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End-of-unit test
Unit 1
1 a Write down one reason why plants need magnesium. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
b A scientist investigated whether giving plants different quantities of magnesium affected
their growth. He measured growth by counting the number of new leaves produced.
Write down an hypothesis he could test in his investigation. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
c Here are his results.
• 0.5 mg magnesium: 3 new leaves
• 1.0 mg of magnesium: 5 new leaves
• 1.5 mg of magnesium: 6 new leaves
• 2.0 mg of magnesium: 4 new leaves
• 2.5 mg of magnesium: 1 new leaf
Draw a results table and fill in the scientist’s results. [2]

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

2 Complete the sentences. Choose words from the list. [2]

asteroid astronomer climate mass

photosynthesise respire stellar weather

67 million years ago, an _________________________ collided with the Earth.

This filled the air with dust. Less light could reach the ground, so plants

could not _________________________.

The _________________________ of the Earth changed, as it became cooler.

Many animals could not survive because they did not have enough food. There was a

_________________________ extinction.
3 a Here are some statements about the carbon cycle.
Tick (✓) the two correct statements. [2]

Plants take carbon dioxide from the air when they respire.

Decomposers obtain their carbon from dead animals and plants.

Combustion of fossil fuels adds carbon dioxide to the air.

Carbon dioxide is returned to the air by photosynthesis.

b Explain the difference between chloroplasts and chlorophyll. [2]

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

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End-of-unit test
Unit 2
1 The elements in Group 1 of the Periodic Table have similar properties.
The first three elements in this group are lithium, sodium and potassium.
a Which one of these three elements is the least reactive? [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
b Which one of these three elements has the largest mass number? [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
2 a Explain what is meant by an ion. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
b Why is an ion of potassium more stable than an atom of potassium? [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
3 Which of the following statements are correct?
Tick (✓) three boxes. [3]

A molecule is formed when two ions are attracted to one another.

A covalent bond is formed when a pair of electrons is shared by two atoms.

Ionic compounds have higher melting and boiling points than covalent compounds.

An ion that gains an electron has a positive charge.

Methane and carbon dioxide are ionic compounds.

Magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate are ionic compounds.

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

4 Explain how you could test to find out if a substance is ionic or covalent. You could draw
a diagram if this helps to explain your answer. You should say how this experimental test
will enable you to identify the type of compound. [3]

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

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End-of-unit test
Unit 3
1 a Complete the equation for density. Use the words mass and volume. [1]

density = ______________________________

b Look at the list of substances.

water ice wood air iron

i Circle the substance with the lowest density. [1]

ii Explain your choice of the substance with the lowest density. [1]

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
c Water has a density of 1.0 g/cm3. A substance called LDPE has a density of 0.91 g/cm3.
Explain whether LDPE will float or sink in water. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

2 Draw straight lines to match the quantity with the correct description and unit. [2]

quantity description unit

total energy of
temperature all particles in a J
substance

average energy
heat of all particles °C
in a substance

3 A hairdryer uses 1500 J of electrical energy in 1 second.

The hairdryer changes 1300 J of this to useful thermal energy in 1 second.
Calculate the quantity of energy that is wasted by the hairdryer in 1 second.
Show your working. [2]

______________________________ J
4 Two objects, A and B, are placed in contact with each other.
Thermal energy initially flows from A to B.
Explain the conclusion that can be made about the initial temperatures of A and B. [2]

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

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End-of-unit test
Unit 4
1 Zara investigated how giving plants different amounts of water affected their growth.
She grew some seedlings in pots and watered them each day.
She measured the height of each seedling on day 1 and on day 7.
The table shows her results.

Height of seedling in mm Increase in

Water given Seedling
Day 1 Day 7 height in mm

1 6.0 6.5 0.5

none 2 5.5 6.0 0.5

3 5.5 6.0 0.5

4 5.5 7.5 2.0

2 cm3 5 6.0 8.0 2.0

6 6.0 8.5 2.5

7 6.0 9.5 3.5

5 cm3 8 5.5 9.5

9 6.0 10.0

a Calculate the increase in height for seedlings 8 and 9.

