International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering

and Information Technology

ISSN : 2456-3307 Available Online at : www.ijsrcseit.com
doi : https://doi.org/10.32628/ CSEIT24102123

Early Detection System for Gas Leakage and Fire in Smart Home
Using IOT
B. Deepika1, S. Sivakami2, S. Sneha2, B. Sujitha2
1Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering
College, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering College,
Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India

ARTICLEINFO ABSTRACT

Article History:
Gas leakage is an important environmental, commercial and residential problem
that threatens human health, safety and the environment. Traditional gas
Accepted: 25 April 2024
detection methods often lack the ability to track time and do not provide timely
Published: 05 May 2024
information, leading to accidents and damage. In this context, Internet of Things
(IoT) technology has been found to provide a reliable solution for continuous
monitoring and remote management of gas detection systems. This paper
Publication Issue
presents an IoT-based gas leak detection system to improve safety and reduce the
Volume 10, Issue 3
risk of gas leakage. leak. The proposed system integrates gas sensors,
May-June-2024
microcontrollers, communication modules and cloud computing infrastructure
to enable real-time monitoring, data analysis and remote monitoring. Gas
Page Number
detectors used in designated areas indicated the presence of hazardous gases, and
102-108
data was collected directly from the 's central processing unit for analysis. The
system provides rapid rescue and intervention by sending instant notifications
via mobile applications in case of a gas leak. The main features of the proposed
system are scalability, flexibility and interoperability, allowing integration with
existing infrastructure and integration of different protocols. Additionally, the
use of a cloud-based platform facilitates data storage, analysis and visualization,
allowing partners to gain insight intogasleaks, processes and possible
consequences
Keywords : IOT, GSM, MQ2 gas sensor.

I. INTRODUCTION the environment. The presence of gases such as

methane, propane, or carbon monoxide in factories,
Gas leakage is a common and dangerous phenomenon commercial buildings, or homes can cause serious
that poses a serious threat to human health, safety and health problems, including explosions, fires, and health

Copyright © 2024 The Author(s): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative 102
Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
 B. Deepika et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Comput. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol., May-June-2024, 10 (3) : 102-108

problems. Therefore, the development of reliable and Sharma, Mrs. A.S Udapurkar. The aim of this project is
effective gas detection methods is essential for accident to detects the leakage of the LPG a gas sensor and GSM
prevention, risk reduction and social welfare. will notify people about gas leaks via SMS. When the
Traditional gas detection methods often rely on sensor detects gas leak, the output of the sensor goes
individual sensors or integrated monitoring systems, LOW. Detection is done using the gas sensor, LED and
which have many limitations. These include slow buzzer are activated simultaneously through the
response times, limited coverage, and the inability to microcontroller. The notification is
provide real-time alerts and data insights. Additionally, and is given to the user who sends an SMS to the
maintenance and management of such systems can be programmed mobile number.
complex and inefficient, creating control gaps and
increasing the 's vulnerability to gas-related problems. LPG Leakage Detection and Prevention Of LPG Wasim
To solve these problems, Internet of Things (IoT) Siddiqui1, Harish2 and Krishna Mohan Mishra3. This
technology has emerged, opening up new ways to article explains that fires/industrial fires have caused a
improve emissions and gas management. IoT enabled large number of deaths and injuries in recent years.
devices with hardware stainless steel powered IoT, By LPG is an extremely flammable gas and can ignite even
leveraging the power of IoT, it is possible to create if not supplied correctly. Most fire accidents occur due
smart networks that connect to the use of hazardous rubber or failure to control it
sensors that can detect, identify and respond to gas properly. Fuel supply from the controller to the
emissions more efficiently and effectively than ever ignition continues even after the ignition is turned off.
before. IoT gas detection system based on this paper Luckily if the knot was tied the
offers a smart and innovative way to improve safety would eventually leak oil. This article helps develop
and reduce the risk of gas leaks. The system integrates technology related to gas detection, monitoring and
the latest gas hardware, microcontrollers, management of LPG liquefied petroleum gas
communication protocols and cloud computing equipment.
infrastructure, allowing continuous monitoring as
energy in different locations. Real-time data collection In [4], the authors presented a GSM-based gas leak
and analysis facilitates early detection of gas leaks, detection method, which introduced and successfully
while timely alerts and notifications enable response. implemented the GSM model for the detection of
unknown metals and gas detection.
II. RELATED WORK
In [5] authors proposed WSN based smart system for
”A Security Alert System Using GSM for Gas Leakage” detection of LPG and combustible gases, works in
by S.Rajitha, T.Swapna The aim of this project is to flexible ways of smart detecting of gases on recent
check LPG leakage detecting the leakage of the LPG techniques. In [3], the authors presented an embedded
using gas sensor and alerts the consumer about the gas system for gas detection and detection, consisting of all
leakage by sending text. The system notifies the person devices in a simple, inexpensive and durable
of the gas leak by sending an SMS to his mobile phone installation. [4] describes the performance and features
using a GSM modem, informs the people at home using of ARM-based sensors. Developed to remotely monitor
a buzzer, and displays the message on the LCD screen. changes in CO2, temperature and location alerts.

