Dynamic thermostatic radiator valves

DYNAMICAL®
230-231-232-233-234-237 series 01330/24 EN
replaces 01371/17 GB

Function
The DYNAMICAL® valve allows the automatic dynamic balancing
and pressure-independent adjustment of the thermal medium in the
radiators of two-pipe heating systems.
The device, in conjunction with a thermostatic, electronic or thermo-
electric control, combines different functions in a single component.
The use of dynamic thermostatic valves in combination with
thermostatic control heads makes it possible to keep the ambient
temperature automatically constant, at the set value, in the room
where they are installed, thus guaranteeing effective energy saving.

Reference documentation
Tech. broch. 01009 Thermostatic control. 200 series
Tech. broch. 01042 Thermo-electric actuator. 656 series.
Tech. broch. 01241 Thermostatic control. 199 series
Brochure 01366 Remote temperature regulation system. 215
series

Product range

VALVES:
For steel pipes:
230 series Dynamic thermostatic radiator valve, angled version sizes 3/8”**, 1/2”** and 3/4”*
231 series Dynamic thermostatic radiator valve, straight version sizes 3/8”**, 1/2”** and 3/4” *
234 series Dynamic thermostatic radiator valve, reverse-angled version sizes 3/8”, 1/2”

For copper, simple plastic and multi-layer pipes:

232 series Dynamic thermostatic radiator valve, angled version sizes 3/8”, 1/2”** radiator x 23 p.1,5 piping
233 series Dynamic thermostatic radiator valve, straight version sizes 3/8”, 1/2”** radiator x 23 p.1,5 piping
237 series Dynamic thermostatic radiator valve, reverse-angled version sizes 3/8”, 1/2” radiator x 23 p.1,5 piping

THERMOSTATIC CONTROL HEADS AND THERMO-ELECTRIC ACTUATORS:

Code Code 199000 CNT Thermostatic control head with built-in sensor with liquid-filled element adjustment scale 0–5 corresponding to 7–28 °C
Code 199100 Thermostatic control head with remote sensor liquid-filled element adjustment scale 0–5 corresponding to 7–28 °C
200 series Thermostatic control head with built-in sensor with liquid-filled element adjustment scale 0–5 corresponding to 7–28 °C
201 series Thermostatic control head with remote sensor liquid-filled element adjustment scale 0–5 corresponding to 7–28 °C
202 series Thermostatic control head with built-in sensor with temperature indicator adjustment scale 0–5 corresponding to 7–28 °C
656 series. Thermo-electric actuator
215 series Remote temperature regulation system
* 3/4” with tailpiece without sealing gasket
** available in both the standard version and the LF low flow rate version

Technical specifications of valves Technical specifications of 199/200/201/202 series

thermostatic control heads
Material
Body: brass EN 12165 CW617N, chrome-plated Adjustment scale: d–5
Obturator control stem: stainless steel Adjustment temperature range: 7–28 °C
Hydraulic seals: EPDM Frost protection cut-in: 7 °C
Control knob: ABS (PANTONE 356C) Maximum ambient temperature: 50 °C
Length of capillary pipe 201 series and code 199100: 2m
Performance Ambient temperature indicator 202 series: 16–26 °C
Medium: water, glycol solutions
Adjustment range of 199/200/201/202 series thermostatic control heads
Maximum percentage of glycol: 30 %
Maximum differential pressure with control fitted: 1.5 bar
Maximum working pressure: 10 bar 0 ❄ 1 2∙∙∙ 3∙∙∙ 4 5
Nominal ∆ p operating range: (reg. 1-4) 10–150 kPa
(reg. 5-6) 15–150 kPa 5 °C 7 °C 12 °C 16°C 20 °C 24 °C 28 °C
Nominal ∆p operating range LF version:
(reg. 1-6) 10–150 kPa
Technical specifications of 656 series thermo-electric actuators
Flow rate regulation range: 20–120 l/h
LF version flow rate regulation range: 10–80 l/h Normally closed
Thermal medium working temperature range: 5–95 °C Electric supply: 230 V (ac) or 24 V (ac)/(dc)
Factory preset: position 6 Power consumption: 3W
Protection class: IP 44 (in vertical position)
Electric supply cable: 80 cm
Dimensions G%
C C
C

