1. Which of the following is a well-defined set?

A. The set of good movies

B. The set of beautiful paintings
C. The set of prime numbers less than 20
D. The set of tall people
ANSWER: C

2. If A = {1,2,3} and B = {2,3,4}, what is A ∩ B?

A. {1,2,3,4}
B. {2,3}
C. {1,4}
D. {1,2,3}
ANSWER: B

3. The power set of {a,b} contains how many subsets?

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
ANSWER: C

4. If A = {x | x is an odd number less than 10}, what is A?

A. {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
B. {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
C. {0, 2, 4, 6, 8}
D. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
ANSWER: A

5. What is the cardinality of A = {a, b, c, d, e}?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
ANSWER: C

6. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {3, 4, 5}, what is A ∪ B?

A. {1,2,3,4,5}
B. {3,4,5}
C. {1,2,3}
D. {}
ANSWER: A

7. What is the null set?

A. A set with no elements
B. A set with only one element
C. A set with infinite elements
D. A set with even numbers
ANSWER: A

8. The universal set U contains elements 1 to 10. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, what is

A'?
A. {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
B. {1, 2, 3, 4}
C. {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
D. {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
ANSWER: A

9. If X = {2, 4, 6, 8} and Y = {4, 8, 12, 16}, what is X ∩ Y?

A. {2, 6, 12, 16}
B. {4, 8}
C. {2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16}
D. {}
ANSWER: B

10. Which of the following is a subset of A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}?

A. {1, 2, 3}
B. {2, 4, 6}
C. {3, 7}
D. {4, 8, 12}
ANSWER: C

11. If B = {x | x is a vowel in the English alphabet}, what is B?

A. {a, b, c, d, e}
B. {a, e, i, o, u}
C. {a, e, i, o, u, y}
D. {b, c, d, f, g}
ANSWER: B

12. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {3, 4, 5}, what is A - B?

A. {1, 2}
B. {3, 4, 5}
C. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
D. {}
ANSWER: A

13. If U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} and A = {2, 4, 6, 8}, what is A'?

A. {1, 2, 3, 4}
B. {2, 4, 6, 8}
C. {1, 3, 5, 7}
D. {}
ANSWER: C

14. What is the number of subsets of A = {x, y, z}?

A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 10
ANSWER: C

15. The number of elements in the power set of {1,2,3,4} is:

A. 8
B. 12
C. 16
D. 20
ANSWER: C

16. If a set has 5 elements, how many subsets does it have?

A. 10
B. 16
C. 25
D. 32
ANSWER: D

17. Which of the following is an infinite set?

A. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
B. {x | x is a natural number}
C. {a, b, c, d}
D. {}
ANSWER: B
18. The intersection of two disjoint sets is:
A. The universal set
B. The null set
C. The union of the sets
D. The complement of the sets
ANSWER: B

19. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {2, 3, 4}, what is A ∩ B?

A. {1,2,3,4}
B. {2,3}
C. {1,4}
D. {1,2,3}
ANSWER: B

20. If A = {a, b, c} and B = {b, c, d}, what is A ∪ B?

A. {a, b, c, d}
B. {b, c}
C. {a, d}
D. {a, b, c}
ANSWER: A

21. If A = {2, 4, 6, 8} and B = {3, 6, 9}, what is A ∪ B?

A. {2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9}
B. {6}
C. {2, 4, 6, 8, 3, 9}
D. {3, 4, 8, 9}
ANSWER: A

22. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {4, 5, 6}, what is A ∩ B?

A. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
B. {1, 2, 3}
C. {4, 5, 6}
D. {}
ANSWER: D

23. If A = {x | x is a multiple of 3} and B = {x | x is a multiple of 5}, what is

A ∩ B?
A. {x | x is a multiple of 15}
B. {x | x is a multiple of 3}
C. {x | x is a multiple of 5}
D. {x | x is a multiple of 10}
ANSWER: A

24. If A = {1, 3, 5, 7} and B = {1, 2, 3, 4}, what is A - B?

A. {5, 7}
B. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7}
C. {1, 3}
D. {2, 4}
ANSWER: A

25. If U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} and A = {1, 3, 5, 7}, what is A'?

A. {2, 4, 6, 8}
B. {1, 3, 5, 7}
C. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
D. {}
ANSWER: A

26. If A = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} and B = {3, 6, 9, 12}, what is A ∩ B?

A. {6}
B. {3, 6, 9, 12}
C. {2, 4, 8, 10}
D. {2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12}
ANSWER: A

27. If A = {x | x is a prime number} and B = {x | x is an odd number}, what

is A ∩ B?
A. {2}
B. {x | x is an odd prime number}
C. {x | x is an even prime number}
D. {}
ANSWER: B

