GOVERNMENT OF TAMILNADU

DIRECT RECRUITMENT FOR THE

POST OF POST GRADUATE ASSISTANTS /
PHYSICAL EDUCATION DIRECTORS – GRADE-I

SYLLABUS
2024-2025
COMMERCE & ACCOUNTANCY

State Council of Educational Research and Training

Chennai - 600 006.
The wise
possess all
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SUBJECT : COMMERCE & ACCOUNTANCY

SYLLABUS

Unit I BUSINESS ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT

Business: Meaning and Characteristics – Divisions of business: Industry,
Commerce and Trade – Objectives of business – Social responsibilities of a
business – Business ethics and Corporate governance – Evolution of business
– Forms of business organisation: Sole proprietorship, Hindu undivided family,
Partnership, Limited liability partnership, Joint stock company, Co-operative
organisation, Government organization – Location of a plant – Business
combinations: Meaning, types, forms, advantages and limitations – Micro, Small
and Medium Enterprises – Self Help Groups.
Management: Meaning, Nature and Levels – Evolution of Management Thought
– Planning – Decision making – Organising – Power and authority – Coordination
– Staffing – Directing – Motivation – Leadership – Communication – Controlling.

Unit II MARKETING AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Marketing – Concepts, Approaches, Functions and Environment – Marketing
mix – Market Segmentation – Market Targeting and Positioning – Product:
Meaning, Features, Attributes, Mix, Product life cycle, New product planning
and development – Pricing Policies and Strategies – Promotional methods:
Personal selling, Advertising, Publicity, Sales promotion – Channels of
distribution: Functions, Types – Retail management: Agent middlemen,
Wholesaler, Retailer, Consumer Behaviour – Need for consumer protection –
Consumer grievance redressal mechanism under Consumer Protection Act
– Services marketing – Rural and Agricultural Marketing – Recent Trends in
Marketing: Digital Marketing, Social marketing, Green marketing.
Human Resource Management: Objectives and Importance – Human resource
planning – Functions of Trade Unions – Forms of Collective Bargaining –
Workers’ Participation in Management – Grievance Management – Employee
Welfare: Types of Employee Welfare Measures – Remuneration.

Unit III BANKING, INSURANCE, FINANCIAL MARKETS

AND AUDITING
Indian Banking System – Banking Structure in India: RBI, Public Sector Banks,
Private Banks, Foreign Banks, RRB, UCB, Payment Banks and Small Finance
Banks – Branch Banking – Unit Banking – Universal Banking – Central bank
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and commercial banks – Types of Accounts: Savings, Recurring, Fixed Deposit,

CASA, Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana – KYC norms – Digital Banking
Services: e-banking, Mobile banking – Green Banking – Electronic Mobile
Wallets – ATM – Electronic Money – NEFT, RTGS, IMPS, UPI and Digital
currency.
Insurance: Meaning and features – Life insurance – General Insurance – IRDAI:
Purpose, Duties, Powers and functions.
Financial Markets: Capital Markets – Money Markets – Primary Market
Operations – Secondary Market Operations – Functions of Stock Exchanges –
Listing – Role of SEBI – Venture Capital, Leasing and Credit Rating.
Auditing: Meaning, Objectives – Types of audit – Audit Planning and control –
Internal Control-Internal Check and Internal Audit – Vouching – Verification and
Valuation of Assets and Liabilities – Professional Ethics of Auditors – Auditors:
Qualification, Appointment and Removal, Duties and Liabilities – Investigation
and Audit.

Unit IV BUSINESS LAW AND COMPANY LAW

The Indian Contract Act, 1872: Introduction – Elements of a valid contract –
Offer and Acceptance – Consideration – Capacity to contract – Free consent
– Legality of object – Void agreements – Contingent contract – Performance
of contract – Quasi contract – Discharge of contracts – Remedies for breach of
contract.
The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Sale of goods – Conditions and warranties –
Transfer of property – Performance of contract of sale – Rights of an unpaid
seller.
Companies Act, 2013: Characteristics of Company – Lifting or Piercing the
Corporate Veil – Classification of Companies – Formation of a Company
(Promoter, Prospectus, Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association,
Incorporation, Commencement of business) – Share capital and Debentures –
Directors – Meetings – Company Secretary (Appointment, Rights, Duties and
Liabilities).

