Green University of Bangladesh

Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE)

Semester: (Fall, Year: 2024), B.Sc. in CSE (Day)

PetAid Online is an web-based service

Course Title: Integrated Design Project I

Course Code:CSE 324
Section:D19

Students Details
Name ID
Mahamudul Hasan Ashik- - 221002265
Mahabubur Rahaman Shovo- - 221002281
Mijanur Rahman - - 221002527

Submission Date:23-12-24
Teacher Name : Md. Shoab Alam

[For teachers use only: Don’t write anything inside this box]

Lab Project Status

Marks: Signature:

Comments: Date:
Contents

1 Introduction 3
1.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Problem Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2 Literature Review 6

3 Methodology 7
3.1 SRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1.1 Functional Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1.2 Non-Functional Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2 SDLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.1 Model Evaluation for PetAid Online Project . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.2 Final Selection: Iterative Model, Spiral Model, and Agile Model 13
3.3 DFD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.3.1 Level 0 DFD for PetAid Online . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.3.2 Level 1 DFD for PetAid Online . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.4 UML Use Case Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.4.1 Core Features and Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.4.2 Who’s Involved and How They Work Together? . . . . . . . . . 22
3.4.3 Adoption Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.4.4 Medication Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.4.5 Education and Awareness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.4.6 Relationships in PetAid Online . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.5 UML Sequence and Communication Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.6 UML Class Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

4 Conclusion 31

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 4.1 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4.2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4.2.1 Limited Real-Time Data Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.2.2 Dependence on Internet Connectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.2.3 Scalability Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.2.4 Limited Integration with External Systems . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.2.5 Security Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.2.6 User Education and Engagement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.2.7 Veterinary Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.3 Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.3.1 System Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.3.2 Health Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.3.3 Online Consultation Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.3.4 Data Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.3.5 Testing and Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4.3.6 User Feedback and Iteration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

5 References 35

2
Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1 Overview
A comprehensive web-based Web application called PetAid Online was created to as-
sist pet owners in better managing the health of their pets. The project tackles typical
pet care issues like monitoring symptoms, spotting possible illnesses, and giving appro-
priate prescription instructions. It also has features including a section for pet adoption
and rescue, online veterinary consultations, and educational materials to raise awareness
about pet care and health.
PetAid Online’s documentation process has been methodical and has complied with
the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). To guarantee that all project goals are
precisely stated, this entails doing a thorough requirement analysis and producing a
Software Requirements Specification (SRS) document. We created Data Flow Dia-
grams (DFDs) at levels 0, 1, and 2 to help comprehend the system’s operation and flow.

1.2 Problem Domain

Pet owners and rescuers often struggle with limited access to veterinary care, high treat-
ment costs, and a lack of proper guidance on managing pet health issues like injuries,
infections, and parasites. Government-run veterinary hospitals are often overcrowded,
and private clinics are either too expensive or far from reach. This makes it challeng-
ing to provide timely care for pets and stray animals. Furthermore, there is no unified
platform to help pet owners track symptoms, understand medication use, or consult
veterinarians easily. Adoption and rescue initiatives also face difficulties in connecting
animals with potential adopters.
To address these issues, PetAid Online was designed as a reliable platform that
integrates various features into a single system. By following the Software Develop-
ment Life Cycle (SDLC), the project team conducted requirement analysis, prepared
a detailed SRS document, and created diagrams such as Data Flow (DFDs) and UML
models. These include Use Case, Sequence, and Class Diagrams, which outline the sys-
tem’s workflow and functionality. This structured development approach ensures that
PetAid Online effectively tackles the problems faced in pet care and adoption.

3
1.3 Motivation
The idea for PetAid Online arose from the need to address challenges faced by pet
owners and animal rescuers. The motivations are:

• To provide accessible veterinary support: Introduces features like symptom

tracking and online consultations to overcome limited access to veterinary care.

• To guide medication usage: Offers clear guidelines to ensure safe and proper
use of pet medicines.

• To enhance rescue efforts: Provides first-aid instructions to help treat injured or

stray animals effectively.

• To promote adoption and awareness: Connects adopters with available pets

and educates on responsible pet care.