28. How many elements are there in the power set of {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}?
A. 10
B. 16
C. 25
D. 32
ANSWER: D
29. The universal set contains the numbers from 1 to 20. If A = {2, 4, 6, 8,
10}, what is A'?
A. {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19}
B. {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
C. {12, 14, 16, 18, 20}
D. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
ANSWER: A

30. The number of subsets of a set with 6 elements is:

A. 32
B. 64
C. 128
D. 256
ANSWER: B

31. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, what is A ∩ B?

A. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
B. {4, 5}
C. {6, 7, 8}
D. {1, 2, 3}
ANSWER: B

32. If A = {x | x is an even number} and B = {x | x is a multiple of 5}, what

is A ∩ B?
A. {10, 20, 30, 40, 50}
B. {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
C. {5, 10, 15, 20}
D. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
ANSWER: A

33. A U B means:
A. The intersection of A and B
B. The difference of A and B
C. The union of A and B
D. The complement of A
ANSWER: C

34. The intersection of two disjoint sets is:

A. The universal set
B. The null set
C. The set itself
D. The difference of the sets
ANSWER: B

35. In a group of 50 students, 30 like Mathematics, 25 like Science, and 10

like both. How many students like neither?
A. 5
B. 10
C. 15
D. 20
ANSWER: C

36. In a group of 100 students, 60 study English, 50 study Math, and 20

study both. How many study neither?
A. 10
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40
ANSWER: C

37. In a class of 40 students, 28 play basketball, 18 play soccer, and 10 play

both. How many students play neither?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 8
ANSWER: B

38. If in a survey, 200 people like tea, 150 like coffee, and 100 like both, how
many people like only tea?
A. 50
B. 100
C. 200
D. 250
ANSWER: B

39. In a survey of 120 people, 80 like apples, 50 like bananas, and 30 like
both. How many people like only bananas?
A. 10
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40
ANSWER: B

40. In a school, 80 students play football, 60 play basketball, and 30 play

both. How many students play either football or basketball?
A. 100
B. 110
C. 120
D. 130
ANSWER: B

41. If U = {1, 2, 3, ..., 20} and A = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}, what is A'?

A. {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19}
B. {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
C. {12, 14, 16, 18, 20}
D. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
ANSWER: A

42. In a group of 200 people, 120 like basketball, 100 like volleyball, and 50
like both. How many like either?
A. 170
B. 180
C. 190
D. 200
ANSWER: B

43. If p is "It is raining" and q is "I will bring an umbrella," what is the logical

A. p ∧ q
expression for "If it is raining, then I will bring an umbrella"?

B. p ∨ q
C. p → q
D. p ↔ q
ANSWER: C

44. The contrapositive of "If it is sunny, then I will go outside" is:

A. If I will go outside, then it is sunny.
B. If I do not go outside, then it is not sunny.
C. If it is not sunny, then I will not go outside.
D. If it is sunny, then I will not go outside.
ANSWER: C

A. p ∧ ¬p
45. Which of the following is a tautology?

B. p ∨ ¬p
C. p → ¬p
D. p ↔ ¬p
ANSWER: B

46. What is the negation of the statement "All students passed the exam"?
A. Some students did not pass the exam.
B. No students passed the exam.
C. All students failed the exam.
D. Some students passed the exam.
ANSWER: A

47. If p is true and q is false, what is the truth value of p ∧ q?

A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B

48. If p is false and q is true, what is the truth value of p ∨ q?

A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A

49. What is the equivalent statement of ¬(p ∧ q)?

A. ¬p ∧ ¬q
B. ¬p ∨ ¬q
C. p ∨ q
D. p ∧ q
ANSWER: B

50. What is the logical equivalent of "If it does not rain, then I will go
outside"?
A. If I do not go outside, then it will rain.
B. If I go outside, then it does not rain.
C. If it rains, then I will not go outside.
D. If it does not rain, then I will not go outside.
ANSWER: C

