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Work, Energy and Power

This document covers the concepts of work and energy, including definitions, calculations, and relationships between kinetic and potential energy. It includes pre-assessment and post-assessment questions to evaluate understanding of the material. Key topics include the conditions for work being done, units of measurement, energy conservation, and the effects of friction on mechanical energy.

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12 views43 pages

Work, Energy and Power

This document covers the concepts of work and energy, including definitions, calculations, and relationships between kinetic and potential energy. It includes pre-assessment and post-assessment questions to evaluate understanding of the material. Key topics include the conditions for work being done, units of measurement, energy conservation, and the effects of friction on mechanical energy.

Uploaded by

dextent gamingyt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Work and Energy

Chapter 10
Learning objective
Students will
▪ Judge situations to identify where work is done according to scientific conception and
calculate the magnitude of work.
▪ Relate kinetic energy to motion and calculate kinetic energy possessed by the
objects.
▪ Relate potential energy to position and calculate potential energy possessed by the
objects.
▪ Comprehend energy transfer and write an expression for the kinetic energy of an
object.
▪ Calculate power and assess the efficiency of work done.
1) Work is done when:
•A force is applied, but there is no displacement.
•A force is applied, and the object moves in the direction of the force.
•An object moves without any force.
•None of the above.
2) Which of the following is a correct unit of power?
•Joule
•Watt
•Newton
•Meter per second
3) Which form of energy is stored in a stretched rubber band?
•Kinetic energy
•Chemical energy Pre-Assessment
•Elastic potential energy
•Thermal energy
4. True or False
a) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can change forms.
b) The SI unit of work is the Newton.
c) Power is the rate at which work is done.
5. Which of the following is the correct unit of work in the SI system?
•(a) Newton
•(b) Joule
•(c) Watt
•(d) Meter
Define 1 J of work
Think ……..
????
Q A box is pushed with a force of 30.6 N for 20 m. If the frictional force opposing the motion is 5 N, calculate the
net work done.
m
Derive the formula for kinetic energy
Let an object of mass m, move with uniform velocity u.
Let us displace it by s, due to constant force F, acting on it.
Work done on the object W = F x s………… …(i)
Due to the force, velocity changes to v and the acceleration produced is ‘a’.

Relationship between ν, u, a and s can be given by formula


ν2 – u2 = 2as
Delta ( change in)
Compare the potential energy in both situations:
Are they equal?
v
Conservation of energy of free-falling object.
The relation between Kinetic energy (KE) and
Momentum (p)
Post-Assessment
1. If the angle between force and displacement is q , then for what value of q is work done zero?
(a) 60° (b) 45° (c) 180◦ (d) 90°
2. Work done by a body from force-distance curve is
a) area under the curve
b) slope of the curve
c) Line parallel to distance axis
d) Line parallel to the force axis
3. A student carries a bag weighing 5 kg from the ground floor to his class on the first
floor that is 2 m high. The work done by the boy is.
(a) 1 J (b) 10 J (c) 100 J (d) 1000 J
4. When an object is moving on a frictionless path then its energy is constant. Why?
5. An object is moving with a uniform velocity along a particular direction. A retarding force of 5N, is applied in
the direction as shown.

The object stops after a displacement of 5m. What is the work done by the retarding force?
6. A person having weight 60 Kg climbs 30 steps on a stair in 40 seconds. If the height of each
stair step is 20 cm, then calculate the power of the person.
7. How fast should a man of mass 60 kg run so that his kinetic energy is 750 joule ?
A toy car slides down an inclined plane and reaches the bottom with less speed than expected. Explain
the role of friction in reducing the car’s mechanical energy.

CONVERSION OF AS THE TOY CAR MOVES HOWEVER, DUE TO


MECHANICAL ENERGY: DOWN, ITS THE PRESENCE OF
GRAVITATIONAL FRICTION BETWEEN
POTENTIAL ENERGY IS THE CAR AND THE
CONVERTED INTO
KINETIC ENERGY (SPEED)
SURFACE OF THE Energy Dissipation:
INCLINED PLANE,
IF NO EXTERNAL FORCES,
SOME OF THE
•Friction acts as a force opposing the motion of the
LIKE FRICTION, ARE
PRESENT. GRAVITATIONAL car.
POTENTIAL ENERGY IS •Instead of all the energy contributing to the car's
NOT ENTIRELY
CONVERTED INTO motion, friction converts a part of this energy into
KINETIC ENERGY. thermal energy (heat) and sound.
•This energy loss reduces the car's mechanical
energy, resulting in less speed at the bottom than
expected.

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