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Wrapper classes in Java encapsulate primitive data types into objects, allowing for their use in collections and APIs that require objects. Each primitive type has a corresponding wrapper class, and features like autoboxing and unboxing simplify the conversion between primitives and their wrappers. Wrapper classes also support methods for type conversion, are immutable, and can represent null values, making them essential for various programming scenarios.

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4 views2 pages

Operators 2

Wrapper classes in Java encapsulate primitive data types into objects, allowing for their use in collections and APIs that require objects. Each primitive type has a corresponding wrapper class, and features like autoboxing and unboxing simplify the conversion between primitives and their wrappers. Wrapper classes also support methods for type conversion, are immutable, and can represent null values, making them essential for various programming scenarios.

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explain wrapper classes in java

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In Java, wrapper classes are used to encapsulate primitive data types into objects.
Each primitive type (such as int, char, boolean, etc.) has a corresponding wrapper
class that allows the primitive value to be treated as an object. This is necessary
because many Java frameworks and APIs, particularly those that deal with
collections, work only with objects and not with primitive types.

Here are the corresponding wrapper classes for each primitive type:
Primitive Type Wrapper Class
boolean Boolean
byte Byte
char Character
short Short
int Integer
long Long
float Float
double Double
Key Features of Wrapper Classes

Object Representation: Wrapper classes allow primitive values to be stored as


objects. This is useful in cases like working with generics, which require objects
instead of primitives.

Autoboxing and Unboxing: Since Java 5, autoboxing and unboxing were introduced
to make working with wrapper classes easier:
Autoboxing: Automatic conversion of a primitive type into its corresponding
wrapper class.

java

int num = 10;


Integer obj = num; // Autoboxing

Unboxing: Automatic conversion of a wrapper class object into its corresponding


primitive type.

java

Integer obj = 20;


int num = obj; // Unboxing

Methods for Conversion: Wrapper classes provide methods to convert between


different data types and to perform useful operations like parsing strings into
numbers. For example:

java

String str = "100";


int num = Integer.parseInt(str); // Converts string to int

Immutability: Wrapper class objects are immutable, meaning once created, their
values cannot be changed.

Use Cases
Collections: Java collections (like ArrayList, HashMap, etc.) cannot store
primitive types, so wrapper classes are used when storing primitives in these
collections.

java

List<Integer> numbers = new ArrayList<>();


numbers.add(5); // Autoboxing from int to Integer

Null values: Primitive types cannot be null, but wrapper classes can. This is
useful when you need to represent the absence of a value (e.g., in databases).

Methods expecting Objects: Some methods, especially those related to object


manipulation and reflection, require objects as parameters. Wrapper classes allow
passing primitive values where objects are expected.

Example

java

public class WrapperExample {


public static void main(String[] args) {
int primitive = 5;
Integer wrapped = primitive; // Autoboxing

int unwrapped = wrapped; // Unboxing

System.out.println("Primitive: " + primitive);


System.out.println("Wrapped: " + wrapped);
System.out.println("Unwrapped: " + unwrapped);
}
}

In summary, wrapper classes provide the flexibility to work with primitive data
types as objects, allowing them to integrate seamlessly with object-oriented
features in Java.

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