2· · · 3 · · ·4 2· · · 3 · · ·4 2· · · 3 · · ·4
100 %

F
F

A
A

A
B
100 %

E
E
B E D B
D
D

Code A B C D E F Code A B C D E F Code A B C D E F

230302/312 + 200001 3/8” 3/8” 48 48 20 103 231302/312 + 200001 3/8” 3/8” 48 48 26 106 232302 + 200001 3/8” 23 p.1,5 48 48 17,5 103
230402/412 + 200001 1/2” 1/2”
230500 + 200001 3/4” 3/4”
48
48
52,5
62
23
26
103
103
231402/412 + 200001 1/2” 1/2”
231500 + 200001 3/4” 3/4”
48
48
52,5
62
29
35
106
106
232402/412 + 200001 1/2” 23 p.1,5
100 % 48 52,5 20,5 103

C
2· · · 3 · · ·4

2· · · 3 · · ·4
100 %

A
C

D
D
2· · · 3 · · ·4
F

B B
F E F E
A
B

E D
Code A B C D E F Code A 100 %B C D E F
234302 + 200001 3/8” 3/8” 48 40 46 106 237302 + 200001 3/8” 23 p.1,5 48 37 46 106
234402 + 200001 1/2” 1/2” 48 40 51 106 237402 + 200001 1/2” 23 p.1,5 48 37 51 106
Code A B C D E F
233302 + 200001 3/8” 23 p.1,5 48 48 21 106
233402/412 + 200001 1/2” 23 p.1,5 48 52,5 24 106
G% G%
100 %
Balancing of systems 100 % 140 %
C H

The hydronic circuits serving heating and cooling systems must be balanced, meaning that they must be constructed in such a way as to guarantee
100 %
the design flow rates of the thermal medium. Depending on the type of system and the appliances installed, and also on the type 130
1/2” %
of control to be
implemented, specific balancing devices Fare required.
Ø13
E
B

2· · · 3 · · ·4
100 % 0%
187

Static balancing
G

Dynamic balancing
Static-type devices are conventional devices suitable for use in Dynamic devices are modern automatic devices, mainly suitable for
constant flow rate circuits or circuits subject to limited load variations. variable flow rate systems
100 with
% thermal loads that change 0 %frequently.
With static-type devices, the circuits are difficult to balance perfectly They can balance the hydraulic system automatically, ensuring each
A
and have operating limitations
D in the case of partial closure by means terminal receives the design flow rate. Even when the regulating valves
of the regulating valves. close the circuit partially,
100the 0 % remain
% flow rates in the open circuits
Code The flow rate in theF openG circuits does not constant at the nominal value.
G% G%
A B C D E Code H
200001 30 p.1,5
201000 30 p.1,5
remain constant at the nominal value.
80
80
48
48 33 95
This behaviour is maintained even if there is
100 % of the loads; the flow rate
modulationCode A B
110
C
% remains
valueD E
G%
Ø 11 158 475002 11,5
constant at the
199000
value corresponding
30 p. 1,5 74
to
48
each partial
203502 30 p.1,5 80 48 Code A B C
load. 30 p. 1,5
203702 30 p.1,5 80 48 Ø 9,5 134 475003 10 202000 30 p. 1,5 85 48199100 74 48 33 95