Unit V ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT AND

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
Entrepreneurship: Meaning, Characteristics and types – Entrepreneur: Traits,
Classification and Functions – Idea Generation – Identification of Business
Opportunities – Design Thinking: Meaning and Process – MSME: Definition,
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Importance of MSME for Economic Growth – Role of banks in EDP – Role

of SIDCO – SIPCOT in Tamil Nadu – Government Schemes – Prime Minister
Employment Generation Programme – Problems of small Entrepreneurs –
Women Entrepreneurship in India: Incentives and Subsidies.
International Business – Meaning – Nature – Scope and Importance – Stages
of Internationalisation of business – Methods of entry into foreign markets:
Licensing – Franchising – Joint Ventures – Strategic Alliances – Subsidiaries
and Acquisitions – Balance of Payment – Balance of Trade –Tariffs, Quotas and
Licenses – Multi-Lateral Agreements and Institutions: Economic Integration
– Forms: Free Trade Area, Customs Union, Common Market and Economic
Union-Regional Blocks: Developed and Developing Countries – NAFTA – EU
– SAARC, ASEAN-BRICS – OPEC – Promotional role played by IMF-World
Bank and its affiliates – IFC, MIGA and ICSID – ADB-Regulatory role played
by WTO and UNCTAD.

Unit VI FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING

Introduction to Accounting – Accounting Concepts and Conventions –
Indian Accounting Standards – Accounting Equation – Double Entry
System – Journal – Ledger – Cash Book – Other Subsidiary Books – Trial
Balance – Rectification of Errors – Bank Reconciliation Statement –
Depreciation Accounting – Capital Expenditures and Revenue Expenditures
– Final Accounts of Sole Proprietors – Average due date – Account current.
Bills of Exchange – Accounts from incomplete records – Accounts of Not-
for-profit organisation – Partnership Accounts: Fundamentals, Final accounts,
Admission, Retirement, Death of partners – Dissolution of partnership firms –
Consignment accounts – Joint venture accounts.

Unit VII CORPORATE ACCOUNTING

Issues of Shares – Bonus Issues – Sweat Equity Shares – Employee Stock
Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme – Buy Back of Shares
– Redemption of Preference Shares – Issue and Redemption of Debentures
– Underwriting of Securities – Profit Prior to Incorporation – Valuation of
Goodwill and Shares – Final Accounts of Companies – Amalgamation: Merger
and Acquisition – Alteration of Capital and Internal Reconstruction – Corporate
Financial Reporting – Consolidated financial statements.

Unit VIII COST AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING

Introduction to Cost Accounting – Methods and Techniques of Costing –
Classification of cost – Materials – Labour – Overheads – Cost sheet – Job
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Costing – Process Costing – Joint Products and By-Products – Operating

Costing – Contract Costing – Standard costing and Variance Analysis (Material
and Labour only) – Activity Based Costing.
Introduction to Management Accounting – Functions and Benefits of
Management accounting – Analysis and Interpretation of Financial statements:
Comparative statements, Common size statements and Trend analysis – Ratios
– Funds flow statement – Cash Flow Statement as per AS 3 – Budgets and
Budgetary control – Marginal Costing and Break – Even analysis.

Unit IX FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS STATISTICS

Introduction to Financial management – Sources of finance – Sources of (National
and International) – Time value of money – Risk and return – Cost of capital
– Capital structure – Leverages – Dividend policy – Working capital forecast –
Cash management – Receivable management – Inventory management – Capital
budgeting.
Introduction to Statistics – Sampling and sample designs – Collection of Primary
and Secondary data – Measures of Central tendency – Measures of Dispersion –
Simple Correlation – Regression Analysis – Chi-square Test – Probability.

Unit X TAXATION
Basic concepts relating to Income Tax – Residential status and Tax Incidence
– Scope of Income – Basic concepts of Income – Income exempt from tax –
Income from salaries – Income from house property – Profits and Gains from
Business or Profession – Capital Gains – Income from Other Sources – Clubbing
of Income – Set off and Carry forward of losses – Deductions from Gross total
income – Assessment of individuals – Return of income – Advance payment
of tax – Deduction and Collection of Tax at Source – E-filing of Income Tax
Returns.
Introduction to Goods and Services Tax – CGST – SGST – UTGST – IGST –
Taxable Event – Consideration – Levy and Collection of GST – Exemptions
from GST – Place and Time of Supply – Value of taxable supply – Input Tax
Credit – Procedure for Registration – Goods and Services Valuation Rules – Tax
Invoice – Credit and Debit Notes – Payment of tax – Interest on Delayed Payment
of Tax – Furnishing of Returns – Default in Furnishing Returns – Demand and
Appeals – Authority for Advance Ruling – Settlement of cases.