Patterns and Numbers in Nature and

the World
 Objectives:
❖

❖
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Have
you ever
wondered…
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Patterns are things that are repetitive, which can be

found in nature as color, shape, action, or some other
sequences that are almost everywhere.

Mathematics expresses patterns. These sequences that

repeat, follows a rule or rules. A rule is a way to calculate
or solve a problem.
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1. Symmetry
According to the American Heritage Dictionary, symmetry is
an exact correspondence of form and constituent configuration on
opposite sides of a dividing line or plane or about a center or an axis.
It indicates that you can draw an imaginary line across an
object and the resulting parts are mirror images of each other.
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a. Reflection Symmetry
It is also called mirror symmetry or line symmetry. It is made
with a line going through an object which divides it into two
pieces which are mirror images of each other. This is often termed as
bilateral symmetry as it divides the object into two (“bi “ means
two) mirror
images.
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b. Rotational Symmetry
It is also called radial symmetry. In Biology, this kind of symmetry is
exhibited by objects when their similar parts are regularly arranged
around a central axis and the pattern looks the same after a certain
amount of rotation. Note that if you rotate the given images below
by several degrees, you can still achieve the same appearance as the original
position.
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c. Translational Symmetry
This kind of symmetry is exhibited by objects which do not change
its size and shape even if it moved to another location. Note that the
movement does not involve with reflection or rotation.
A shape exhibits translational symmetry if displacement in some
direction-horizontal or vertical, returns the shape to its
original configuration.
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2. Fractals
These are never-ending patterns that are self-similar across
different scales. The image just reappears over and over again no
matter how many times the object is magnified.
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3. Spirals
These are curved patterns made by series of circular shapes
revolving around a central point.
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4. Spots and stripes

Patterns are also exhibited in the external appearances
of animals.
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5. Flower petals
Flowers are easily considered as things of beauty. Their vibrant
colors and fragrant odors make them very appealing as gifts or
decorations. The flowers below have different number of petals.
Flowers with 5 petals are said to be the most common.
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A sequence may be finite or infinite. A

finite sequence has a definite number of terms. A list of
numbers which form a pattern is called a sequence.
Number patterns may be described by examining how
the terms are being generated.

Note: Fibonacci sequence is an example of

infinite sequence.
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1. 01, 11, 21, 31, 41, __

5_ 6_1_, __7_1_
1_, __
2. 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, _4_8__, _5__, _6
_6 4_
__
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✓
➢ Mathematics helps organize patterns and regularities in the world
because one must know that there is always mathematics in almost
everything in this world.
➢ From the arrangement or grouping that repeats, designs of things – like
hues, shapes, activities, or different arrangements that repeat all over,
tunes in tunes, lines and bends on structures, or even in the market
where boxes and containers of different things are arranged, that is all
because of mathematics.
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Source: https://prezi.com/p/om43ojaltn7x/mathematics-can-help-predict-the-behavior-of-nature-and-phenomena-in-the-world/
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Source: https://prezi.com/p/om43ojaltn7x/mathematics-can-help-predict-the-behavior-of-nature-and-phenomena-in-the-world/
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Source: https://prezi.com/p/om43ojaltn7x/mathematics-can-help-predict-the-behavior-of-nature-and-phenomena-in-the-world/
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Source: https://prezi.com/p/om43ojaltn7x/mathematics-can-help-predict-the-behavior-of-nature-and-phenomena-in-the-world/
❖ The Fibonacci numbers are
series of numbers that often
occur in nature.
❖ Fibonacci sequence is an integer
in the infinite sequence 1, 1, 2, 3,
5, 8, 13…The sequence begins
with zero or one. Each
subsequent number is found by
getting the sum of two
preceding numbers. Source: https://c8.alamy.com/comp/G14XDW/leonardo-pisano-bigollo-1170-1250-also-known-as-
leonardo-of-pisa-leonardo-G14XDW.jpg
𝐹𝑛 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233

N 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th
What is the 20th term of the Fibonacci sequence?
𝑛 𝑛
1+ 5 1− 5
−
𝐹𝑛 = 2 2
5

𝑭𝟐𝟎 = 𝟔𝟕𝟔𝟓
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✘ Tolentino, AR. P., et al. (2018). Mathematics in the

Modern World. MUTYA Publishing House, Inc.
✘ https://www.math-only-math.com/worksheet-on-
patterns.html
✘ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kkGeOWYOFoA
&t=82s
✘ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=64643Op6WJo
✘ https://artscolumbia.org/mathematics-helps-
patterns-regularities-the-world-175231/
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