G%
100 %G% G%
140
100%
%G%
100 % 140 % 100 % 100 %

100 % 130 % 100 % 100 %

100 % 130
100%
%
100 % 0% 100 % 0%

100 % 0% 100 % 0%

100 %
100 %0 % 100 % 0 %%0 %
100
100 % 110 % 100 % 100 %

Total load Partial load Total load Partial load

100 % 0 %%
100
G% G%
Operating principle Device (A) regulates the ∆p and keeps it constant across the device
(B+C), by means of an automatic action (balancing between the
The dynamic thermostatic radiator valve is designed with the purpose force generated by the differential pressure and the internal opposing
of controlling a flow rate of thermal medium in the radiators of two-
spring). If (p1-p3) increases, the internal ∆ regulator reacts to close
pipe heating systems that is:
• adjustable in accordance with the requirements of the part of the the core and maintains ∆p constant; in these conditions the flow rate
circuit controlled by the device; will remain constant.
• constant despite any variation in differential pressure conditions Device (B) regulates flow rate G by changing its bore cross section.
in the circuit. The change in bore cross section determines the hydraulic coefficient
The device, in conjunction with a thermostatic control head, combines value (Kv) of the regulator device (B),
different functions in a single component: which remains constantly at:
A. Differential pressure regulator, which automatically cancels - a manually preset value
the effect of the pressure fluctuations typical of variable flow rate - a value determined by the actuator's regulating action.
systems and prevents noisy operation.
B. Device for pre-setting flow rate, which allows direct setting
Working range
of the maximum flow rate value, thanks to the combination with
the differential pressure regulating valve.
For the device to keep the flow rate constant independently from the
C. Flow rate control depending on the ambient temperature,
circuit's differential pressure conditions, total valve ∆p (p1-p3) must
thanks to the combination with a thermostatic control head. The
be in the range from the minimum ∆p value and the maximum value
flow rate control is optimised because it is pressure-independent.
of 150 kPa.

LF (low flow) version

A B C

Qmax [l/h]

Qmax [l/h]
120 6

100 5
p1 p2 p3
80 4 80 6
Constant p 5
60 3 60

2 4
A B C 40 40
30 3
20 1 20 2
10 1
Where: 0
10 15 (*) 150 ∆p [kPa]
0
10 (*) 150 ∆p [kPa]
p1 = upstream pressure
p2 = intermediate pressure G max G(2K) G max G(2K)
(*) Recommended working range: for the best [l/h]
[l/h] [l/h] dynamic[l/h] behaviour
p3 = downstream pressure
without problems
1 20 linked
20 to the passage of the 1water
10 flow10 through the
(p1 - p3) = total valve ∆p
valve it is 2recommended
40 40 to work with ∆p < 70 2kPa.20 20
(p2 - p3) = constant ∆p 3 60 55 3 30 30
∆p min (20–80
4 80l/h): 70
10 kPa 4 40 40
∆p min (100–120
5 100* l/h):
80 15 kPa 5 60 55
6 120* 90 6 80 70

C LF version
10 kPa∆p min
< ∆p (10–80
< 150 kPa l/h): 10 kPa
* 15 kPa < ∆p < 150 kPa
10 kPa < ∆p < 150 kPa

Flow rate accuracy

+40
G [%]

B -40
20 40 60 80 100 120

G [l/h]
p3
ΔP min (20–80 l/h): 10 kPa
p2 ΔP min (100–120 l/h): 15 kPa
p1
LF Version ΔP min (10–150 l/h): 15 kPa

A
Construction details

Compact device Valve

The dynamic valve has been designed with dimensions compatible The stainless steel control stem (1) has a double EPDM O-Ring seal.
with those of traditional valves, therefore in case of requalification, no The EPDM obturator (2) is made so as to optimise the hydraulic
special adaptations are required. characteristics of the valve during the progressive action of opening
or closing in thermostatic operation.
IMPORTANT! The dynamic valve headwork cannot be installed The internal pre-setting device (3) is made of anti-seizing polymer.
in a traditional valve. The balancing membrane (4) made of EPDM with high mechanical
sensitivity combined with the spring and with the control device allows
Headwork replacement adjustment of the differential pressure.
The headwork, preassembled in a single body, contains all the There is a protective casing (5) to minimise the risk of dirt getting into
regulating components. It can be inspected for cleaning or replacement the dynamic component.
if necessary using the special headwork replacement kit (code
387201), without any need to remove the radiator valve from the pipe.