51. In a class of 120 students, 80 like soccer, 70 like basketball, and 40 like
both. How many students like only soccer?
A. 30
B. 40
C. 50
D. 60
ANSWER: C

52. A survey shows that 90 people like pizza, 80 like burgers, and 50 like
both. How many like only one of the two foods?
A. 50
B. 60
C. 70
D. 80
ANSWER: C

53. In a group of 200 students, 110 study Physics, 90 study Chemistry, and
50 study both. How many students study neither subject?
A. 30
B. 40
C. 50
D. 60
ANSWER: B

54. If 300 people were surveyed, 180 like tea, 160 like coffee, and 100 like
both, how many like at least one beverage?
A. 240
B. 260
C. 280
D. 300
ANSWER: B

55. Out of 100 students, 70 like pop music, 60 like rock music, and 40 like
both. How many students like neither genre?
A. 10
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40
ANSWER: B

56. In a club of 150 members, 90 play tennis, 80 play badminton, and 40

play both. How many members play only one sport?
A. 70
B. 80
C. 90
D. 100
ANSWER: D

57. A school has 500 students. 300 study Science, 250 study English, and
150 study both. How many students study neither subject?
A. 50
B. 100
C. 150
D. 200
ANSWER: B

58. In a sports event, 400 people attended. 250 watched football, 200
watched basketball, and 100 watched both. How many watched only one
sport?
A. 150
B. 200
C. 250
D. 300
ANSWER: D

59. A survey found that 120 people like reading fiction, 100 like reading non-
fiction, and 70 like both. How many like at least one type of book?
A. 130
B. 140
C. 150
D. 160
ANSWER: B

60. If 200 students were surveyed, 130 like ice cream, 90 like cake, and 50
like both. How many students like neither?
A. 20
B. 30
C. 40
D. 50
ANSWER: C

61. In a university, 400 students were surveyed. 220 study Mathematics, 190
study Physics, and 120 study both. How many study only one subject?
A. 170
B. 190
C. 210
D. 230
ANSWER: C

62. A group of 600 people was surveyed. 350 prefer cats, 300 prefer dogs,
and 200 like both. How many people like neither?
A. 150
B. 200
C. 250
D. 300
ANSWER: C

63. Out of 80 employees, 50 use Microsoft Excel, 40 use Google Sheets, and
30 use both. How many use at least one spreadsheet software?
A. 60
B. 70
C. 80
D. 90
ANSWER: B

64. A survey shows that 100 people like action movies, 90 like comedy, and
50 like both. How many like only one type?
A. 70
B. 80
C. 90
D. 100
ANSWER: C

65. In a conference, 500 attendees were surveyed. 300 attended Workshop

A, 250 attended Workshop B, and 150 attended both. How many attended at
least one workshop?
A. 350
B. 400
C. 450
D. 500
ANSWER: B

66. In a class of 90 students, 50 study Biology, 40 study Chemistry, and 30

study both. How many students study at least one subject?
A. 60
B. 70
C. 80
D. 90
ANSWER: B

67. A survey found that 75 people like sushi, 65 like ramen, and 40 like both.
How many like only one of the two foods?
A. 40
B. 50
C. 60
D. 70
ANSWER: C

68. In a school of 500 students, 300 play soccer, 250 play basketball, and
200 play both. How many students play neither sport?
A. 50
B. 100
C. 150
D. 200
ANSWER: C

69. A bookstore surveyed 600 customers. 400 buy fiction books, 300 buy
non-fiction, and 200 buy both. How many buy only one type of book?
A. 200
B. 300
C. 400
D. 500
ANSWER: B

70. Among 100 survey respondents, 60 like swimming, 50 like running, and
30 like both. How many like neither sport?
A. 10
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40
ANSWER: B

71. The contrapositive of the statement "If it rains, then the ground is wet"
is:
A. If the ground is wet, then it rains.
B. If the ground is not wet, then it does not rain.
C. If it does not rain, then the ground is not wet.
D. If the ground is not wet, then it does not rain.
ANSWER: D

72. The negation of "All students passed the test" is:

A. No students passed the test.
B. Some students did not pass the test.
C. Every student failed the test.
D. Not all students took the test.
ANSWER: B

