Number Theory and Computation
Number Theory and Computation
CSEC Mathematics
Number Theory
What is a number?
Types of Numbers
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Exercise
N = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …}.
W = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …}.
Z = {…, - 6, - 5, - 4, - 3, - 2, - 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, …}.
symbol Q.
and e. It is represented
by the symbol Q1 or I.
symbol R.
We note N W Z Q R and Q1 R.
So R = Q Q1. The Venn diagram representing
the set of real numbers is as follows:
U=R
N W Z Q
Q1 = I
Exercise
Place a tick to state the categories each number belongs.
219
– 6048
15.97
2.718
Square Numbers
That is, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121,
144, 169, 225, …
Cube Numbers
Cube numbers: 13, 23, 33, 43, 53, 63, 73, 83, 93,
103, 113, 123, … That is,
and so.
Order of Operation
Exercise
Exercise
a. b. c. d. e.
f. g.
h. i. j. k. l.
m.
n. o. p. q.
r. s. t.
ANSWERS: a. 2 b. 3 c. 2 d. 3 e. 5 f. 4
g. 8 h. 10 i. 7 j. 9 k. 5
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l. 6 m. 7 n. 16 o. 729 p. 16 q.
1000 r. 25 s. 8 t. 8
Number Systems
Thousandth
Thousandth
Thousandth
Hundred
Hundredth-
Decimal
Ten
Hundred
Tenth
point
100,000
6 = 1 (identity)
since – 7 = 1 (identity)
Multiplication by Zero
Division by Zero
i. = ii.
Exercise
1. ANS:
2. ANS:
3. ANS:
4. ANS:
5. ANS:
1. ANS:
2. ANS:
3. ANS:
4. ANS:
5. ANS:
Computation
Approximation
Thousandth
Thousandth
Thousandth
Units/Ones
Thousands
Hundredth
Hundreds
Decima
Hundred
Tenth
Tens
l point
Ten
Example
b. 2.999 Ans. 3
c. 25.47 Ans. 25
d. 0.068 Ans. 0
1. 348.379
2. 70.817
3. 19.635
4. 28.15
5. 6999.749
Example
a. 25.36 Ans. 30
b. 12.958 Ans. 10
1. 3,456.214
2. 6.528
3. 72.369
4. 1699.852
5. 102.598
6. 4.925
7. 7.673
Example
1. 17.823 (1 d.p.)
2. 6987.245601 (3 d.p.)
3. 180.50361 (2 d.p.)
Example
Example
Activity
a. exactly
d. in standard form
a. exactly
c. 3 dec. pl.
d. nearest hundreds
e. in standard form
a. exactly
c. 1 dec. pl.
d. nearest tens
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e. in standard form
a. exactly
b. 4 dec. pl.
c. nearest thousandth
d. 3 sig. fig.
e. in standard form
numerator
denominator
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example, .
Note:
Activity
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a. b. c. d. e.
f. g.
Exercise
a. b. c. d.
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Exercise
a. b. c. d.
Equivalent Fractions
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Exercise
numerator indicated.
a. , denominator 36
b. , numerator 21
c. , denominator 3
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d. , numerator 8
e. , numerator 45
f. , denominator 18
g. , numerator 5.
Enrichment
a. b. c. d. e.
f. g.
Order of Operation
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For example,
Multiplication of Fractions
For example, .
Division of Fractions
a)
ANSWER: 2.88
b)
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ANSWER:
b)
3.
May 2015
ANSWER: OR
4.
May 2015
5.
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May 2014
6.
ANSWER: OR
Jan. 2014
Answer: 2.40 (2 dec. pl.)
7.
ANSWER:
Jan. 2012
8.
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ANSWER: i) 86.65
ii)
Jan. 2011
9.
ANSWER: i)
May 2009
10.
May 2008
ANSWER: i) 1.873
ii)
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ANSWER: a) 8.89
b) i. 40 ii. 720 iii.
ANSWERS: a) i. 151.208
CSEC Mathematics
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c. Ans: 2.55
e. ANSWER:
f. (May 2013)
g. (12.8)2 – (30 0.375) (Jan 2015)
a. ANSWER:
ANSWER:
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b. (Jun 1998)
9. Determine the exact value of:
a. ANSWER:
10. Simplify:
ANSWER: 1.7
(May 2015).
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Exercise
Simplify the following, without the use of a
calculator.
1. 24 8 4 2. 24 8 4
3. 5 + 32 4. 28 – 12 4
5. 5 + 3 2
6. (3 2 – 1) + (44 11 – 7)
7. (7 – 4) 9 (8 2 3)
8. 5.32 0.46
9. 73.12 2.4 10. 39.48 – 7.395
11. 4.57 + 0.8316 + 25 12. 7 8
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Exercise
Copy and complete the table below. Show all working below the table.
1.
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2. 0.125
3. 2.5%
4. 0.65
5. 45%
6.
7. 0.8
8. 25%
9.
10. 0.32
Exercise
Calculate the following.
1. What is 30% of $600?
2. What is 0.45% of $500? Ans: $2.25
3. 25% of a certain volume is 60 cm3.
Calculate the total volume. Ans: 240 cm3
4. A student scored 16 out of 40 in an English
test. What was the students’ percentage score?
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1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. Ans: 15/4
7. Ans: 2/25
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Ratio
A ratio refers to a comparison between
measures of the same quantity carried out by
division.
Exercise
Answer the following.
1. The sum of $25,000 was divided among
two consultants in the ratio 2:3. What is the
amount of the smaller share?
Answer $10,000
2. A sum of money is divided among two
friends in the ratio 4:11. If the smaller amount
is $420, find the larger amount. Answer
$1,155
3. Two lengths are in the ratio 7:8. If the first
length is 273m, what is the second length?
Answer 312 m
4. Natasha and Tricia shared a sum of money
in the ratio 5:3 respectively. If Tricia’s share
was $126.75, calculate:
a) Natasha’s share Answer $211.25[]
b) the total sum of money shared.
Answer $338
Answer 9:3:5
(Practice Questions, Ex. 3r Page 81)
Exercise
Ans: $32.22
Exercise
Ans: 6 days
Ans: 18 weeks
1 kg = 2.21 pounds
1 tonne = 1000 kg