Ease of design
The presence of the internal device which is able to regulate the flow
rate and stabilise the working ∆p allows faster design and balancing
operations: no support components are required for calculations and
pre-setting is very simple.

Hydraulic characteristics With thermostatic control head and 2K proportional band

Without thermostatic control head
120

120 6
100
G2K- Flow rate (2K) [l/h]

90 6
5
Gmax- Maximum flow rate [l/h]

100 80 5
70 4
80 4
55 3

60 3 2
40

40 2 1
20

20 1
0
10 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 150
0 ∆p [kPa]
10 15 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 150
∆p [kPa]
LF version (low flow)
100
LF Version Gmax- Maximum flow rate [l/h]

Pre-setting position
6 80 6
2
1

5
3

60
6
4

Gmax (l/h) 20 40 60 80 100 120 40 4

3
Gmax (l/h) low flow 10 20 30 40 60 80 2
20
G2K (l/h) 20 40 55 70 80 90 1
0
G2K (l/h) low flow 10 20 30 40 55 70 10 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 150
∆p [kPa]

System sizing
For correct system sizing, the valves are normally selected by determining the pre-setting value based on the design flow rate on the diagram
with thermostatic control head and 2K proportional band.
Stepped adjustement, not continuos.
Example of pre-setting using angled 1/2” dynamic thermostatic valves

Let us suppose we have to balance three circuits having the following where:
characteristics:
Design power Circuit 1 Q1 = 1800 kcal/h
∆pmin minimum working ∆p of the DYNAMICAL® valve
∆pT/R head losses in the pipes / radiator. (*)
Circuit 2 Q2 = 750 kcal/h
Consequently:
Circuit 3 Q3 = 1600 kcal/h
Circuit 1 Circuit 2 Circuit 3
Design temperature difference ∆T = 20
∆pmin 10 kPa 10 kPa 10 kPa
Design flow rate ∆pT/R (*) 2,5 kPa 3 kPa 2 kPa
The design flow rate for each radiator is calculated with the equation: ∆pC 12,5 kPa 13 kPa 12 kPa

G = Q/∆T 2 - Calculation of the head losses of the connecting sections (∆pTC). (*)
Circuit 1 G1 = 90 l/h Section 0-1 Section 1-2 Section 2-3
Circuit 2 G2 = 37,5 l/h ∆pTC 4 kPa 2 kPa 1,5 kPa
Circuit 3 G3 = 80 l/h
(*) In the case in the example, for the sake of simplicity the values are assumed to be
Presetting and effective flow rate known without giving the whole calculation.
The setting positions can be easily determined based on the design flow
rates from the graph or from the table shown in the paragraph "Hydraulic 3 - Calculation of the total head losses of each circuit with respect to the
characteristics" (considering 2K adjustment for sizing). circulator. (∆pTOT).
Circ. 1 ∆pTOT 1 = ∆pTC 0-1 + ∆pC1
Circuit 1 pos. 6 G1 = 90 l/h = 4 + 12,5 = 16,5 kPa
Circuit 2 pos. 2 G2 = 40 l/h
Circ. 2 ∆pTOT 2 = ∆pTC 0-1 + ∆pTC 1-2 + ∆pC2
Circuit 3 pos. 5 G3 = 80 l/h
= 4 + 2 + 13 = 19 kPa
Circ. 3 ∆pTOT 3 = ∆pTC 0-1 + ∆pTC 1-2 + ∆pTC 2-3 + ∆pC3
120
Maximum flow rate [l/h]