73. Which of the following is logically equivalent to "If P, then Q"?

A. If Q, then P.
B. If not P, then not Q.
C. If not Q, then not P.
D. P if and only if Q.
ANSWER: C

74. The statement "If I study, then I will pass" is logically equivalent to:
A. If I do not pass, then I did not study.
B. If I do not study, then I will pass.
C. If I pass, then I studied.
D. If I study, then I will fail.
ANSWER: A

75. The biconditional statement "P if and only if Q" is equivalent to:
A. P or Q
B. If P then Q, and if Q then P
C. If not P then not Q
D. P and Q are unrelated
ANSWER: B
76. The inverse of "If it is hot, then I drink water" is:
A. If it is not hot, then I do not drink water.
B. If I do not drink water, then it is not hot.
C. If I drink water, then it is hot.
D. If it is hot, then I do not drink water.
ANSWER: A

77. The negation of "Some people like ice cream" is:

A. No one likes ice cream.
B. Some people dislike ice cream.
C. Everyone likes ice cream.
D. Ice cream does not exist.
ANSWER: A

78. The statement "If today is Monday, then tomorrow is Tuesday" is true
when:
A. Today is Monday and tomorrow is Tuesday.
B. Today is not Monday and tomorrow is not Tuesday.
C. Today is not Monday.
D. Today is Monday and tomorrow is not Tuesday.
ANSWER: C

79. The statement "If x is even, then x is divisible by 2" is:

A. Always true
B. Sometimes true
C. Never true
D. True only for odd numbers
ANSWER: A

80. The converse of "If it is raining, then the ground is wet" is:
A. If the ground is wet, then it is raining.
B. If it is not raining, then the ground is dry.
C. If the ground is dry, then it is not raining.
D. If the ground is not wet, then it is not raining.
ANSWER: A

81. Which statement is logically equivalent to "P → Q"?

A. Q → P
B. ¬Q → ¬P
C. ¬P → ¬Q
D. P ∨ ¬Q
ANSWER: B

82. The negation of "If P, then Q" is:

A. P and not Q
B. Not P and Q
C. P or not Q
D. Not P or Q
ANSWER: A

83. If a statement is a tautology, then it is:

A. Always false
B. Always true
C. Sometimes true
D. Never true
ANSWER: B

84. The contrapositive of "If a number is prime, then it is odd" is:

A. If a number is not prime, then it is not odd.
B. If a number is even, then it is not prime.
C. If a number is not odd, then it is not prime.
D. If a number is not prime, then it is odd.
ANSWER: C

85. The statement "If it is sunny, then we go outside" is false when:

A. It is not sunny and we do not go outside.
B. It is sunny and we do not go outside.
C. It is not sunny and we go outside.
D. It is sunny and we go outside.
ANSWER: B

86. The negation of "If you study, then you will pass" is:
A. If you do not study, then you will not pass.
B. You studied, but you did not pass.
C. You passed even though you did not study.
D. If you pass, then you studied.
ANSWER: B

87. The statement "P or Q" is false when:

A. P is true and Q is true.
B. P is true and Q is false.
C. P is false and Q is false.
D. P is false and Q is true.
ANSWER: C

88. Which is NOT logically equivalent to "P → Q"?

B. ¬P ∨ Q
A. ¬Q → ¬P

C. ¬(P ∧ ¬Q)
D. P ∧ ¬Q
ANSWER: D

89. The statement "P and Q" is false when:

A. P is true and Q is true.
B. P is false and Q is true.
C. P is true and Q is false.
D. Both B and C
ANSWER: D

A. ¬P ∨ Q
90. The statement "P → Q" is logically equivalent to which of the following?

B. P ∨ ¬Q
C. P ∧ Q
D. P ∨ Q
ANSWER: A

91. The result of (1 AND 0) OR 1 is:

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. Undefined
ANSWER: B

92. The Boolean expression (A OR B) AND NOT A is equivalent to:

A. A
B. B
C. A AND B
D. NOT B
ANSWER: B
93. If P = true and Q = false, what is the result of (P ^ Q) V Q?
A. True
B. False
C. Undefined
D. Neither true nor false
ANSWER: B

94. The truth table of XOR (exclusive OR) is false when:

A. Both inputs are true
B. Both inputs are false
C. Inputs are different
D. Both A and B
ANSWER: D

95. The expression (A AND B) OR (NOT A AND NOT B) represents which logic
operation?
A. XOR
B. XNOR
C. AND
D. OR
ANSWER: B

