BASIC DRAWING TOOLS, MATERIALS Presented by:

& EQUIPMENT'S Dr. JONATHAN G. FRANCISCO

MASTERING THE ESSENTIALS FOR ARTISTIC Associate Professor
CREATION
OBJECTIVES
1. Understand the importance of using the right drawing tools and
materials.
2. Identify various basic drawing tools and their purposes.
3. Learn proper care and maintenance of drawing tools.
IMPORTANCE OF BASIC DRAWING TOOLS
• Enhance the quality and precision of your drawings.
• Allow for creative expression through diverse techniques.
• Improve efficiency and ease in creating art.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
1. Drawing Pencils - tools used to create
art on paper. They are made of graphite
and clay, and can be encased in wood. The
hardness of the graphite determines the
darkness of the lines created by the pencil.
- Types: Graphite, Colored, Mechanical
- Grades: Hard (H), Medium (HB), Soft (B)
- Uses: Sketching, shading, and detailing
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
2. Erasers - used to remove preliminary or
unwanted lines. An erasing shield is used to
remove a line that is close to other lines on
the drawing that are not being removed. The
shield protects the good lines. Electric erasers
are extremely useful for extensive drafting.
- Types: Kneaded, Vinyl, Rubber
- Uses: Correcting mistakes and creating
highlights
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
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3. Sharpeners - An abrasive wheel for
sharpening, polishing or grinding. a tool or
machine that makes something sharp.
- Manual vs. Electric
- Ensures clean, precise pencil points
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
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4. Rulers and Measuring Tools - a tool
used to measure the length or width of
objects, or to draw straight lines. a long,
flat, narrow piece of material with straight
edges and markings that indicate
length. The markings are called "rules" or
"hash marks". Rulers can be made of wood,
metal, or plastic.
- Uses: Straight lines, proportions, and
scaling
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
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5. Compass - an instrument for drawing

circles and arcs and measuring distances
between points, consisting of two arms
linked by a movable joint, one arm ending
in a point and the other usually carrying a
pencil or pen.
- Used for drawing precise circles and
arcs.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
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6. Scissor - hand-operated shearing tools.

A pair of scissors consists of a pair of
blades pivoted so that the sharpened
edges slide against each other when the
handles (bows) opposite to the pivot are
closed.
Scissors are used for cutting various thin
materials, such as paper, cardboard,
metal foil, cloth, rope, and wire.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
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6. Plastic Utility Knife / Cutter - A Plastic