Write your answers in the table. [1]

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

b Write down a conclusion that Zara can make from her results. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
c Explain why Zara used three seedlings for each amount of water in her experiment. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
d The parts of the plant that the water moved through are listed, but not in the correct order.

leaves xylem root hair

Write them in the correct order. [1]

_______________________ _______________________ _______________________

2 When a woman becomes pregnant, she may need to make small changes to her diet and lifestyle.
Explain how each of the following changes can help to maintain the health of the mother
and her fetus.
a eating more foods that contain iron [2]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
b stopping smoking [2]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

3 Here are some sentences about excretion.

The sentences are not in the correct order.
A The urine is stored in the bladder.
B The urine flows down the ureter.
C Urea is made in the liver.
D The blood transports urea to the kidneys.
E The urine flows down the urethra.
F The kidneys filter urea out of the blood and make urine.
Write down the letters of the sentences in the correct order, from left to right.
One has been placed for you. [2]

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End-of-unit test
Unit 5
1 a Write the word equation for the reaction between zinc and copper sulfate. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
b Complete the symbol equation for the reaction in part a. [1]

+ CuSO4 → +

c Write the word equation for the reaction between magnesium and iron sulfate. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
d Write the symbol equation for the reaction in part c. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
2 In an investigation, an unknown metal was tested to try to identify it.
The metal was heated in air; it reacted slowly to form an oxide.
The metal was placed in water; there was no reaction.
The metal was placed in dilute acid; there was a reaction with bubbles of gas being given off slowly.
Write down which of the following metals it could be. [1]

lithium magnesium zinc copper silver

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CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

3 a Give the formula for sulfuric acid. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
b Name this acid: HNO3 [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
c Name the salt formed when zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
4 When some students made the salt zinc sulfate, they reacted a piece of zinc with sulfuric acid
in a beaker. When the reaction finished, they poured the solution into an evaporating basin and
heated it. After heating it for a short time, they removed it from the heat and left the solution to
evaporate completely.
What risks are there in carrying out this experiment? How should the students overcome
the risks? [2]

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

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End-of-unit test
Unit 6
1 Sound travels as sound waves.
Complete these sentences using the best words. [1]

As the loudness of a sound increases, the _______________ of the sound wave increases.

As the pitch of a sound increases, the _______________ of the sound wave increases.
2 The diagrams show the waveforms of four sounds, A–D, as displayed on an oscilloscope screen.

Complete the sentence using the correct letters. [1]

The quietest sound is _______________ and the highest pitch sound is _______________.
3 When two sound waves meet, they can reinforce each other or cancel each other.
a The diagram shows the waveform of one sound wave.

On the grid below, draw the waveform of a wave that will reinforce this sound. [1]

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

b A sound wave, P, can be heard clearly. Wave P has constant frequency and constant amplitude.
Another sound wave, R, cancels P completely.
i Describe what is heard when P and R cancel. [1]

_________________________________________________________________________
ii State how wave P must compare with wave R, if they cancel completely. [1]

Amplitude of P compared to R is ______________________________________________

Frequency of P compared to R is ______________________________________________

4 The list shows four theories, A–D, of how the Moon was formed.
A The Moon was formed as a separate object at the same time as the Earth.
B The Moon was a passing object that was captured into orbit around the Earth.
C The Moon was formed after a collision between Earth and another large object.
D The Moon split away from the Earth soon after the Earth was formed without a collision.
Which theory is currently accepted by most scientists? [1]

Write the letter: _______________

5 Many different nebulae have been discovered.
a Describe what nebulae are. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
b A dark nebula is a type of nebula that does not emit light. A dark nebula looks dark because
it blocks the light from stars that are behind it.
Suggest why dark nebulae are thought not to contain stellar nurseries. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

6 The Earth’s crust is made from many tectonic plates.

a The Nazca tectonic plate is moving towards the north-east at a speed of 4 to 5 cm per year.
State what causes this movement. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
b The Nazca plate has a boundary with the South American plate. Earthquakes frequently
occur close to this boundary.
Explain how these earthquakes are evidence for tectonic plates. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

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End-of-unit test
Unit 7
1 Scientists did an experiment to find out if nicotine affects the production of sperm cells in rats.
They gave different quantities of nicotine to 40 rats.
They collected sperm cells from the rats and counted the percentage of abnormal sperm cells.
Abnormal sperm cells are not the normal shape or cannot swim properly.
The table shows their results.