• To bridge service gaps: Creates a reliable and affordable alternative to govern-

ment and private veterinary services.

Approach:

• PetAid Online was designed as a reliable platform that integrates various features
into a single system.

• The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) was followed, including re-
quirement analysis and preparation of a detailed SRS document.

• Diagrams such as Data Flow (DFDs) and UML models were created, including
Use Case, Sequence, and Class Diagrams, to map the system’s workflow and
functionality.

• This structured approach ensures the platform effectively tackles the problems
faced in pet care and adoption.

4
Objective
The main objectives of the PetAid Online project are as follows:

• To provide an online platform for symptom tracking: Allow pet owners to

monitor their pets’ symptoms and receive suggestions for possible diseases.

• To offer medication guidelines: Provide clear information about the proper use
of pet medicines and dosage instructions.

• To enable online veterinary consultations: Allow users to consult veterinarians

for professional advice and medical guidance.

• To support pet adoption and rescue: Facilitate the connection between potential
adopters and available pets, as well as promote animal rescue efforts.

• To raise awareness about pet health: Educate pet owners on proper care, treat-
ment, and adoption through informative content on the platform.

To address these issues, PetAid Online was designed as a reliable platform that inte-
grates various features into a single system. By following the Software Development
Life Cycle (SDLC), the project team conducted requirement analysis, prepared a de-
tailed SRS document, and created diagrams such as Data Flow (DFDs) and UML
models including Use Case, Sequence, and Class Diagrams, which outline the sys-
tem’s workflow and functionality. This structured development approach ensures that
PetAid Online effectively tackles the problems faced in pet care and adoption.

5
Chapter 2

Literature Review

PetAid Online aims to tackle important challenges in obtaining veterinary support. Al-
though there are many online veterinarians and consultation services, the level of sup-
port available online is not always well understood. In our country, various types of
veterinary support can be found, including websites and social media platforms like
Facebook and WhatsApp. These channels mainly focus on offering assistance to pet
owners. On a global scale, many online veterinary support systems share similar goals
with our project. These systems highlight how online platforms can improve access to
veterinary care, making it simpler for pet owners to find the help they need. By utiliz-
ing these findings, PetAid Online seeks to develop a well-rounded solution that fills the
existing gaps in veterinary support.

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Chapter 3

Methodology

3.1 SRS

Figure 3.1: Functional Requirement Di gram

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 Figure 3.2: Non Functional Requirement Di gram

3.1.1 Functional Requirements

• Symptom Tracker:

– Develop an interactive symptom checker to guide users through a series of

questions, helping them identify possible conditions.
– Allow users to enter symptoms and suggest potential illnesses for their pets.
– Provide initial guidance on whether the illness is an emergency.
– Offer recommendations for immediate actions or when to consult a veteri-
narian.

• Disease Identification:

– Enable users to input symptoms and receive suggestions for possible dis-
eases their pets might have.

• User Profile Management:

– Allow users to create, view, and edit their personal profile.

– Users should be able to manage their pets’ profiles, including adding, up-
dating, and deleting pet details.

• User Authentication and Registration:

– Identify users as either pet owners or rescuers.

– Allow users to sign up using email or phone number and password.
– Provide a secure login system with an option to reset passwords.

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 – Allow users to access the platform in "guest" mode for those needing infor-
mation or medication guidelines.

• Medication Dosage Guidelines:

– Provide a database with medication dosage instructions for different pets

and conditions.
– Allow users to search for specific medications and receive dosage recom-
mendations based on pet weight and age.

• Online Veterinary Consultations:

– Allow users to book virtual appointments with veterinarians for advice and
treatment.
– Enable appointment scheduling, video calls, and secure messaging between
users and veterinarians.

• Awareness, Adoption, and Rescue Promotion:

– Create a platform to promote animal shelters, adoption events, and rescue

initiatives.
– Allow users to find local shelters, view adoptable pets, and explore volunteer
or donation opportunities.

• Community Forum:

– Implement a community space for users to share experiences, tips, and ad-
vice on animal care and rescue.
– Create discussion threads and Q&A sections for user interaction.