”LPG/CNG Gas Leakage Detection System with GSM In [5] PIC18LF4620 based sensor node, monitor
Module” by Alan M John1, Bhavesh Purbia, Ankit humidity, light and oxygen parameters around the pipe

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 B. Deepika et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Comput. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol., May-June-2024, 10 (3) : 102-108

In [6], the authors presented a comprehensive SMS and GSM to the person registered to the number
approach to sensor-based pedestrian crossing systems registered in the source market.
at intersections. The system uses an ARM
microcontroller, Wi-Fi and cameras to integrate II. BACKGROUND OF THE WORK
components that can keep pedestrians and drivers safe
by detecting people and pedestrians before they get The history of IoT gas detection systems involves the
into trouble. convergence of many technological advances,
especially in the fields of IoT (Internet of Things), gas
In [7], the authors present a low-cost and reliable home technology, wireless communications and data
surveillance and control system with added security analytics. Here's a summary: The Internet of Things
using ESP32 with local Wi-Fi over IP connectivity to refers to a network of connected devices that
access and control common user devices using a mobile communicate and exchange information over the
phone application. Internet without human-to-human or human-to-
computer interaction. equipped IoT devices stainless
In [8], the authors proposed that IoT is based on steels IOT gas detectors. These sensors use different
monitoring and pollution using the ESP 8266 system. methods to accurately measure gases, such as chemical
This system records the values of different types of reactions, catalytic combustion or optical sensors.
pollution such as air pollution, water pollution and Advances in gas detection technology have led to the
noise pollution. If there is an increase in pollution development of a compact, reliable and affordable
values such as air, water, gas sound, noise, the sound sensor suitable for integration into IoT systems.
sensor detects these values and transmits them to
NodeMCU. Wireless communication technologies such as Wi-Fi,
Bluetooth, Zigbee and LoRaWAN play an important
In [9], cloud computing is defined as storing data in the role in IoT-based gas detection systems. These
cloud and using related applications. Everything is technologies provide real-time data and analysis by
hosted in the cloud and connected to many computers providing seamless connectivity between gas sensors,
and servers over the internet. data processing units and remote monitoring stations.
Data analysis techniques are used to process large
In [10], authors presented Modernization of Indian amounts of data from IoT-based gas detection systems.
agricultural system using micro controller” using 8051 Machine learning algorithms, statistical analysis and
and GSM. This approach focuses on introducing pattern recognition techniques are used to extract
irrigation systems to improve Indian agriculture and valuable information from sensor data, including gas
provide better irrigation in a particular region. The soil flow rates, fault locations and maintenance
sensor detects the condition of the soil, whether it is information. Gases pose a number of safety hazards,
dry or wet, and sends the data to the microcontroller. including fire, explosion and death. Early detection
The water level sensor detects the water level in the and reduction of gas emissions is crucial to protect the
water source and sends the data to the microcontroller. safety of people, property and the environment. An IoT
Data from the microcontroller is therefore sent as SMS gas detection system that provides real-time
via GSM. Based on the references in the above article, monitoring and reporting, enables rapid response to
we proposed a system that can detect gas at three points leaks and disaster prevention. IoT gas detection
at the same time, warn people with a buzzer, and send systems can be integrated into existing infrastructure,
including factories, commercial buildings and smart

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 B. Deepika et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Comput. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol., May-June-2024, 10 (3) : 102-108