Quantity of nicotine Percentage of abnormal sperm cells

none 6.87

small quantity 19.88

large quantity 32.89

a Write down a conclusion that the scientists can make from their results. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
b Explain why sperm cells need to be able to swim. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

c Sex inheritance in rats is the same as sex inheritance in humans.

Explain how sperm cells help to determine the sex of a baby rat. [3]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

2 Draw one line from each word to its description. [2]

words descriptions

a thread-like structure
contained in the nucleus
of a cell

DNA

a chemical with
molecules shaped like a
twisted ladder

chromosome

the passing on of DNA

from parents to offspring

gene

part of a chromosome
that helps to determine a
characteristic

inheritance

a sex cell, for example an

egg or a sperm

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

3 a Farmers who grow rice use pesticides to kill insects called leaf hoppers that eat the rice plants.
A pesticide is a chemical that kills organisms that can damage a crop.
After a while, the leaf hoppers become resistant to the pesticides so that the pesticides do not
kill them. The sentences describe how this happens, but they are not in the correct order.
A They pass their genes on to their offspring.
B Over many generations, more and more of the leafhoppers have genes that give them
resistance to pesticides.
C The leafhoppers that are resistant are more likely to survive when pesticide is sprayed
onto the rice plants.
D Some leafhoppers have versions of their genes that make them resistant to pesticides.
E The resistant leafhoppers are the only ones that are able to reproduce.
Write the letters of the sentences in the correct order. One has been placed for you. [2]

b What is the process that is described by the five sentences A to E? Circle the correct answer. [1]

development extinction natural selection variation

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End-of-unit test
Unit 8
1 The rate of reaction changes during a reaction. This graph shows how the rate of reaction
changes over time.

Write down the letter, A–C, that corresponds to the following:

a the reaction is slowing down: _______________ [1]

b the reaction is fastest: _______________ [1]

c the reaction has stopped: _______________ [1]

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2 Sofia plans to use the following equipment to measure the rate of reaction between marble
chips and dilute acid.

What should Sofia measure and how often? [2]

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________
3 Correct the following statements:
a When you crush solid marble chips into a powder, you decrease the surface area. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
b Increasing the surface area of a reactant decreases the rate of reaction. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
c The higher the temperature, the slower the rate of reaction will be. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
4 Use particle theory to explain why increasing the concentration of one or more of the reactants
increases the rate of reaction. [2]

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

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End-of-unit test
Unit 9
1 Look at the circuit diagram.

The two lamps in this circuit are identical.

The reading on ammeter A1 is 5.0 A.
Calculate the readings on ammeters A2 and A3 [2]

A2 = _______________ A

A3 = _______________ A

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

2 Look at the circuit diagram.

The sentences each contain choices of words. Underline the correct words in each sentence.
a To measure the current in the lamp, an ammeter / a voltmeter is connected
in series / in parallel with the lamp. [1]
b To measure the voltage across the lamp, an ammeter / a voltmeter is connected
in series / in parallel with the lamp. [1]
3 Look at the circuit diagram.

The voltage across L 1 is 1.5 V.

State the voltage of the cell. [1]

_______________ V

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-UNIT TEST

4 A current of 2 A flows through a 10 Ω resistor.

Calculate the voltage across the resistor. [2]
Show your working.

_______________ V
5 In the space below, draw a circuit where:
• there is one cell
• a lamp and a buzzer can be switched on and off separately
• the brightness of the lamp can be varied without affecting the buzzer. [3]

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End-of-year test
Questions
Biology
1 Sofia and Zara count the flowers on several different plants that all belong to the same species.
They write down their results.

a How many plants did Sofia and Zara use in their experiment? [1]

_______________
b Use the girls’ results to complete the results table. [2]

Number of flowers on
1 2
a plant

Number of plants 2

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-YEAR TEST

c Use the results to complete the bar chart.