• Feedback and Rating System:

– Allow users to provide feedback and rate their experiences with veterinari-
ans and platform services.
– Implement a rating system to enhance community trust and transparency.

• Emergency Contact Feature:

– Provide quick access to emergency contact information for local veterinary

services.
– Include a map of nearby veterinary clinics and emergency animal hospitals
with contact details and directions.

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3.1.2 Non-Functional Requirements
• Speed:

– The system should process user requests and return results within 2 seconds
for 95% of interactions to ensure responsiveness.

• Security:

– The system must implement SSL encryption for all data exchanges to pro-
tect sensitive information.
– Multi-factor authentication should be required for user accounts to enhance
security.

• Portability:

– The platform should support deployment on various cloud services (e.g.,

AWS, Azure) for flexibility.
– The design should be modular for easy updates and improvements.

• Compatibility:

– The system should integrate with at least three popular pet management apps
(e.g., PetDesk, Pawtrack) through APIs for smooth data exchange.
– Ensure the platform is compatible with the latest versions of Android and
iOS for mobile applications.

• Reliability:

– The system should maintain an uptime of 99.9% to ensure continuous avail-

ability for users.
– Include automated backups every 24 hours to safeguard user data.

• Usability:

– The user interface should be intuitive, enabling users to complete tasks (e.g.,
scheduling appointments, tracking pet health) in no more than three clicks.
– Provide in-app help documentation and tutorials.

• Maintainability:

– The codebase should follow industry best practices with comprehensive

documentation and modular design for easy updates and maintenance.
– The system should allow updates and patches to be deployed without down-
time for users.

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3.2 SDLC

Figure 3.3: Table 4.1: Comparison matrix for PetAid Online project with different
models

3.2.1 Model Evaluation for PetAid Online Project

1. Waterfall Model – Score: 16

• Suitability: The Waterfall model is structured and emphasizes documentation

and quality control, which aligns well with the stable components of PetAid On-
line, such as medication guidelines. However, its rigid nature limits its adapt-
ability, making it less suitable for handling frequent updates or integrating user
feedback.
• Score Rationale: Performs well in terms of documentation and quality control
but falls short in flexibility and accommodating user-driven changes.

2. V-Model – Score: 17

• Suitability: The V-Model, like the Waterfall model, is designed for projects with
stable requirements. It excels in validation and quality assurance, making it ap-
propriate for features such as medication guidelines. However, it struggles with
flexibility, which is critical for evolving features like health tracking and symptom
identification.
• Score Rationale: While it benefits from strong documentation and validation, it
is less effective for adapting to change or addressing emerging user needs.

3. Iterative Model – Score: 26

• Suitability: The Iterative model is well-suited for projects that require regular
updates and the integration of user feedback. PetAid Online, with its evolving
features like health tracking and medication guideline updates, would benefit
from this flexibility. The model supports a balance between iterative progress
and thorough testing, which makes it both adaptable and reliable.

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• Score Rationale: Its strengths in flexibility, user feedback integration, and cost-
effective changes make it the best fit for the project.

4. Spiral Model – Score: 23

• Suitability: The Spiral model emphasizes risk management and allows for it-
erative refinements. This is especially useful for high-risk components like dis-
ease tracking and medication management. However, the model can be resource-
intensive and time-consuming to implement.

• Score Rationale: Strong in risk management and flexibility but slightly more
complex and costly than the Iterative model.

5. Agile Model – Score: 19

• Suitability: The Agile model offers flexibility and adaptability, making it suitable
for projects requiring continuous updates and user involvement. For PetAid On-
line, it can keep features like adoption tracking and awareness campaigns aligned
with changing user demands. However, it may lack the structured documentation
necessary for accurate medical information.

• Score Rationale: Agile excels in user feedback integration and flexibility but is
less suited for maintaining detailed documentation for medical guidelines.

6. Prototyping Model – Score: 14

• Suitability: The Prototyping model allows for quick iterations and immediate
feedback, which is useful for testing features such as disease tracking. However,
it is not ideal for a fully-developed platform like PetAid Online due to its insuffi-
cient focus on detailed documentation and quality control.