homes. Upgrade traditional gas detection systems with

IoT sensors and communication modules that enable 1) Components used
remote monitoring, integrated management and a) Arduino Uno MCU Module
operational maintenance. Overall, the nature of IoT gas c) LPG Gas sensor module
detection systems based on d) Buzzer
demonstrates the need for new solutions to solve safety, e) 16*2 LCD display
environmental and operational issues related to gas f) 1K resistor
detection and prevention. These systems leverage the g) Cooling fan
power of IoT, advanced listening technologies, wireless h) Connecting wires
communications and data analytics to provide real- i) Relay
time, early detection and effective management of gas-
related problems. a) Arduino Uno: Arduino uno is a microcontroller
board based on ATmega328P. It has 14 input/output
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM channels, 6 input channels and a built-in resonator.
Reset buttons and holes are used to install pin heads.
IoT and Arduino based LPG gas detection system using The 6-pin header can be connected to the FTDI cable
LPG sensor. In this project, we implemented the LPG or the on-board terminal. Arduino Pro Mini is in the
gas sensor connected to Arduino. The signal from the second half of the list. The field comes without pre-
sensor is sent to the Arduino microcontroller. installed headers and allows the use of different types
Microcontroller connected to LCD, buzzer and IOT of circuits or solder wires. The pin format is supported
(ESP8266). The IoT LPG leak project is implemented by Arduino Mini. There are two types of Pro Mini, one
using the ESP8266 chip. This is a WiFi module used to running at 3.3V and 8MHz, the other running at 5V
connect microcontrollers to a WiFi network, and the and 16MHz.
handles TCP/IP and data transfers. Data from the
sensors is sent to the IoT. The IoT module then sends
the data to the website. The buzzer turns ON when gas
is detected. At this time, a message such as "Leakage
detected" will be displayed on the LCD screen. The
requirement for this LPG signal recognition and smart
notification project is that the Wi-Fi module is
connected to a Wi-Fi zone or hotspot.

b) WiFi module: It is an intelligent semiconductor IC

consisting of a module consisting of MCU, memory
devices, communication channels and peripherals.
Microcontrollers are used in a wide variety of
applications, including washing machines, robots,
drones, radios and game controllers.
c) LPG sensor model: The sensor works by detecting 6
Fig 1: BLOCK DIAGRAM different types of flammable gases listed on the

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 B. Deepika et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Comput. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol., May-June-2024, 10 (3) : 102-108

sensitivity label. This sensitivity can be attributed to a Arduino board connected to the same pin. One is
fault in the potentiometer installed on the MQ6 connected to the switch to connect the 220V power
exhaust manifold. The sensor provides a rating supply. This force is deflected between the other pins
comparing the output. MQ-6 (LPG gas sensor) detects of the device. The other 2 ports, one for the power
gas between 200 and 10,000 ppm. Metal production is supply and the other for the Arduino board.
of high quality. Connect the module to the sensor
element via the 4-pin connector f) 16*2 LCD Display: It is a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
that uses liquid to create a visible image and each
character screen consists of 16x2 elements. Operating
voltage is between 4.7 V and 5.3 V. Power
consumption is 1mA without backlight...

d) Bell: A bell or pager is a sound device that can be

mechanical or non-mechanical. A buzzer has 2 pins. It
In this research work, we can implement processing
is a simple and inexpensive design used in a variety of
steps and apply classification algorithms. They are
applications such as car/truck meters, computers and
multi-layer sensors used to classify data sent by users.
alarm clocks. Objects generate electricity when
When the research results are analyzed, it turns out
mechanical pressure is applied to the device and vice
that the Multilayer sensor technique gives better
versa.
results than other techniques. Data mining technology
provides an important tool in extracting hidden
medical rules from medical data and plays an important
role in predicting and diagnosing diseases. There are
additional benefits to using classification to determine
the presence or absence of diseases. This is
demonstrated in the current study using a large sample
of hospitalized patients experiencing episodes.

IV RESULT
e) Direction: Direction has 220V and 5V input, it is
The results of this project are determined by using light
used to turn off the electricity in the circuit if necessary.
to detect gas leaks near the gas sensor, after
There is pin 5. The digital controller has its own
understanding how the microcontroller will perform
the following tasks if the sensor has a value greater
than the maximum value:
Once gas leakage is detected, the relay turns off the
main power supply to prevent further accidents.
The buzzer starts ringing and a message appears on the
LCD screen to alert nearby people.

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 B. Deepika et al Int. J. Sci. Res. Comput. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol., May-June-2024, 10 (3) : 102-108

Wi-Fi module updates data to the cloud. The user can HOME USING IOT" is well designed and tested. It was
know the gas value and system status and also control developed by combining the properties of all metal
the power through the app. materials used. The existence of each module has been
carefully considered and placed, thus contributing to
V. BENEFITS AND APPLICATION the best performance of the unit. Secondly, the project
is successfully implemented using the most advanced
Improved safety: Provides early detection of gas leaks, components and with the help of technology. So we
allowing you to intervene quickly and reduce potential can verify that the IOT-based gas leak generator using
risks. Arduino detects the gas leak by displaying the alert and
Remote Monitoring: Helps users monitor emissions cutting off the power. This is used in both industrial
conveniently and easily anywhere. and domestic applications. The sensor is sensitive to
Size: The design allows for easy expansion by adding harmful gases. We can save lives by using this system
additional sensors to larger areas or multiple areas. in difficult situations.
Cost-effective: uses discrete components and open
source software, making it the perfect solution for III. REFERENCES
residential and industrial applications.
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