Draw the bars so that they touch each other. [3]

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-YEAR TEST

d Which word is used to describe these differences between the plants?

Circle the correct answer. [1]

chromosomes selection species variation

2 a Complete the word equation for photosynthesis. [3]

carbon
+  +
dioxide

b Name the part of a plant cell in which photosynthesis takes place. [1]

______________________________

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-YEAR TEST

3 Draw one line from each word to its description. [4]

Words Descriptions

a structure made of DNA that

contains genes

gamete to do with the kidneys

the passing on of genes from

chromosome
parents to offspring

complete disappearance of a
extinction
species for ever

a sex cell, for example an egg

renal
or a sperm

the tissue in which water is

transported in plants

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-YEAR TEST

Chemistry
4 When the metal magnesium is placed in a test tube with nitric acid, it reacts to form the salt
magnesium nitrate.
Why is it not possible to make copper nitrate by adding copper metal to nitric acid? [1]

_______________________________________________________________________________
5 To make a solution of the salt potassium nitrate by neutralisation:
a Which acid would you need to use? [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
b List the equipment would you need to use. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
c What are the risks involved with this process and how would you try to overcome them? [2]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
6 In the investigation shown, the rate of reaction is found by measuring the volume
of gas given off every 30 seconds.

a What is the name of the gas? [1]

_______________________________________________________________________________

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-YEAR TEST

b Use these results to plot a graph to show how the rate of reaction changes during the
course of this reaction. [4]

Total volume gas

Time in s
produced in cm3

130 10

130 16

160 34

190 48

120 56

150 74

180 82

210 83

240 83

c Identify any result that does not fit the pattern. [1]

____________________________________________________________________________
7 Which of the following would increase the rate of reaction? [2]
Tick (✓) two boxes.

Using the calcium carbonate as a powder.

Using the calcium carbonate as large pieces.

Using a more dilute acid.

Placing the flask of calcium carbonate and acid in a water bath at 50 °C.

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-YEAR TEST

8 Draw a labelled diagram of the atomic structure of lithium. The atomic number is
3 and the mass number is 7. [2]

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-YEAR TEST

Physics
9 Nitrogen is a gas.
Use this information to explain why:
a nitrogen is less dense than copper [2]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
b bubbles of nitrogen in water move upwards through water. [2]

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
10 The diagram shows a waveform.

Each square on the grid represents 1 cm × 1 cm.

a State the amplitude of this waveform. [1]

______________________________ cm
b The waveform in the diagram is caused by a sound wave.
The sound changes to have higher pitch.
The loudness of the sound does not change.
How will this waveform change? [1]
Tick (✓) one box.

Only the height of the waveform will increase.

Only the number of waves on the grid will decrease.

More waves will be seen on the grid and the height will increase.

More waves will be seen on the grid but the height will not change.

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-YEAR TEST

11 The table shows the names of some components and some of their circuit symbols.

Name Circuit symbol

variable resistor

fixed resistor

a Complete the table with the missing names and circuit symbols. [2]
b A variable resistor is connected in series with a lamp.
Write true or false for each of these statements. [1]

The variable resistor can be used to change the current through the lamp: _______________

The variable resistor can be used to change the brightness of the lamp: _______________
12 Look at the circuit diagram.

Which statement is correct about the current through each lamp. [1]
Tick (✓) one box.

current through L1 + current through L2 = current through L3

current through L1 + current through L3 = current through L2

current through L2 + current through L3 = current through L1

current through L1 = current through L2 = current through L3

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9: END-OF-YEAR TEST

13 The circuit in the diagram contains a lamp and buzzer.

a Make one copy of the circuit diagram in the space below and add:
• a meter to measure the current in the circuit
• a meter to measure the voltage across the lamp [2]

b State the effect of adding another lamp in series on:

i the current in the circuit [1]

_________________________________________________________________________
ii the voltage across the buzzer [1]

_________________________________________________________________________
iii the brightness of the original lamp [1]

_________________________________________________________________________

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