96. Which of the following is NOT a Boolean operator?

A. AND
B. OR
C. XOR
D. SUM
ANSWER: D

97. In Boolean algebra, A + A = ?

A. A
B. 0
C. 1
D. NOT A
ANSWER: A

98. The complement of (A AND B) is:

A. A OR B
B. NOT A OR NOT B
C. A AND NOT B
D. NOT A AND NOT B
ANSWER: B

99. The identity element of the AND operation is:

A. 0
B. 1
C. A
D. NOT A
ANSWER: B

100. The result of (1 OR 0) AND (0 OR 0) is:

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. Undefined
ANSWER: A

101. What is the branch of mathematics dealing with data collection,

analysis, interpretation, and presentation?
A. Algebra
B. Calculus
C. Statistics
D. Geometry
ANSWER: C

102. The entire group of individuals or items being studied in a statistical

survey is called:
A. Sample
B. Population
C. Variable
D. Parameter
ANSWER: B

103. A characteristic or attribute that can assume different values in a data

set is called:
A. Constant
B. Variable
C. Sample
D. Experiment
ANSWER: B
104. The numerical measure that describes a sample is called:
A. Parameter
B. Statistic
C. Population
D. Variable
ANSWER: B

105. The numerical measure that describes a population is called:

A. Statistic
B. Parameter
C. Sample
D. Variable
ANSWER: B

106. What type of statistics involves organizing, summarizing, and displaying

data?
A. Inferential Statistics
B. Predictive Statistics
C. Descriptive Statistics
D. Probability Statistics
ANSWER: C

107. Which term refers to the likelihood of an event occurring?

A. Mean
B. Probability
C. Standard Deviation
D. Variance
ANSWER: B

108. What is the study of statistical methods used to draw conclusions from
a data set?
A. Descriptive Statistics
B. Inferential Statistics
C. Qualitative Statistics
D. Data Sampling
ANSWER: B

109. A graphical representation of data distribution is called:

A. Mean
B. Histogram
C. Probability
D. Standard Deviation
ANSWER: B

110. Which of the following best describes a frequency distribution?

A. A list that shows data values with their corresponding frequencies
B. A measure of central tendency
C. A type of random variable
D. A probability model
ANSWER: A

111. The number of students in a classroom is an example of:

A. Continuous Data
B. Discrete Data
C. Qualitative Data
D. Ordinal Data
ANSWER: B

112. The weight of a newborn baby is an example of:

A. Discrete Data
B. Continuous Data
C. Categorical Data
D. Nominal Data
ANSWER: B

113. The number of cars in a parking lot is an example of:

A. Discrete Data
B. Continuous Data
C. Ordinal Data
D. Ratio Data
ANSWER: A

114. A person's height in centimeters is an example of:

A. Discrete Data
B. Continuous Data
C. Nominal Data
D. Qualitative Data
ANSWER: B
115. The amount of time taken to complete a race is an example of:
A. Discrete Data
B. Continuous Data
C. Ordinal Data
D. Nominal Data
ANSWER: B

116. What level of measurement categorizes data without any rank or order?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
ANSWER: A

117. Which measurement scale represents data in ordered categories but

lacks a true zero?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
ANSWER: C

118. Temperature in degrees Celsius is an example of which scale of

measurement?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
ANSWER: C

119. Which of the following scales has a true zero and allows for meaningful
ratio comparisons?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
ANSWER: D

120. The ranking of students in a class based on their grades is an example

of:
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
ANSWER: B

121. The mean of the data set {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} is:

A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
ANSWER: B

122. The median of {3, 5, 7, 9, 11} is:

A. 5
B. 7
C. 9
D. 11
ANSWER: B

123. The mode of {4, 4, 6, 7, 8, 4, 9} is:

A. 4
B. 6
C. 7
D. 9
ANSWER: A

124. If a dataset has no repeated values, its mode is:

A. The highest value
B. The lowest value
C. Undefined
D. Zero
ANSWER: C

125. Find the mean of {10, 15, 20, 25, 30}.

A. 15
B. 20
C. 25
D. 30
ANSWER: B
126. The median of {12, 14, 18, 22, 26} is:
A. 14
B. 18
C. 22
D. 26
ANSWER: B

127. Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme values?