Utility Knife is handy for putting
specialized points on your drawing
pencils. A Plastic Utility Knife can used to
create specialized points that you might
need during a drawing. I would venture a
guess and say that in the "good-ol'-days"
a pencil was most often sharpened with
some type of knife.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
(CONTINUED)
5. Divider - a pair of compasses, as used for
dividing lines , measuring, etc.
- Used to divide a line into equal parts or
space by trial and error.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
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6. Triangular Scale - a ruler that has a
3-lobed cross-section with 6 different
types of scales on the edges (2 on each
face) used for measuring and preparing
scale drawings such as blueprints and
maps. It is also called an architect's
scale.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING MATERIALS
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7. Drawing Paper - is a heavier, and
better-quality paper than sketching
paper. It is commonly used for sketching
and finished work. The ideal mediums
used with drawing paper are graphite,
charcoal, dry monochromes, soft pastel,
oil pastel, markers and pen and ink.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
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8. T - Square – is a technical drawing
instrument used by draftsman primarily as a
guide for drawing horizontal lines on
a drafting table. The instrument is named
after its resemblance to the letter T, with a
long shaft called the "blade" and a short
shaft called the "stock" or "head". T-squares
are available in a range of sizes, with
common lengths being 18 inches (460 mm),
24 inches (610 mm), 30 inches (760 mm), 36
inches (910 mm) and 42 inches (1,100 mm)
a drawing tool used in making and serve as
guides in drawing parallel horizontal lines.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
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9. Protractor – an instrument for measuring
angles, typically in the form of a
flat semicircle marked with degrees along
the curved edge. It is a semicircular tool
used to measure or layout angle/arc.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
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10. French Curve – French curves are plastic (or
wooden) templates having an edge composed of
several different curves. French curves are used
in drafting (or were before computer-aided
design) to draw smooth curves of almost any
desired curvature in mechanical drawings.
- It is used as a guide in drawing irregular curved
lines.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
(CONTINUED)
11. Erasing Shield – An erasing shield is a
thin template with holes that helps you erase
without smudging or erasing too much. It's
used by artists, calligraphers, drafters, and
typists.
Uses:
Erasing: Protects areas around the eraser so
you can erase without smudging or erasing
too much. Used to erase ink, pencil lines, and
blots located in space.
Drawing: Can be used to draw evenly-
spaced dashed lines
Stenciling: Can be used as a simple stencil
Correcting typewriting: Can be used to
correct mistakes on typewriters, especially
carbon copies
ESSENTIAL DRAWING MATERIALS TOOLS
(CONTINUED)
12. Drafting Tape – is a type of tape with a
weak adhesive that's used to secure paper
and other materials to surfaces. It's also
known as artist's tape.
Uses:
Secure paper: Drafting tape is used to
attach paper to drafting boards, light
tables, and other surfaces.
Hold lettering: Drafting tape can be used to
hold lettering in place while designing and
laying out projects.
Protect areas: Drafting tape can be used to
mask off areas that shouldn't be painted.
Label and organize: Drafting tape can be
used to label or organize sketches and
blueprints.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING MATERIALS TOOLS
(CONTINUED)
12. Glue / Paste - Paste glue is a soft, wet,
sticky substance used to stick things together. It
is also known as an adhesive, cement, or
mucilage. A paste glue is a non-metallic
substance that is applied to two surfaces to
bind them together.
Uses: Paste glue can be used for gap filling,
sealing, and attaching object.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING MATERIALS TOOLS
(CONTINUED)
12. Sandpaper Pad - Sandpaper, also known as
glass paper or as coated abrasive, is a type of
material that consists of sheets of paper or cloth
with an abrasive substance glued to one face. In
the modern manufacture of these products, sand
and glass have been replaced by other
abrasives such as aluminums oxide or silicon
carbide.
- Makes pencil points conical and long without
breaking.
ESSENTIAL DRAWING TOOLS
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13. Triangles - a drafting tool used to
draw accurate parallel lines, vertical
lines, and other angled lines.
Generally, two right-angled triangular
pieces of differing angles form one
set. On one piece, the angles are 30°,
60°, and 90°; on the other, an
isosceles triangle is formed with angles
45°, 45°, and, 90°.
ESSENTIAL EQUIPMENT DRAWING
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14 . Drafting / Drawing Table - It is a
special table with a slanted surface
that can be adjusted based on the
desired angle. It is higher than an
ordinary writing table because some
drawings, like mechanical drawing, are
usually done while the draftsman is
standing.
ESSENTIAL EQUIPMENT DRAWING
(CONTINUED)
14 . Drawing Board - a large flat
board on which paper may be spread
for artists or designers to work on.
DRAWING SURFACES
• Paper
- Types: Drawing paper, Sketch paper, Bristol board, Newsprint,
Vellum
- Selection: Based on texture, weight, and purpose

• Canvas and Boards

- Alternatives for advanced drawings
ADDITIONAL TOOLS
• Blending Tools: Stumps, Tortillons, Brushes
• Fixatives: Spray to preserve and protect drawings
• Storage Tools: Portfolios and cases for artwork safety
PROPER CARE AND MAINTENANCE
It is essential to take proper care of the drafting tools,
materials, and equipment. Below are some tips to properly use
and take care of them.
1. Avoid dropping your tools and equipment.

2. Never use measuring tools in cutting paper.

3. Wipe off the surface and edges of triangles and T-squares.

4. Sharpen and store your pencils properly after use.

5. Find or create and organizer where you can hang your

measuring tools.
6. Have a separate container for making tools.

7. Keep your drawing sheets in a plastic tube to protect them

from a dust and dirt.

8. Never lend or borrow drafting tools and materials if may.
PRACTICAL TIPS
• Experiment with different grades of pencils and papers.
• Keep a dedicated workspace for drawing.
• Practice using tools to achieve desired effects (e.g., shading with
blending stumps).
SUMMARY
Drawing tools, materials, and equipment are essential components in
the creation of accurate and effective technical drawings and artistic
designs. Their significance lies in the following key aspects, Precision and
Accuracy Efficiency, Creativity and Expression, Durability and Consistency
and Skill Development. In summary, investing in the right drawing tools,
materials, and equipment is vital for achieving professional, detailed, and
long-lasting results, whether for educational, artistic, or technical purposes.
• Basic drawing tools are essential for artistic development.
• Proper selection and maintenance improve the drawing process.
• Always explore and adapt tools to suit your creative needs.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Feel free to ask about specific tools or share your experiences.
 Keep experimenting
and mastering the art
of drawing and
graphic arts!

THANK YOU!