• Score Rationale: Scores poorly in terms of documentation and quality assurance,

making it unsuitable for primary development.

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3.2.2 Final Selection: Iterative Model, Spiral Model, and Agile
Model
Based on the evaluation, the Iterative Model (Score: 26), Spiral Model (Score: 23),
and Agile Model (Score: 19) emerge as the top choices for the PetAid Online project.
Together, these models provide a comprehensive framework that balances flexibility,
risk management, and the integration of user feedback.
Iterative Model (Score: 26) The Iterative model is ideal for projects like PetAid
Online, which require frequent updates. Its approach allows for continuous develop-
ment, enabling the team to refine features like symptom trackers and disease identifica-
tion tools based on feedback from veterinarians and pet owners. Its blend of flexibility
and structure ensures effective testing and alignment with project goals, reducing the
cost and complexity of updates.
Spiral Model (Score: 23) The Spiral model’s emphasis on risk management makes
it an excellent choice for high-risk components such as medication guidelines and health
consultation features. By incorporating risk analysis into every development cycle, this
model helps address issues like data inaccuracies early in the process. While it is more
complex and time-consuming, its ability to mitigate risks is invaluable, especially for
projects involving sensitive data.
Agile Model (Score: 19) The Agile model is known for its adaptability and rapid
user feedback incorporation, making it ideal for features like adoption and rescue data
modules, as well as awareness campaigns. Its iterative approach ensures that the plat-
form remains dynamic and responsive. While Agile’s lack of focus on detailed docu-
mentation can be a drawback for medical accuracy, combining it with more structured
models like Iterative or Spiral creates a hybrid approach that balances speed and flexi-
bility with rigorous documentation and quality control.

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3.3 DFD

3.3.1 Level 0 DFD for PetAid Online

Figure 3.4: Level 0 DFD for PetAid Online

External Entities

• Pet Owners/Rescuers

– Input: Symptoms, consultation requests, adoption/rescue details.

– Output: Disease suggestions, first-aid guidelines, veterinarian responses,
educational content.

• Veterinarians

– Input: Medical consultation responses, updates to guidelines.

– Output: Consultation requests, symptom data.

• Welfare Organizations

– Input: Adoption/rescue support details, availability of rescued animals.

– Output: Adoption statistics, rescue requests, and other updates.

Data Flows
• Pet Owners/Rescuers → PetAid Online System:

– Symptoms

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 – Consultation Requests
– Adoption/Rescue Details

• PetAid Online System → Pet Owners/Rescuers:

– Disease Suggestions
– First-Aid Guidelines
– Veterinarian Responses
– Educational Content

• Veterinarians → PetAid Online System:

– Medical Consultation Responses

– Updates to Medical Guidelines

• PetAid Online System → Veterinarians:

– Consultation Requests
– Symptom Data

• Welfare Organizations → PetAid Online System:

– Adoption/Rescue Support Details

– Rescued Animal Availability

• PetAid Online System → Welfare Organizations:

– Adoption Statistics
– Rescue Requests

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3.3.2 Level 1 DFD for PetAid Online

Figure 3.5: Level 1 DFD for PetAid Online

• Pet Owners/Rescuers:

– Provide inputs such as symptoms, consultation requests, and adoption/rescue

details.

• Veterinarians:

– Respond to consultation requests and provide medical guidelines.

• Welfare Organizations:

16
 – Provide details about rescue/adoption support and receive updates on adop-
tion statistics and rescue requests.

Processes

• 1.0 Symptom Tracker:

– Processes input symptoms and provides probable disease suggestions.

• 2.0 First-Aid and Medication Guidelines:

– Offers first-aid steps and medication dosages.

• 3.0 Online Consultation:

– Facilitates consultations with veterinarians (via chat or video).

• 4.0 Adoption and Rescue Platform:

– Matches available pets with adopters and manages rescue details.

• 5.0 Awareness and Education:

– Provides educational content about pet care and health.

• 6.0 Welfare Collaboration:

– Facilitates communication between welfare organizations, rescuers, and adopters

for better rescue and adoption operations.