A. Mean
B. Median
C. Mode
D. Range
ANSWER: A

128. The mode of {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6} is:

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5 and 6
D. No mode
ANSWER: C

129. The mean of {2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5} is:

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 3.5
ANSWER: D

130. The median of {8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25} is:
A. 10
B. 12
C. 15
D. 20
ANSWER: B

131. What is the median of the data set: 12, 7, 9, 5, 15?

A) 9
B) 7
C) 8
D) 12
ANSWER: A

132. The data set consists of: 3, 6, 8, 10, 15. What is the mode of the data?
A) 3
B) 6
C) 10
D) There is no mode
ANSWER: D

133. What is the position of the 3rd quartile (Q3) in a data set with 9 values?
A) 6th position
B) 7th position
C) 8th position
D) 9th position
ANSWER: B

134. If a data set has the values 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25, what is the first
quartile (Q1)?
A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 12.5
ANSWER: B

135. What is the percentile rank of a score of 85 in the data set: 80, 85, 90,
95, 100?
A) 40th percentile
B) 60th percentile
C) 50th percentile
D) 70th percentile
ANSWER: B

136. Given the data set 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, what is the variance?
A) 6
B) 4
C) 8
D) 5
ANSWER: B
137. The data set is: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9. What is the standard deviation?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 2.58
D) 2.83
ANSWER: A

138. In a data set of 10 values, the sum of squares is 200 and the mean is
10. What is the variance?
A) 10
B) 20
C) 15
D) 25
ANSWER: B

139. Which of the following statements is true about the coefficient of

variation?
A) It is always greater than 1.
B) It is a measure of relative variability.
C) It has units of measurement.
D) It is only used for normal distributions.
ANSWER: B

140. What is the range of the data set: 5, 12, 17, 8, 19?
A) 19
B) 12
C) 14
D) 9
ANSWER: C

141. What is the expected value of the random variable X with the
probability distribution: P(X=1) = 0.2, P(X=2) = 0.3, P(X=3) = 0.5?
A) 2.2
B) 2.5
C) 2.8
D) 3.0
ANSWER: A

142. A fair die is rolled. What is the expected value of the number shown?
A) 3.5
B) 4.5
C) 3.0
D) 2.5
ANSWER: A

143. The random variable X has the probability distribution: P(X=0) = 0.4,
P(X=1) = 0.6. What is the variance of X?
A) 0.24
B) 0.36
C) 0.44
D) 0.12
ANSWER: A

144. If the mean of a random variable is 5 and the variance is 4, what is the
standard deviation?
A) 2
B) 5
C) 4
D) 3
ANSWER: A

145. A coin is flipped 3 times, and X is the number of heads. What is the
expected value of X?
A) 0.5
B) 1
C) 1.5
D) 2
ANSWER: C

146. The probability distribution of a random variable X is given by: P(X=1) =

0.4, P(X=2) = 0.6. What is the expected value of X?
A) 1.4
B) 1.6
C) 2
D) 1
ANSWER: B

147. If a random variable X has values 1, 2, and 3 with probabilities 0.3, 0.5,
and 0.2, respectively, what is the variance of X?
A) 0.72
B) 0.55
C) 0.48
D) 0.68
ANSWER: A

148. What is the expected value of a random variable that takes the values
4, 6, and 8 with probabilities 0.2, 0.5, and 0.3, respectively?
A) 6.2
B) 5.8
C) 6.0
D) 7.0
ANSWER: A

149. A random variable X has the following probability distribution: P(X=0) =

0.1, P(X=1) = 0.5, P(X=2) = 0.4. What is the expected value?
A) 1.4
B) 1.1
C) 1.0
D) 0.8
ANSWER: A

150. What is the variance of a random variable with values 1, 2, and 3, and
corresponding probabilities 0.2, 0.5, and 0.3, respectively?
A) 0.56
B) 0.72
C) 0.64
D) 0.48
ANSWER: B

151. How many different ways can 4 books be arranged on a shelf?

A) 12
B) 24
C) 16
D) 10
ANSWER: B

152. A committee of 5 members is to be formed from a group of 8 people.

How many different committees can be formed?
A) 56
B) 40
C) 70
D) 90
ANSWER: C

153. In how many ways can 3 people be selected from a group of 7?

A) 35
B) 21
C) 15
D) 28
ANSWER: B

154. How many different ways can a president, vice-president, and secretary
be selected from a group of 6 people?
A) 120
B) 36
C) 60
D) 72
ANSWER: A