= 4 + 2 + 1,5 + 12 = 19,5 kPa

100
In the case in the exampled, the most disadvantaged circuit is number 3,
6 which corresponds to the maximum total head loss.
80 5
4 Determining the circulation pump flow rate
60 The flow rate of the circulation pump is calculated, with sufficient
3
accuracy, as the sum of the Gmax flow rates of the radiators (a).
40 2 Therefore:
Gpump = Σ Gmax
20 1
In a theoretically more accurate way, the flow rate can also be
calculated as the sum of the flow rates at which the DYNAMICAL®
0
10 15 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 150 valves are set (b).
∆p [kPa] In the previous example:
(a) Σ Gmax = 207,5 l/h
Minimum operating ∆p: on site check of the disadvantaged circuit (b) pos.6 + pos. 2 + pos. 5 = 90 + 40 + 80 = 210 l/h
the differences involved between the two methods are not very high.
The dynamic thermostatic radiator valve, with 2K adjustment, works
between 10 kPa
Determining the circulation pump head
and 150 kPa. For this reason it is necessary to identify the most disadvantaged
circuit and determine the available ∆p using the ∆p measuring kit The head of the circulation pump is calculated as the sum of the head
code 230100. (See accessories) and ensure the minimum operating ∆p to losses of the most disadvantaged circuit ∆pDisadvantaged C (including
this circuit, adjusting the circulation pump head. the working ∆pmin of the DYNAMICAL® valve and the pipe/radiator
losses ∆pT/R) and the ∆p of the sections connecting that circuit to the
circulation pump.
Minimum operating ∆p: calculation of disadvantaged circuit Therefore:
The most disadvantaged circuit, to which ensure the minimum operating ∆ppump= ∆pmin +∆pT/R disadvantaged + Σ ∆pconnecting sections
∆p can be identified through the rigorous calculation of the head losses.
In the case in the example:
1 - Calculation of the head losses of every single radiator circuit (∆pC)
∆pC = ∆pmin + ∆pT/R ∆ppump = ∆pTOT3

∆pmin1 ∆pT/R1 ∆pmin2 ∆pT/R2 ∆pmin3 ∆pT/R3

1 2 3

G1 G2 G3
∆pC1 ∆pC2 ∆pC3

GTot. ∆PTOT G2 + G3 G3

∆PTC 0-1 ∆PTC 1-2 ∆PTC 2-3

Pre-setting and installation of thermostatic heads, Installation of valves with thermostatic control heads
electronic or thermo-electric actuators
The thermostatic control heads must be installed in horizontal position.
Remove the knob from the
valve.

To preset the flow rate,

position the appropriate
shaped nut. The sensitive element of the
The reference of the setting 1 thermostatic control heads
position is defined by the must never be installed in
orientation of the flat side niches, radiator cabinets,
surface (1) of the control behind curtains or exposed to
stem. direct sunlight, otherwise it may
produce false readings.

Rotate the control stem to

select the desired position.

Remove the adjustment nut.

Operating principle of
Valve closed
thermostatic control head

The control device of the

thermostatic radiator valve is a
proportional temperature regulator,
Install the composed of a bellows containing a
thermostatic (2), 2 specific thermostatic fluid.
electronic (3) or As the temperature increases, the
thermo-electric (4) liquid increases in volume and
actuators on the causes the bellows to expand. As
valve. the temperature decreases, the
inverse process occurs; the bellows
Valve open
contracts due to the thrust of the
counter-spring. The axial movements
of the sensor element are transmitted
3 to the valve actuator by means of the
connecting stem, thereby adjusting
the flow of medium in the heat emitter.

Combination with heat metering systems

4
The thermostatic valves can be used in combination with metering
systems.
In this way, the actual consumption of each radiator can be monitored
in order to contain system running costs which, in centralized systems,
can be shared in such a way to be advantageous to the end users.
Application diagrams

System with risers with dynamic thermostatic valves and thermostatic control heads.

Independent zone system with dynamic thermostatic valves with thermostatic control heads and variable speed circulator
Accessories

230
Kit for measuring ∆ p in the circuits
with dynamic valves.

00140
00020
ENTER ESC AUTO/OFF

DATA CLR

HOLD UNIT REL

ZERO

To use the instrument, the headwork replacement kit is necessary

(code 387201), which allows you to extract the headwork of the
Code
dynamic thermostatic radiator valve and to insert the appropriate
230100
headwork for the measuring instrument.