• 7.0 User Management:

– Handles user registrations, authentications, and profile updates.

Data Stores

• Symptom Data Store:

– Stores user-input symptoms and health histories.

• Medication Guidelines Store:

– Contains information on medication dosages and first-aid procedures.

• Consultation Records Store:

– Logs veterinarian consultations and responses.

• Adoption and Rescue Store:

– Keeps records of pets available for adoption or rescue.

• Educational Content Store:

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 – Hosts awareness materials like blogs, videos, and FAQs.

• User Data Store:

– Stores user profiles, login details, and authentication records.

• Welfare Collaboration Data Store:

– Keeps track of welfare organizations’ activities, available resources, and col-

laboration records.

Data Flows

• Pet Owners/Rescuers → Symptom Tracker:

– Submit symptoms.

• Symptom Tracker → Symptom Data Store:

– Saves symptom details and probable disease outcomes.

• Symptom Data Store → First-Aid and Medication Guidelines:

– Fetches related medication suggestions.

• Pet Owners/Rescuers → Online Consultation:

– Request consultations.

• Veterinarians → Consultation Records Store:

– Add consultation responses.

• Pet Owners/Rescuers → Adoption and Rescue Platform:

– Manage pet adoption/rescue data.

• Awareness and Education → Educational Content Store:

– Access educational resources.

• Welfare Organizations → Welfare Collaboration:

– Provide details about rescued pets or adoption resources.

• Welfare Collaboration → Welfare Collaboration Data Store:

– Store collaboration details and resource availability.

• Welfare Collaboration → Adoption and Rescue Platform:

– Send adoption or rescue updates.

• User Management → User Data Store:

– Add or update user profiles, including login data.

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• Pet Owners/Rescuers → User Management:

– Register or log in to access system features.

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3.4 UML Use Case Diagram

Figure 3.6: UML Use Case Diagram for PetAid Online

The sequence diagram illustrates how objects in the PetAid Online system interact
over time. It highlights the communication flow between different modules to ensure
efficient processing of user requests.

Key Actors and Their Roles

Pet Owner

• Inputs symptoms of their pets to monitor health.

• Schedules reservations for veterinarian consultations.

• Requests adoption or lists pets for adoption.

Rescuer

• Registers on the system to list rescued pets for adoption.

• Uses the symptoms tracker and welfare features to assist animals.

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Guest User

• Can access limited features without registration, such as browsing general pet
care and welfare information.

Veterinarian

• Provides online consultations for pet health.

• Responds to reservation requests for health checkups.

• Offers medication guidelines and medical advice.

Welfare Organization

• Collaborates on adoption services.

• Participates in spreading awareness about pet health and welfare.

3.4.1 Core Features and Systems

Authentication System

• Handles user registrations and logins.

• Includes a Guest Mode for unregistered users to explore basic services.

Symptoms Tracker System

• Allows users to input symptoms of their pets.

• Provides results with probable diseases or conditions based on the symptoms.

Online Veterinarian System

• Reservation Scheduling: Enables pet owners to schedule online vet consultations.

• Video Consultations: Facilitates virtual meetings with veterinarians.

• Canceling Reservations: Allows users to modify or cancel their appointments.

Adoption System

• Request Adoption: Lets pet owners or rescuers request adoptions.

• Listing Pets for Adoption: Displays available pets for adoption.

• Result of Adoption Requests: Shows the status or outcome of adoption inquiries.

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Medication Guidelines

• Offers detailed instructions and rules about pet medications.

Pet Health Care Awareness

• Promotes welfare and educates users about pet care best practices.

Platform Interactions

PetAid Online Platform connects all the actors and features, ensuring smooth interac-
tions. Veterinarians and welfare organizations are integral to the system for professional
advice and collaborative welfare efforts.

3.4.2 Who’s Involved and How They Work Together?

Pet Owners

• Check their pet’s health by entering symptoms.

• Book appointments with vets online.

• Give pets up for adoption or look for new ones to adopt.

Rescuers

• Register rescued pets for adoption.

• Use the health tracker to understand an animal’s condition.

• Share information with welfare organizations for better care.