155. A box contains 3 red balls and 2 green balls. How many different ways
can 2 balls be selected from the box?
A) 5
B) 6
C) 4
D) 3
ANSWER: B

156. A lock consists of 4 digits, and each digit can be any number from 0 to
9. How many different lock combinations are possible?
A) 1000
B) 10000
C) 100000
D) 1000000
ANSWER: B

157. A team of 4 students needs to be selected from a class of 12. How

many different ways can the team be selected?
A) 495
B) 4950
C) 1210
D) 10
ANSWER: A

158. How many ways can a password be formed using 3 letters followed by 4
digits, where each letter can be any of the 26 letters and each digit can be
any number from 0 to 9?
A) 26^3 × 10^4
B) 26^4 × 10^3
C) 26^4 × 10^4
D) 26^3 × 10^3
ANSWER: A

159. How many ways can you arrange the letters of the word "STATISTICS"?
A) 5040
B) 3024
C) 1512
D) 181440
ANSWER: B

160. How many different 5-digit numbers can be formed using the digits 1, 2,
3, 4, 5 if repetition of digits is allowed?
A) 3125
B) 2500
C) 1250
D) 5000
ANSWER: A

161. How many ways can 4 people be arranged in a line from a group of 8
people?
A) 1680
B) 2560
C) 5040
D) 3024
ANSWER: A

162. How many different 3-digit numbers can be formed from the digits 1, 2,
3, 4, 5, if repetition is not allowed?
A) 60
B) 100
C) 120
D) 150
ANSWER: C

163. In how many ways can 5 books be selected and arranged from a set of
10 books?
A) 30240
B) 15120
C) 5040
D) 3628800
ANSWER: B

164. How many ways can 3 distinct objects be chosen from a set of 8 distinct
objects?
A) 56
B) 56
C) 72
D) 84
ANSWER: A

165. From a group of 6 men and 5 women, how many ways can a committee
of 4 people be chosen, consisting of 2 men and 2 women?
A) 75
B) 60
C) 100
D) 90
ANSWER: A

166. How many ways can 3 distinct objects be selected and arranged in a
sequence from a set of 5 objects?
A) 120
B) 60
C) 72
D) 30
ANSWER: B

167. In how many ways can 6 people be seated in a row of 6 chairs?

A) 720
B) 60
C) 360
D) 240
ANSWER: A

168. From a group of 10 people, how many ways can a president, vice
president, and secretary be chosen?
A) 720
B) 100
C) 500
D) 250
ANSWER: A

169. How many ways can 5 cards be selected from a deck of 52 cards?
A) 2598960
B) 255024
C) 16151
D) 235357
ANSWER: A

170. A box contains 6 red balls, 4 blue balls, and 5 green balls. How many
ways can 2 balls be selected if they must be of different colors?
A) 60
B) 75
C) 45
D) 100
ANSWER: B

171. What is the probability of drawing an Ace from a standard deck of

cards?
A) 1/52
B) 1/13
C) 4/52
D) 4/13
ANSWER: C

172. A coin is flipped twice. What is the probability of getting two heads?
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/3
D) 1/6
ANSWER: B
173. A bag contains 5 red, 7 green, and 3 blue marbles. What is the
probability of drawing a green marble?
A) 7/15
B) 5/15
C) 1/3
D) 2/3
ANSWER: A

174. If two dice are rolled, what is the probability of getting a sum of 7?
A) 1/6
B) 1/12
C) 1/36
D) 1/8
ANSWER: A

175. What is the probability of drawing a face card from a standard deck of
cards?
A) 12/52
B) 1/13
C) 1/4
D) 3/13
ANSWER: A

176. A deck of cards has 52 cards. What is the probability of drawing a red
card?
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/52
D) 1/13
ANSWER: A

177. What is the probability of rolling a 4 on a fair die?

A) 1/6
B) 1/2
C) 1/12
D) 1/36
ANSWER: A

178. If a card is drawn from a standard deck, what is the probability of it

being either a heart or a spade?
A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) 1/13
D) 2/13
ANSWER: B

179. What is the probability of drawing a king or queen from a deck of cards?
A) 2/52
B) 1/26
C) 4/52
D) 8/52
ANSWER: C

180. Two cards are drawn from a deck of 52 cards without replacement. What
is the probability that both cards are queens?
A) 1/221
B) 1/169
C) 1/132
D) 1/1692
ANSWER: A

