,22 − 0,42 − 0,383 = −0,023𝑉
- In circuit V2:
∑ 𝑉 = 𝑉 + 𝑉 + 𝑉 − 𝑉 = 4,210 + 0,3833 + 0,43 − 5 = 0,0233𝑉
- In circuit V3:
∑ 𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑉 = 0,3833 − 0,387 = −0,0037𝑉
- In circuit V4:
∑ 𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑉 = 0,383 − 0,3827 = 0,0003𝑉
Comment: The sum of voltage in each circuit approximates 0, therefore,
Kirchhoff’s voltage law holds true.

You might also like