Vets (Veterinarians)

• Provide online advice and video consultations.

• Help with health checkups and medication guidelines.

• Support adoption by making sure pets are healthy.

Welfare Organizations

• Support adoption processes.

• Spread awareness about pet health and proper care.

• Work alongside rescuers to ensure pets find safe homes.

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Guest Users

• Explore basic features.

• Learn about pet care and health.

How Do the Features Connect?

Health Tracking

• A pet owner or rescuer enters a pet’s symptoms (e.g., coughing, loss of appetite).

• The system processes the info and shows possible issues or diseases.

• If needed, they can book a vet appointment directly.

Online Vet Services

• If a pet owner schedules a consultation, the vet gets notified.

• They meet online via video calls, making it easier than visiting in person.

• If plans change, users can cancel or reschedule appointments without any fuss.

3.4.3 Adoption Services

• The system shows a list of animals needing homes.

• Users can register pets for adoption, and welfare organizations help spread the
word.

3.4.4 Medication Guidelines

• Once a vet consultation happens, the vet provides clear rules for medicines, so
pet owners know exactly what to do.

3.4.5 Education and Awareness

• The platform shares tips on pet health, food, and common diseases, so users feel
confident in taking care of animals.

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3.4.6 Relationships in PetAid Online
• Pet Owners ↔ Vets: Pet owners rely on vets for advice, and vets depend on
accurate information from owners to help pets.

• Rescuers ↔ Welfare Organizations: Rescuers find stray animals, and welfare

organizations help them find homes or get medical care.

• Platform ↔ Everyone: The platform acts as a bridge, connecting pet owners,

rescuers, vets, and organizations to make sure pets are happy and healthy.

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3.5 UML Sequence and Communication Diagram
v

Figure 3.7: UML Sequence and Communication Diagram

4.2 Key Participants (Lifelines)

• Part-owner/Rescuer: Represents the user interacting with the system to send
health information or request services.
• PetAidOnline User Interface: The interface through which the user sends data
or requests.
• Health Information Controller: Processes health-related data and manages in-
teractions with sensors and consultations.
• Symptom Tracker Sensor: Collects sensor-based health data for tracking pet
symptoms.
• Online Consultation: Facilitates consultations when sensor data is insufficient.
• Medication Guidelines: Provides relevant drug and treatment information.

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 • Adoption System: Handles adoption-related processes.
• Information Repository: Stores and retrieves data for the system.
• Back-end: Manages overall data flow and communication between modules.

4.3 Explanation of the Workflow

4.3.1 User Interaction

The user (part-owner/rescuer) starts the process by sending health information via the
PetAidOnline User Interface.

4.3.2 Health Information Processing

• The Health Information Controller checks the data.

• If sensor measurement is required, it requests input from the Symptom Tracker
Sensor.
• The sensor provides multiple readings, indicated as loop(n) for repeated measure-
ments.

4.3.3 Consultation (Alternative Flow)

• If the health information is insufficient (shown as else in the ALT block), the
system initiates an Online Consultation.
• The user receives recommendations based on the consultation.

4.3.4 Data Storage and Access

• Relevant data is stored in the Information Repository.

• The Back-end fetches and controls data access across the modules.

4.3.5 Parallel Processes

• In parallel (denoted by the PAR block), the Adoption System and Medication
Guidelines modules might be accessed.
• The Adoption System stores and retrieves adoption information based on user
requests.

4.3.6 Self-Calls

Some interactions involve self-calls, where a module processes data internally before
returning a response (e.g., Online Consultation).

26
Features Highlighted
• Health Monitoring: Uses sensors to provide detailed tracking of a pet’s symp-
toms.

• Online Consultation: Enables remote access to medical advice when automated

tracking is insufficient.

• Medication and Adoption Systems: Adds functionality for pet treatment and
adoption-related queries.

• Data Flow: Ensures that all user interactions result in secure data storage and
retrieval.