181. A hypothesis test is conducted with a null hypothesis of H0: μ = 100

and an alternative hypothesis of H1: μ ≠ 100. The p-value is 0.04. What is
the conclusion at the 0.05 significance level?
A) Reject the null hypothesis
B) Fail to reject the null hypothesis
C) The p-value is too high to conclude anything
D) We need more data
ANSWER: A

182. In a hypothesis test, if the p-value is less than the significance level α,
what is the conclusion?
A) Reject the null hypothesis
B) Fail to reject the null hypothesis
C) The data is not significant
D) More testing is needed
ANSWER: A

183. A test is conducted with a significance level of 0.01. If the p-value is

0.03, what should be the conclusion?
A) Reject the null hypothesis
B) Fail to reject the null hypothesis
C) The test is inconclusive
D) The null hypothesis is true
ANSWER: B

184. What is the type of error made when the null hypothesis is rejected, but
it is actually true?
A) Type I error
B) Type II error
C) No error
D) Data error
ANSWER: A

185. The null hypothesis in a test states that the mean of a population is
equal to 50. If the test statistic is 2.5, and the critical value at the 0.05
significance level is 2.0, what is the conclusion?
A) Reject the null hypothesis
B) Fail to reject the null hypothesis
C) The result is inconclusive
D) The sample size is too small
ANSWER: A

186. In hypothesis testing, if the p-value is very small, what does it suggest
about the null hypothesis?
A) The null hypothesis is likely true
B) The alternative hypothesis is likely true
C) The test is inconclusive
D) More data is needed
ANSWER: B

187. A hypothesis test is conducted for a population mean. The sample mean
is 45, and the hypothesized mean is 50. The test statistic is 1.8. What is the
critical value for a two-tailed test at the 0.05 significance level?
A) 1.96
B) 2.0
C) 2.5
D) 1.8
ANSWER: A
188. If the p-value is greater than the significance level in a hypothesis test,
what is the appropriate decision?
A) Reject the null hypothesis
B) Fail to reject the null hypothesis
C) Accept the alternative hypothesis
D) Collect more data
ANSWER: B

189. In a hypothesis test, if the sample size increases, what generally

happens to the p-value?
A) It increases
B) It decreases
C) It remains the same
D) It fluctuates
ANSWER: B

190. If a hypothesis test results in a p-value of 0.02, and the significance

level is 0.05, what is the conclusion?
A) Reject the null hypothesis
B) Fail to reject the null hypothesis
C) Accept the null hypothesis
D) The test is invalid
ANSWER: A

191. If a data set is said to have a negative skew, what does that mean
about the distribution?
A) The right tail is longer than the left tail
B) The left tail is longer than the right tail
C) The distribution is symmetrical
D) The mean is greater than the median
ANSWER: B

192. A distribution with a skewness of 0 is considered:

A) Symmetrical
B) Positively skewed
C) Negatively skewed
D) Bimodal
ANSWER: A

193. In a normal distribution, what is the value of the skewness?

A) -1
B) 0
C) 1
D) Undefined
ANSWER: B

194. What does a positive skewness indicate about the distribution of data?
A) The right tail is longer than the left tail
B) The left tail is longer than the right tail
C) The distribution is symmetrical
D) The distribution is bimodal
ANSWER: A

195. Kurtosis measures:

A) The skewness of a distribution
B) The symmetry of a distribution
C) The peakedness of a distribution
D) The spread of a distribution
ANSWER: C

196. A distribution with high kurtosis is characterized by:

A) A flat peak
B) A sharp peak
C) A symmetrical shape
D) A skewed shape
ANSWER: B

197. A leptokurtic distribution has:

A) A wider peak
B) A narrower peak
C) A flat peak
D) No peak
ANSWER: B

198. If a distribution is platykurtic, it means:

A) The distribution has a very peaked shape
B) The distribution has a flatter peak
C) The distribution is skewed
D) The distribution is normal
ANSWER: B
199. What is the kurtosis of a normal distribution?
A) 0
B) 3
C) 1
D) -1
ANSWER: B

200. If the kurtosis value of a distribution is greater than 3, it is said to be:

A) Platykurtic
B) Leptokurtic
C) Mesokurtic
D) Skewed
ANSWER: B