Difference Between Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence are two closely related but
distinct fields within the broader field of computer science. Artificial
Intelligence (AI) is a discipline that focuses on creating intelligent machines
that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as
visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and natural language
processing. It involves the development of algorithms and systems that can
reason, learn, and make decisions based on input data.

On the other hand, Machine Learning (ML) is a subfield of AI that involves

teaching machines to learn from data without being explicitly programmed.
ML algorithms can identify patterns and trends in data and use them to make
predictions and decisions. ML is used to build predictive models, classify
data, and recognize patterns, and is an essential tool for many AI
applications.

The development of AI and ML has the potential to transform various

industries and improve people’s lives in many ways. AI systems can be used
to diagnose diseases, detect fraud, analyze financial data, and optimize
manufacturing processes. ML algorithms can help to personalize content and
services, improve customer experiences, and even help to solve some of the
world’s most pressing environmental challenges.

Despite the many benefits of AI and ML, there are still many differences
between Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence as they concerns about
the potential risks and challenges associated with these technologies. These
include the risk of job displacement, the impact on human autonomy and
decision-making, and the potential for AI and ML to be used in harmful ways.
As such, it is important to approach the development and use of AI and ML
responsibly and ethically and to address the potential risks and challenges
associated with these technologies.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial Intelligence comprises two words “Artificial” and “Intelligence”.

Artificial refers to something which is made by humans or a non-natural thing
and Intelligence means the ability to understand or think. There is a
misconception that Artificial Intelligence is a system, but it is not a system.
AI is implemented in the system. There can be so many definitions of AI, one
definition can be “It is the study of how to train the computers so that
computers can do things which at present humans can do
better.” Therefore It is an intelligence that we want to add all the
capabilities to a machine that human contains.

To learn more about Artificial Intelligence, you can refer to these articles:

 Artificial Intelligence | An Introduction

 Impact and Example of Artificial Intelligence

 Top 20 Artificial Intelligence(AI) Applications in 2023

Machine Learning (ML)

Machine Learning is the learning in which a machine can learn on its own
without being explicitly programmed. It is an application of AI that provides
the system the ability to automatically learn and improve from experience.
Here we can generate a program by integrating the input and output of that
program. One of the simple definitions of Machine Learning is “Machine
Learning is said to learn from experience E w.r.t some class of task T
and a performance measure P if learners performance at the task in
the class as measured by P improves with experiences.”
You can refer to these articles to get in-depth knowledge of Machine
Learning:

 Getting Started with Machine Learning

 Applications of Machine Learning

 ML | Introduction to Data in Machine Learning

Artificial Intelligence vs Machine Learning

Moving ahead, now let’s check out the basic differences between artificial
intelligence and machine learning.

S.No
. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MACHINE LEARNING

The terminology
“Machine Learning” was
The terminology “Artificial Intelligence” first used in 1952 by
was originally used by John McCarthy IBM computer
1.
in 1956, who also hosted the first AI scientist Arthur
conference. Samuel, a pioneer in
artificial intelligence and
computer games.

AI stands for Artificial intelligence, ML stands for Machine

where intelligence is defined as Learning which is defined
2.
the ability to acquire and apply as the acquisition of
knowledge. knowledge or skill

Machine Learning is the

AI is the broader family consisting of ML
3. subset of Artificial
and DL as its components.
Intelligence.

4. The aim is to increase the chance of The aim is to increase

success and not accuracy. accuracy, but it does
not care about; the
S.No
. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MACHINE LEARNING

success

Machine learning is
AI is aiming to develop an intelligent attempting to construct
system capable of machines that can only
5.
performing a variety of complex jobs. accomplish the jobs for
decision-making which they have been
trained.

Here, the tasks systems

It works as a computer program that
6. machine takes data and
does smart work.
learns from data.

The goal is to learn from

data on certain tasks to
The goal is to simulate natural
7. maximize
intelligence to solve complex problems.
the performance on that
task.

AI has a very broad variety of The scope of machine

8.
applications. learning is constrained.

ML allows systems to
9. AI is decision-making. learn new things from
data.

It is developing a system that mimics It involves creating self-

10.
humans to solve problems. learning algorithms.
S.No
. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MACHINE LEARNING

AI is a broader family consisting of ML

11. ML is a subset of AI.
and DL as its components.

Three broad categories of

ML are :
Three broad categories of AI are :
1. Supervised
1. Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) Learning
12.
2. Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) 2. Unsupervised
Learning
3. Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)
3. Reinforcement
Learning

ML can work with only

AI can work with structured, semi-
13. structured and semi-
structured, and unstructured data.
structured data.

14. AI’s key uses include- The most common uses

of machine learning-
 Siri, customer service via chatbots
 Facebook’s
 Expert Systems
automatic friend
 Machine Translation like Google suggestions
Translate
 Google’s search
 Intelligent humanoid robots such algorithms
as Sophia,
 Banking fraud
and so on.
analysis

 Stock price
forecast

 Online
recommender
S.No
. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MACHINE LEARNING

systems, and so
on.

AI refers to the broad field of creating

ML is a subset of AI that
machines that can simulate human
involves training
intelligence and perform tasks such as
algorithms on data to
15. understanding natural language,
make predictions,
recognizing images and sounds, making
decisions, and
decisions, and solving complex
recommendations.
problems.

AI is a broad concept that includes

ML focuses on teaching
various methods for creating intelligent
machines how to learn
machines, including rule-based
from data without being
systems, expert systems, and machine
16. explicitly programmed,
learning algorithms. AI systems can be
using algorithms such as
programmed to follow specific rules,
neural networks, decision
make logical inferences, or learn from
trees, and clustering.
data using ML.

17. AI systems can be built using In contrast, ML

both structured and unstructured da algorithms require large
ta, including text, images, video, and amounts of structured
audio. AI algorithms can work with data data to learn and
in a variety of formats, and they can improve their
analyze and process data to extract performance. The quality
meaningful insights. and quantity of the data
used to train ML
algorithms are critical
factors in determining
the accuracy and
effectiveness of the
S.No
. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MACHINE LEARNING

system.

AI is a broader concept that ML, on the other hand, is

encompasses many different primarily used
applications, for pattern
including robotics, natural language recognition, predictive
18. processing, speech recognition, modeling, and decision-
and autonomous vehicles. AI systems making in fields such as
can be used to solve complex problems marketing, fraud
in various fields, such as healthcare, detection, and credit
finance, and transportation. scoring.

In contrast, ML
algorithms require
human involvement to
AI systems can be designed to work
set up, train, and
autonomously or with minimal human
optimize the system. ML
intervention, depending on the
19. algorithms require the
complexity of the task. AI systems can
expertise of data
make decisions and take actions based
scientists, engineers, and
on the data and rules provided to them.
other professionals to
design and implement
the system.