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3.6 UML Class Diagram

Figure 3.8: UML Class Diagram

4.2 Key Participants (Classes)

The key classes in the UML Class Diagram for the PetAid Online system are:

• User (Pet Owner): Represents individuals who own pets and interact with the
system to manage health information and adoption processes.
• Pet: Represents the pet(s) owned by the user. Each pet has its own health record
and may have consultations linked to it.
• Consultation: Represents the medical or behavioral consultations that the pet
receives, such as veterinary visits or behavioral consultations.
• Adoption: Represents the process where a user adopts a pet, typically from a
shelter or rescue organization.

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 • Health Record: Represents the medical and health history of the pet, including
consultations, diagnoses, and treatments.

4.3 Explanation of the Workflow

4.3.1 User Interaction

The User (Pet Owner) begins the process by sending health information for their pet via
the PetAidOnline User Interface. The system helps in managing the pet’s health and
other records.

4.3.2 Pet Adoption Workflow

• The User browses available pets, selects one for adoption, and submits an adop-
tion application.
• Upon approval, the User (Pet Owner) officially adopts the pet and becomes its
registered owner. The pet is now linked to the user.

4.3.3 Pet Health Record and Consultations

• The Pet requires regular medical checkups, so the User schedules consultations.
• Each consultation results in an updated Health Record, which includes details of
diagnoses, treatments, and follow-up care.

4.3.4 Ongoing Interaction and Updates

• The User regularly checks the pet’s health and schedules any necessary consulta-
tions or treatments.
• Health Records are continuously updated to track the pet’s health, including di-
agnosis, treatment plans, and vaccination status.

4.3.5 Overall Workflow Summary

• Every consultation leads to an updated Health Record that documents the pet’s
current health, diagnosis, and treatment.
• The system efficiently manages the health and adoption records of the pet, ensur-
ing that all interactions are well-documented.

4.3.6 Self-Calls

In some cases, internal modules within the system perform self-calls. For instance, the
Online Consultation module may handle requests internally before returning the results
to the User.

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4.4 Features Highlighted
• Health Monitoring: Tracks the pet’s symptoms and health using sensors to pro-
vide real-time updates.

• Online Consultation: Enables remote consultations when automatic tracking is

insufficient.

• Medication and Adoption Systems: Provides functionality for pet treatments

and adoption-related queries.

• Data Flow: Ensures that all interactions result in secure data storage and retrieval,
keeping the system organized.

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Chapter 4

Conclusion

4.1 Discussion
The PetAid Online project follows a clear and organized approach using the Software
Development Life Cycle (SDLC) to ensure the system meets its intended goals. We
began with Requirement Analysis, where we carefully gathered information about the
system’s functionalities and documented it in the Software Requirements Specification
(SRS). This helped us understand what the system should achieve and the necessary
features.
Following the requirement gathering, we selected the appropriate SDLC Model that
would guide the entire development process, ensuring an efficient and structured work-
flow. To better understand how data flows within the system, we created Data Flow
Diagrams (DFD) at three levels (0, 1, and 2), which illustrated how information is pro-
cessed and how different components interact.
We also created a UML Use Case Diagram to represent the different actions users
can take within the system, providing a clear overview of user interactions. To further
clarify the system’s behavior, we developed a UML Sequence Diagram that shows how
different components of the system interact over time. Finally, we created a UML Class
Diagram, which helped us define the structure of the system by organizing the classes
and their relationships.
By following this structured approach, we ensured that the PetAid Online system
is designed in a clear, logical, and user-friendly way, making it easier to develop and
maintain.

4.2 Limitations
While the PetAid Online system offers a comprehensive solution for managing pet
health, adoption, and consultations, there are certain limitations that need to be ac-
knowledged. These limitations should be considered for future improvements and de-
velopment phases.

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4.2.1 Limited Real-Time Data Collection
The system currently relies on manual input from users and external sensors for health
monitoring. Although sensors can capture valuable data, they may not always provide
real-time updates on a pet’s health status, potentially leading to delays in diagnosis or
treatment recommendations.

4.2.2 Dependence on Internet Connectivity

As an online platform, PetAid Online requires a stable internet connection for users to
access features such as online consultations, health tracking, and adoption services. In
regions with poor internet connectivity, users may face difficulties in accessing essential
features of the platform.