SPECIFICATION SUMMARIES

230 series
Dynamic thermostatic radiator valve fitted for thermostatic control heads, electronic and thermo-electric actuators. Angled
connections for steel pipe. Connection to the radiator 3/8” or 1/2” M with tailpiece supplied with EPDM sealing gasket, 3/4”
with tailpiece without sealing gasket. Brass body. Chrome plated. Protective cap, green PANTONE 356C in ABS. Stainless
steel control stem. Double seal on control stem with EPDM O-Ring. Medium working temperature range 5–95 °C. Maximum
working pressure 10 bar. PCT - INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PENDING.

231 series
Dynamic thermostatic radiator valve fitted for thermostatic control heads, electronic and thermo-electric actuators. Straight
connections for steel pipe. Connection to the radiator 3/8” or 1/2” M with tailpiece supplied with EPDM sealing gasket, 3/4”
with tailpiece without sealing gasket. Brass body. Chrome plated. Protective cap, green PANTONE 356C in ABS. Stainless
steel control stem. Double seal on control stem with EPDM O-Ring. Medium working temperature range 5–95 °C. Maximum
working pressure 10 bar. PCT - INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PENDING.

232 series
Dynamic thermostatic radiator valve fitted for thermostatic control heads, electronic and thermo-electric actuators. Angled
connections for copper, plastic and multi-layer pipes 23 p.1,5 for pipes from 10 to 18 mm. Connection to radiator 3/8” and
1/2” M with tailpiece equipped with EPDM sealing gasket. Brass body. Chrome plated. Protective cap, green PANTONE 356C
in ABS. Stainless steel control stem. Double seal on control stem with EPDM O-Ring. Medium working temperature range
5–95 °C. Maximum working pressure 10 bar. PCT - INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PENDING.

233 series
Dynamic thermostatic radiator valve fitted for thermostatic control heads, electronic and thermo-electric actuators. Straight
connections for copper, plastic and multi-layer pipes 23 p.1,5 for pipes from 10 to 18 mm. Connection to radiator 3/8” and
1/2” M with tailpiece equipped with EPDM sealing gasket. Brass body. Chrome plated. Protective cap, green PANTONE 356C
in ABS. Stainless steel control stem. Double seal on control stem with EPDM O-Ring. Medium working temperature range
5–95 °C. Maximum working pressure 10 bar. PCT - INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PENDING.

234 series
Reverse-angled dynamic thermostatic radiator valve fitted for thermostatic control heads, electronic and thermo-electric
actuators. For steel pipes. Connection to radiator 3/8” and 1/2” M with tailpiece equipped with EPDM sealing gasket. Brass
body. Chrome plated. Protective cap, green PANTONE 356C in ABS. Stainless steel control stem. Double seal on control stem
with EPDM O-Ring. Medium working temperature range 5–95 °C. Maximum working pressure 10 bar. PCT - INTERNATIONAL
APPLICATION PENDING.

237 series
Reverse-angled dynamic thermostatic radiator valve fitted for thermostatic control heads, electronic and thermo-electric
actuators. For copper, simple plastic and multi-layer pipes 23 p.1,5 for pipes from 10 to 18 mm. Connection to radiator 3/8”
and 1/2” M with tailpiece equipped with EPDM sealing gasket. Brass body. Chrome plated. Protective cap, green PANTONE
356C in ABS. Stainless steel control stem. Double seal on control stem with EPDM O-Ring. Medium working temperature
range 5–95 °C. Maximum working pressure 10 bar. PCT - INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PENDING.

We reserve the right to make changes and improvements to our products and the related technical data in this publication, at any time and without
prior notice.
The website www.caleffi.com always has the most up-to-date version of the document, which should be used for technical verifications.

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