4.2.3 Scalability Challenges

Although the system has been designed with scalability in mind, there may be chal-
lenges as the user base grows. Handling large volumes of data, especially health records
and user interactions, will require continuous optimization of the database and backend
systems to ensure smooth performance.

4.2.4 Limited Integration with External Systems

Currently, the system does not have extensive integration with third-party platforms,
such as veterinary clinics or pet adoption networks. Future versions could benefit from
stronger partnerships and integration capabilities, allowing for a more seamless experi-
ence for users.

4.2.5 Security Concerns

Given the sensitive nature of the data being handled, including personal and health-
related information of both pets and owners, the system needs to maintain the highest
security standards. However, as cyber threats evolve, the platform will need ongoing
updates and enhancements to ensure data protection.

4.2.6 User Education and Engagement

While the platform is designed to be user-friendly, there may be a learning curve for
some users, especially those unfamiliar with technology. Continuous user education and
clear instructions will be essential for ensuring effective engagement with the system.

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4.2.7 Veterinary Availability
The online consultation feature depends on the availability of qualified veterinarians. In
regions with a shortage of vets or those that lack online consultation infrastructure, the
system’s utility may be limited.
In conclusion, while the PetAid Online system is designed to provide comprehen-
sive solutions for pet owners, there are areas that require further development. Address-
ing these limitations will be key to enhancing the overall user experience and function-
ality of the system in the future.

4.3 Future Work

The next phase of the PetAid Online project will focus on the actual implementation of
the system, turning the design into a functional product. Our work so far has laid the
groundwork for the system’s architecture and design, and now it is time to bring these
components to life.

4.3.1 System Development

We will begin by developing the backend and database structure, including APIs to al-
low interaction between different system modules like Health Information Controller,
Adoption System, and Online Consultation. The front-end development will create
the user interface through which users can interact with the system, making sure it’s
intuitive and easy to use.

4.3.2 Health Monitoring

The Symptom Tracker Sensor will be integrated into the system to capture real-time
health data for pets. This requires designing the system’s logic to analyze these inputs
and suggest potential health conditions. Algorithms will be developed to ensure that the
system provides accurate, helpful information based on the user’s input.

4.3.3 Online Consultation Feature

The Online Consultation system will enable pet owners to interact with veterinarians
remotely. This feature will involve integrating secure video conferencing tools, as well
as ensuring that communication between the user and the vet is seamless and confiden-
tial.

4.3.4 Data Management

We will implement the Information Repository, a secure database that will store health
records, adoption details, and user data. Security measures will be critical to ensure all

33
personal information is kept safe and confidential, adhering to data protection standards.

4.3.5 Testing and Optimization

Once the system is in place, extensive testing will be carried out to identify and resolve
any issues. This will include functional testing, integration testing, and performance
testing to ensure everything is working correctly and efficiently.

4.3.6 User Feedback and Iteration

After the initial launch, user feedback will be gathered to understand their experiences
and gather suggestions for improvements. The system will be continuously updated
based on this feedback, ensuring that it meets the needs of its users.
In conclusion, the future work will focus on implementing the design, ensuring all
components interact smoothly, and continuously improving the platform based on user
feedback. The goal is to create a fully functional system that meets the needs of pet
owners, rescuers, veterinarians, and welfare organizations.

34
Chapter 5

References

• Responsive Web Design Projects Completely Fulfill URL: https://www.youtube.

com/watch?v=e132eT1bzjs&list=PLNZuuVQSx-gEV18b2wkHJId

• Learning the Software Design Documentation URL: https://document360.

com/blog/software-documentation-tools/

• Full Stack Web Development Course Introduction URL: https://www.youtube.

com/watch?v=XlvsJLer_No&list=PLZlA0Gpn_vH8jbFkBjOuFjhxANC63OmXM4

• Online Hospital Management Project URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=bIJH_1VjaVQ&list=PL8ALKvy6F_Dyb3TFpQkXC5NMYsOmMo3Ck

• Pet Adoption Platforms Overview URL: https://www.petfinder.com

• General Software Development Best Practices URL: https://www.smartsheet.

com/content/software-development-best-practices

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